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‘Prove you’re going to stay’: The challenges of buying a home in Denmark as a foreigner

The Local’s readers in Denmark shared their experiences of purchasing a house or apartment in the Nordic country.

'Prove you're going to stay': The challenges of buying a home in Denmark as a foreigner
Foreign house buyers in Denmark are typically asked for a higher downpayment on their mortgages. File photo: Niels Christian Vilmann/Ritzau Scanpix

With skyrocketing house prices in the last year and a half, closely linked to the Covid-19 pandemic, becoming a homeowner in Denmark hasn’t got any easier.

Foreign nationals looking to buy property can face additional challenges, including minimum residency requirements and banks asking for a higher down payment on mortgages.

We asked our readers to share their experiences. Thank you to all who took the time to get in touch.

One issue that was frequently mentioned was the higher down payment lenders ask for from foreign buyers.

“We knew as foreign buyers we had to put down 20 percent down payment in cash,” wrote Ellen, who bought a house in Aalborg with her partner in March this year. Ellen and her partner are both foreign nationals, with one holding an EU citizenship.

“The first question our real estate lawyer asked us was ‘how is your marriage?’ It is fine but this caught us very much by surprise,” she recounted.

Another reader, Paolo, reported “more down payment (sometimes up to 40 percent) and banks would request a proof that ‘we were going to stay in the country’.”

Not being a permanent resident counted against at least one reader when applying for mortgages.

“(Being refused a loan, despite provisional approval in the past) was a common thread with almost every bank we tried; they told us our personal economy was really great, but my lack of permanent residency was a risk. Of course this was never written down, but mentioned in phone calls,” wrote Drew Fremlev Fisher, who was turned down several times along with his Danish partner before eventually being accepted for a mortgage by the Lån og Spar bank.

Foreign nationals who have lived in Denmark for less than five years are required to apply for permission to buy real estate with the Ministry of Justice’s Department of Civil Affairs (Civilstyrelsen). This also applies to Danes who have lived abroad.

This affected the buying process for some of those who wrote in to us, although others described it as “additional paperwork” rather than an obstacle which would prevent buying.

READ ALSO: Danish government refuses to intervene over soaring house prices

“Getting the loan from the bank was difficult since we hadn’t lived in Denmark for five years minimum,” wrote Shweta, who purchased a house in Billund in March 2020.

“We had to go through multiple banks to get a bank loan with a good offer. We also had to get an approval from the government to buy property in Denmark. But it was handled by the real estate people and the approval arrived in a week or two,” Shweta recounted.

That approval was contingent on a condition that Shweta and her partner do not rent out their property.

“If we haven’t lived in Denmark for minimum of five years then we cannot rent out the property under any circumstances. Even if you have to move within the country, you will need to sell the property first,” she said.

Shweta told us that the mortgage taken out by and her partner has better terms than she might have expected in her home country, India.

“The total credit loan at 1 percent per annum was a great surprise and a home loan in India would be much more around 9 percent to 11 percent, I think,” she wrote.

Ellen mentioned another key difference compared to buying a home in the United States.

“In the US we have a real estate agent for both the buyer and the seller. Here in Denmark the real estate agent is only for the seller,” she wrote.

Another reader, Craig, also found that estate agents operate differently in Denmark.

“Estate agents work on a very different basis in Denmark compared to back home in South Africa where they charge a higher percentage than in Denmark but do not get a guaranteed monthly salary,” he wrote.

“The expectation of having to pay the agency fees after the agency contract has expired is also somewhat onerous, especially when the house has still not sold and the period is never-ending or you have to find a new agent and cannot self-sell,” Craig added.

“Holding an open house for only 30 minutes, with little or no warning is not what we were used to back home,” he also said.

In the later stages of the buying process, some were impressed by the efficiency of the handover once a sale had been agreed.

“It was incredibly quick to go through the purchase process once we had the money in place. About 2 weeks,” wrote Fiona Smith.

“We received an email from the sellers (the agent) saying ‘congratulations!’ before we’d actually paid the money but because we’d fulfilled all the criteria, the house was deemed to be ours,” she explained.

“We’re both British and in the UK pretty much anything could happen until you literally have the keys in your hand and contracts exchanged so that was a very pleasant surprise (and one we didn’t quite trust until we’d paid!),” Fiona said.

READ ALSO: How the cost of renting an apartment in Copenhagen compares to other cities in Denmark

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PROPERTY

Can foreigners buy a summer house in Denmark?

Summer houses in Denmark are a hugely popular destination for those who want to vacation without going abroad. Can foreign nationals buy them in the same way as permanent homes?

Can foreigners buy a summer house in Denmark?

Many people in Denmark spend their holidays living in summer houses, properties in which residence is not usually permitted year-round.

Rules preventing permanent use are in place to ensure summer house areas remain recreational in nature; to limit new construction in valuable and uninhabited coastal areas; and to protect natural landscapes from wear and tear.

READ ALSO: Summer houses in Denmark: What are the rules and when can you live in them?

While renting is a popular choice, owning a summer house is also relatively common and may be a financially viable option, depending on your budget and plans for vacationing and use of the property. 

Foreign nationals who have lived in Denmark for less than five years are required to apply for permission to buy real estate with the Ministry of Justice’s Department of Civil Affairs (Civilstyrelsen). This also applies to Danes who have lived abroad.

Foreign nationals looking to buy property can face additional challenges, including minimum residency requirements and banks asking for a higher down payment on mortgages.

READ ALSO:

However, the Ministry of Justice’s Department of Civil Affairs (Civilstyrelsen) states that, for both permanent homes and non-permanent or seasonal dwellings like summer houses, foreign nationals can be given permission to purchase properties, even if they have lived in Denmark for less than five years.

The application for to acquire a seasonal dwelling (such as a summer house) can be found here. The rules can be explored in full detail here.

I have lived in Denmark for less than five years. Will my application be accepted?

Citizens of EU countries are normally exempted from residence requirements because of EU free movement laws. As such, citizenship and not residence or previous stay in Denmark is decisive and EU citizens can generally acquire real estate in Denmark.

However, if you want to buy a holiday home this does not apply and the five-year residence requirement takes precedence – regardless of whether you have EU nationality.

If you don’t meet the five-year rule, you can still be granted permission to buy a summer house if you are consider to have a “special connection” to Denmark.

This can take the form of close family in Denmark or professional, cultural or financial connections, or previous stays in the country. These are taken into account by the Justice Ministry when it reviews an application.

For companies, different rules apply to those for private individuals, and companies have more leeway to purchase property in Denmark.

However, companies are only allowed to buy holiday homes in Denmark for commercial purposes or to use them for year-round residence. These means rules for private individuals cannot be circumvented by purchasing the properties under a business.

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