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STUDYING IN ITALY

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Top tips: how to learn Italian

As thousands of foreign students arrive at universities across Italy, The Local speaks to one linguist to find out the best way they can learn the language.

Published: 11 September 2014 08:35 CEST
Updated: 11 September 2014 09:45 CEST
Top tips: how to learn Italian
Mastering the Italian language means ditching the grammar books. Italian photo: Shutterstock

For every foreign student that masters the Italian language, there are surely two that leave with barely a word.

Although learning the language of love may come easier to those studying for Italian degrees, or Spaniards, the linguistic gap has little to do with ability.

There are – as The Local discovers – some key pitfalls which university students repeatedly make early on.

“Often, when people come on exchange they go out with other exchange students and don’t learn the language. This is a mistake everyone makes, including Italians who study abroad,” Christian Cibba, who organizes a language exchange in Rome, tells The Local.

Taking the easier option and socializing with fellow foreigners may be fun, but it certainly won’t help students learn Italian.

SEE ALSO: The world's top 10 universities to study Italian

Thankfully, fluency will not be found in a grammar book.

“You can learn all the tenses and grammar rules you want, but if you don’t use them in daily life, they don’t stay with you and you forget them.

“The best way to break through, in parallel with studying, is to get to know Italians and go out with them. Go for a pizza with them, joke with them,” Cibba says.

One of the main complaints foreign students have, however, is the difficulty in meeting locals.

As a result, three years ago Rome’s Romit language school started organizing weekly tandems where foreigners and Italians could practice their language skills.

Now co-organized by Cibba and attracting around 50 people each week, the language meet-up is one of the main ways foreigners can improve their spoken Italian.

“It helps a lot; students start here and slowly improve,” Cibba says. “It’s really easy to meet both other foreigners and Italians who want to meet foreigners.”

While socializing helps foreigners pick up expressions used in daily life, students can improve their formal Italian with a TV.

“Watch films in Italian with Italian subtitles at first; they help with learning the pronunciation. On TV presenters also use the correct pronunciation,” Cibba advises.

Going beyond the bar and the sofa, we’ve compiled the best five guides to take students’ language learning to a new level:

1. Top 10: Ways to learn Italian

2. The most embarrassing mistakes to avoid in Italian

3. 10 ways to speak Italian with your hands

4. How to argue like an Italian

5. Top 10: The best animal sayings in Italian

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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

Le Havre rules: How to talk about French towns beginning with Le, La or Les

If you're into car racing, French politics or visits to seaside resorts you are likely at some point to need to talk about French towns with a 'Le' in the title. But how you talk about these places involves a slightly unexpected French grammar rule. Here's how it works.

Published: 30 November 2021 13:04 CET
Updated: 4 December 2021 17:47 CET
An old WW2 photo taken in the French port town of Le Havre.
An old WW2 photo taken in the French port town of Le Havre. It can be difficult to know what prepositions to use for places like this - so we have explained it for you. (Photo by AFP)

If you’re listening to French chat about any of those topics, at some point you’re likely to hear the names of Mans, Havre and Touquet bandied about.

And this is because French towns that have a ‘Le’ ‘La’ or ‘Les’ in the title lose them when you begin constructing sentences. 

As a general rule, French town, commune and city names do not carry a gender. 

So if you wanted to describe Paris as beautiful, you could write: Paris est belle or Paris est beau. It doesn’t matter what adjectival agreement you use. 

For most towns and cities, you would use à to evoke movement to the place or explain that you are already there, and de to explain that you come from/are coming from that location:

Je vais à Marseille – I am going to Marseille

Je suis à Marseille – I am in Marseille 

Je viens de Marseille – I come from Marseille 

But a select few settlements in France do carry a ‘Le’, a ‘La’ or a ‘Les’ as part of their name. 

In this case the preposition disappears when you begin formulating most sentences, and you structure the sentence as you would any other phrase with a ‘le’, ‘la’ or ‘les’ in it.

Masculine

Le is the most common preposition for two names (probably something to do with the patriarchy) with Le Havre, La Mans, Le Touquet and the town of Le Tampon on the French overseas territory of La Réunion (more on that later)

A good example of this is Le Havre, a city in northern France where former Prime Minister, Edouard Philippe, who is tipped to one day run for the French presidency, serves as mayor. 

Edouard Philippe’s twitter profile describes him as the ‘Maire du Havre’, using a masculine preposition

Here we can see that his location is Le Havre, and his Twitter handle is Philippe_LH (for Le Havre) but when he comes to describe his job the Le disappears.

Because Le Havre is masculine, he describes himself as the Maire du Havre rather than the Maire de Havre (Anne Hidalgo, for example would describe herself as the Maire de Paris). 

For place names with ‘Le’ in front of them, you should use prepositions like this:

Ja vais au Touquet – I am going to Le Touquet

Je suis au Touquet – I am in Le Touquet 

Je viens du Touquet – I am from Le Touquet 

Je parle du Touquet – I am talking about Le Touquet

Le Traité du Touquet – the Le Touquet Treaty

Feminine

Some towns carry ‘La’ as part of their name. La Rochelle, the scenic town on the west coast of France known for its great seafood and rugby team, is one such example.

In French ‘à la‘ or ‘de la‘ is allowed, while ‘à le‘ becomes au and ‘de le’ becomes du. So for ‘feminine’ towns such as this, you should use the following prepositions:

Je vais à La Rochelle – I am going to La Rochelle

Je viens de La Rochelle – I am coming from La Rochelle 

Plural

And some places have ‘Les’ in front of their name, like Les Lilas, a commune in the suburbs of Paris. The name of this commune literally translates as ‘The Lilacs’ and was made famous by Serge Gainsbourg’s song Le Poinçonneur des Lilas, about a ticket puncher at the Metro station there. 

When talking about a place with ‘Les’ as part of the name, you must use a plural preposition like so:

Je suis le poinçonneur des Lilas – I am the ticket puncher of Lilas 

Je vais aux Lilas – I am going to Les Lilas

Il est né aux Lilas – He was born in Les Lilas  

Islands 

Islands follow more complicated rules. 

If you are talking about going to one island in particular, you would use à or en. This has nothing to do with gender and is entirely randomised. For example:

Je vais à La Réunion – I am going to La Réunion 

Je vais en Corse – I am going to Corsica 

Generally speaking, when talking about one of the en islands, you would use the following structure to suggest movement from the place: 

Je viens de Corse – I am coming from Corsica 

For the à Islands, you would say:

Je viens de La Réunion – I am coming from La Réunion 

When talking about territories composed of multiple islands, you should use aux.

Je vais aux Maldives – I am going to the Maldives. 

No preposition needed 

There are some phrases in French which don’t require any a preposition at all. This doesn’t change when dealing with ‘Le’ places, such as Le Mans – which is famous for its car-racing track and Motorcycle Grand Prix. Phrases that don’t need a preposition include: 

Je visite Le Mans – I am visiting Le Mans

J’aime Le Mans – I like Le Mans

But for a preposition phrase, the town becomes simply Mans, as in Je vais au Mans.

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