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OPINION & ANALYSIS

OPINION: New cannabis law in Germany isn’t dangerous – it’s common sense

Following much controversy, Germany's new cannabis act partially legalising the drug is now in force. Brian Melican writes about why that's not a moment too soon.

Someone holds part of a cannabis plant
Cannabis is set to be legalised in Germany. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Karl-Josef Hildenbrand

If you ask me, Germany’s Cannabis Legalisation – in effect this April 1st – is a missed opportunity.

Sure, there will be plenty of people who find Aprilscherze, as April Fools are known here, that bit funnier than usual straight after their first legal toke, but my personal preference would have been for legalisation on the 20th of the month. Stoners will know why – and, in the context of a worrying resurgence of the far right in Germany, repurposing Hitler’s birthday for a big lefty smoke-out would have been a two-fingered, one-jointed gesture that might have tempted me to light up again…

READ ALSO: Germany gives green light to partially legalise cannabis from April 1st

But no: been there, done that, got the t-shirt.

Like many of my (increasingly middle) age who grew up in the 90s and 00s, I’ve smoked plenty of cannabis. Skunk was all over London when I was teenager – the Rasta-man guys selling t-shirts at Camden Market would shout “Pussyhole!” at you for not buying it – and anyone out in Hamburg’s Schanzenviertel knew exactly where to ‘pick up’, as the long-dormant synapses in my brain are telling me we used to say in English.

In German, we simply talked about ‘kaufen’. One thing we never said, by the way, was Bubatz – like many, I too learned this word from Christian Lindner’s now legendary legalisation tweet, and all I can say is that our Finance Minster clearly listens to more contemporary German rap music than I do.

No, my interest in new music declined precipitously a while back – as did my desire to smoke cannabis. Partly, it was a simple matter of growing up: moving out of a lads’ flat-share in which we kept a Tupperware box of the stuff in the kitchen to ‘skin up’ (“eine bauen”) after dinner; having increasing commitments; stopping smoking cigarettes. Partly, though, it was about the less pleasant sides of (I’m straining my synapses again:) ‘scoring’: park benches and car windows; ever-changing suppliers and inconsistent quality; the continuous low-level worry that you’re doing something that could get you a criminal record.

Forward-looking reform rather than outdated arguments

Looking back, I had a lot of fun times when high – and would have had to take far fewer risks to my health or future employment prospects if I could have done it all legally; state coffers would have had their fair share, too. Yes, cannabis can be damaging: I’ve known a few people who lost the plot on pot; then again, most got a grip again, none of them died – and I’ve known far more alcoholics and coke addicts in much worse states.

Man smoking cannabis

A man smokes at the ‘Global Marijuana March 2022’ at Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Christoph Soeder

Which of course brings us straight to the heart of the controversy leading up to the passing of the recent partial legalisation act. There was a lot of eleventh-hour parliamentary wrangling as several premiers of German federal states tried to stymie the bill in Bundesrat (the upper house) after it was passed by Bundestag (the lower house), with dramatic warnings about “opening Pandora’s box”, “thousands of lives scarred by drugs”, and “courts overwhelmed” with the workload of overturning historic convictions.

As was to be expected, the loudest voices and most drastic choices of words were to be found in the conservative ranks of the CDU and CSU: Michael Kretschmer of Saxony and Bavaria’s Markus Söder were the most alarmist of the opponents.

READ ALSO: Why is Germany’s cannabis draft law so controversial?

While I don’t impugn their motives, I – and, as the bill’s passage shows, a majority – think they are overstating a case based on increasingly outdated arguments. There’s little need to rehearse them in detail here, but essentially, the ongoing worldwide debate about cannabis policy boils down to two opposing concepts of how to reduce harm: by seeking to suppress and eradicate the drug (treating it like heroin or crack cocaine) or by accepting its existence and trying to regulate its use while ensuring its quality (treating it more like alcohol and tobacco).

Increasingly, this latter side – my side – is winning the argument.

It’s primarily due to experience with legalisation elsewhere in the world, where it has cut the black market down to size and increased tax take without any of the apocalyptic side-effects foretold. In US states which have pursued liberalisation, opioid drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes (as well as firearms…) are still what lead to untimely death, not weed. Just go to Colorado.

An important change

The reform will change little – but represents an important change. Indeed, our legalisation of possession and cultivation for medical and recreational use is broadly similar to that of the Rocky-Mountain state: 50 grams at home, 25 gram while out and about; there won’t be any Amsterdam-style coffee shops and – this bit is characteristically, charmingly German – sale will be through ‘Cannabis Clubs’ registered under eingetragener Verein law.

READ ALSO: Explained: How to start your own Verein in Germany

I wish the presidents, secretaries, and ordinary members of these new associations every success in the challenge of holding regular committee meetings and producing accounts – and am confident that, as users of marijuana, they will intuitively grasp the importance of adequate snacks and liquid refreshments in such circumstances (even your average neighbourhood association quarterly is enough to provoke fits of the munchies and cotton mouth…)

No, in all seriousness, the new legal regime for cannabis is unquestionably A Good Thing. Primarily because it is simply legalising a wide-spread state of affairs: millions of people in Germany regularly smoke cannabis – as they have done since the 1960s (just ask the next pony-tailed Alt-68er you meet about his student days…). Even those who find this fact worrying must admit that decades of anti- drugs policy have had no discernible effect.

