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ENERGY

France to build ‘beyond’ planned six new nuclear plants

France is set to build eight new nuclear plants on top of six already announced, the energy minister has said, arguing more reactors are needed to hit carbon reduction targets.

France to build 'beyond' planned six new nuclear plants
Cooling towers at the Bugey Nuclear Power Plant in Bugey in the Saint-Vulbas commune, eastern France. Photo: Emmanuel DUNAND/AFP.

A draft law set to be presented soon recognises that “we will need nuclear power beyond the six first European Pressurised Reactors” (EPRs) announced by President Emmanuel Macron in early 2022, Agnes Pannier-Runacher told Sunday’s edition of weekly newspaper Tribune Dimanche.

The bill will include a further eight plants that had until now been discussed as an “option” by the government, Pannier-Runacher said.

By contrast, the text would not include any targets for renewable energy generation by 2030, remaining “technologically neutral”, she added.

France is on the lower end of greenhouse gas emissions in the 27-nation European Union, at around 4.7 tonnes per capita in 2020, according to data from Climate Watch. This is in part thanks to its fleet of 57 nuclear reactors built from the 1970s — some of which required long and costly repairs in recent years.

“The historic nuclear fleet will not last forever,” Pannier-Runacher told Tribune Dimanche.

France aims to reduce fossil fuels’ share of energy use from more than 60 percent now to 40 percent in 2035, which would require “further construction equivalent to 13 gigawatts” of energy from 2026, Pannier-Runacher said.

That matches “the power of eight EPR reactors, without setting in stone any particular technology”, the minister added.

Pannier-Runacher suggested that construction of even more than 14 nuclear reactors could be raised in talks with lawmakers once the energy bill reaches parliament.

State energy firm EDF’s next-generation EPR has had a rocky start. Three are online, one in Finland and two in China, after suffering massive construction delays and cost overruns that have also beset projects in Britain and France.

The first EPR in France, at Flamanville in Normandy, is set to come online for testing in mid-2024, EDF said last month — 17 years after construction started and at a cost of €12.7 billion ($13.9 billion), around four times the initial budget of €3.3 billion

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UKRAINE

France eyes spent uranium plant to bypass Russia: ministry

The French government has said it is "seriously" studying the option of building a plant to convert and enrich reprocessed uranium to cut its reliance on Russia following the invasion of Ukraine.

France eyes spent uranium plant to bypass Russia: ministry

The only plant in the world that currently converts reprocessed uranium for use in nuclear power plants is in Russia.

“The option of carrying out an industrial project to convert reprocessed uranium in France is being seriously examined,” the French industry and energy ministry told AFP late Thursday.

“The associated conditions are still being studied,” the ministry said.

The announcement came after French daily Le Monde said that state-owned power utility EDF had no immediate plans to halt uranium trade with Russia, as Moscow’s war against Ukraine stretches into its third year.

Environment and climate NGO Greenpeace condemned the continuing uranium trade between Russia and France despite Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, and urged France to cut ties with Russia’s state nuclear power company Rosatom.

“If Emmanuel Macron wants to have a coherent stance on Ukraine, he must stop the French nuclear industry’s collaboration with Rosatom and demand the termination of Russian contracts,” Pauline Boyer of Greenpeace France said in
a statement to AFP on Friday.

“For the time being, his ‘support without limits’ for Ukraine has one limit: his business with Rosatom,” she said.

According to Le Monde, Jean-Michel Quilichini, head of the nuclear fuel division at EDF, said the company planned to continue to “honour” its 2018 contract with Tenex, a Rosatom subsidiary.

The contract stipulates that reprocessed uranium from French nuclear power plants is to be sent to a facility in the town of Seversk (formerly Tomsk-7) in western Siberia to be converted and then re-enriched before being reused in nuclear plants.

Since Russian President Vladimir Putin sent troops into Ukraine in February 2022, the West has imposed several rounds of sanctions on Moscow, but Russia’s nuclear power has remained largely unscathed.

Contacted by AFP, EDF said it was “maximising the diversification of its geographical sources and suppliers”, without specifying the proportion of its enriched reprocessed uranium supplies that comes from Russia.

‘Neither legitimate nor ethical’

Greenpeace said it was “scandalous” that EDF insisted on continuing honouring its agreement with Rosatom.

“It is neither legitimate nor ethical for EDF to continue doing business with Rosatom, a company in the service of Vladimir Putin, which has illegally occupied the Zaporizhzhia power plant in Ukraine for over two years, and is participating in the nuclear threat whipped up by Russia in this war,” Boyer said.

EDF said it and several partners were discussing “the construction of a reprocessed uranium conversion plant in Western Europe by 2030”.

“The fact that the French nuclear industry has never invested in the construction of such a facility on French soil indicates a lack of interest in
a tedious and unprofitable industrial process,” Greenpeace said in a report in 2021.

It accused France of using Siberia “as a garbage dump for the French nuclear industry”.

In recent years France has been seeking to resuscitate its domestic uranium reprocessing industry.

In early February, a reactor at the Cruas nuclear power station in southeastern France was restarted using its first recycled uranium fuel load, EDF said at the time.

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