Indeed, it says a lot that the man who has argued consistently for the reform and ensured its enactment is none other than temperamentally hyper-cautious Health Minister Karl Lauterbach, a man who has his own no-added-salt food served at Bundestag and was so terrified of coronavirus that he kept us in restrictions for a full year longer than comparable countries. Indeed, he was previously against legalisation due to the perceived risks, and it is much to his credit that he has spoken openly about his change of heart.

During the pandemic, we were all told by him to follow the science – and in this instance, he is practising what he preaches.

READ ALSO: Fact check: Does Germany really have the world’s strictest Covid measures?

The wisdom of his policy will be proved in short order. No, we will not have hundreds of thousands of new smokers, a sharp rise in drug-crime, or hordes of dope-crazed tourists. No, I am not rushing out today to ‘blaze up a big fat one’ just because I now can (yes, in another indication of my age, my weed slang is RBX and Dr. Dre, not Bushido and Capital Bra…). I won’t even be buying my own plant, despite being a keen gardener: as a lot of flat-shares in Germany are about to learn, cultivating cannabaceae for the purposes of intoxication in these climes is an uphill struggle. But if I’m offered a home-baked hash-cookie at some point, I might take a bite.

And if there’s a good April Fool meme out there somewhere equating the traffic-light party-political colours of the governing coalition to the Rastafarian red, yellow, and green, I’d definitely buy the t-shirt. I owe as much to my younger self – and to the Camden pushers!

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ECONOMY

‘Turning point’: Is Germany’s ailing economy on the road to recovery?

The German government slightly increased its 2024 growth forecast Wednesday, saying there were signs Europe's beleaguered top economy was at a "turning point" after battling through a period of weakness.

'Turning point': Is Germany's ailing economy on the road to recovery?

Output is expected to expand 0.3 percent this year, the economy ministry said, up from a prediction of 0.2 percent in February.

The slightly rosier picture comes after improvements in key indicators — from factory output to business activity — boosted hopes a recovery may be getting under way.

The German economy shrank slightly last year, hit by soaring inflation, a manufacturing slowdown and weakness in trading partners, and has acted as a major drag on the 20-nation eurozone.

But releasing its latest projections, the economy ministry said in a statement there were growing indications of a “turning point”.

“Signs of an economic upturn have increased significantly, especially in recent weeks,” Economy Minister Robert Habeck said at a press conference.

The ministry also cut its forecast for inflation this year to 2.4 percent, from a previous prediction of 2.8 percent, and sees the figure falling below two percent next year.

READ ALSO: Can Germany revive its struggling economy?

“The fall in inflation will lead to consumer demand — people have more money in their wallets again, and will spend this money,” said Habeck.

“So purchasing power is increasing, real wages are rising and this will contribute to a domestic economic recovery.”

Energy prices — which surged after Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine — had also fallen and supply chain woes had eased, he added.

Several months ago there had been expectations of a strong rebound in 2024, with forecasts of growth above one percent, but these were dialled back at the start of the year as the economy continued to languish.

‘Germany has fallen behind’

But improving signs have fuelled hopes the lumbering economy — while not about to break into a sprint — may at least be getting back on its feet.

On Wednesday a closely-watched survey from the Ifo institute showed business sentiment rising for a third consecutive month in April, and more strongly than expected.

A key purchasing managers’ index survey this week showed that business activity in Germany had picked up.

And last week the central bank, the Bundesbank, forecast the economy would expand slightly in the first quarter, dodging a recession, after earlier predicting a contraction.

German Economics Minister Robert Habeck

Economics Minister Robert Habeck (Greens) presents the latest economic forecasts at a press conference in Berlin on Wednesday, April 24th. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Michael Kappeler

Despite the economy’s improving prospects, growth of 0.3 percent is still slower than other developed economies and below past rates, and officials fret it is unlikely to pick up fast in the years ahead.

Habeck has repeatedly stressed solutions are needed for deep-rooted problems facing Germany, from an ageing population to labour shortages and a transition towards greener industries that is moving too slowly.

“Germany has fallen behind other countries in terms of competitiveness,” he said. “We still have a lot to do — we have to roll up our sleeves.”

READ ALSO: Which German companies are planning to cut jobs?

Already facing turbulence from pandemic-related supply chain woes, the German economy’s problems deepened dramatically when Russia invaded Ukraine and slashed supplies of gas, hitting the country’s crucial manufacturers hard.

While the energy shock has faded, continued weakness in trading partners such as China, widespread strikes in recent months and higher eurozone interest rates have all prolonged the pain.

The European Central Bank has signalled it could start cutting borrowing costs in June, which would boost the eurozone.

But Habeck stressed that care was still needed as, despite the expectations of imminent easing, “tight monetary policy has not yet been lifted.”

In addition, disagreements in Chancellor Olaf Scholz’s three-party ruling coalition are hindering efforts to reignite growth, critics say.

This week the pro-business FDP party, a coalition partner, faced an angry backlash from Scholz’s SPD when it presented a 12-point plan for an “economic turnaround”, including deep cuts to state benefits.

Christian Lindner, the fiscally hawkish FDP finance minister, welcomed signs of “stabilisation” in the economic forecasts but stressed that projected medium-term growth was “too low to sustainably finance our state”.

“There are no arguments for postponing the economic turnaround,” he added.

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