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EUROPEAN UNION

Roma in France ‘could be allowed to work’

France will consider giving migrants from Romania and Bulgaria the right to work, the Interior Minister said Thursday in a move triggered by tensions over the treatment of an estimated 15,000 ethnic Roma living in illegal camps.

Interior Minister Manuel Valls, who has overseen the dismantling of several camps and the repatriation of hundreds of Roma, said the lifting of labour

market restrictions "could be one of the solutions" to what has been a divisive issue for the Socialist administration.

It will be discussed next week at a ministerial meeting chaired by Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault.

France is one of a number of European Union countries which declined to grant Bulgarian and Romanian workers unrestricted access to their labour markets following the two countries' accession to the EU in 2007.

Critics of that policy argue that it puts Roma migrants in an invidious position since they can be deported because they cannot demonstrate that they
can support themselves but at the same time, cannot seek work legally.

One of the EU's founding principles is that citizens should be able to work in any member state and the transitional arrangements permitted when Bulgaria
and Romania joined must be phased out by the end of 2013.

France's move to possibly bring that forward follows criticism of Valls' policy from sections of his own party, from Green members of the government
and from Roma rights groups.

Socialist MP Pouria Amirshahi said the government's change of tone on the issue was long overdue.

"At last!" he said. "At last this issue is going to be looked at through an optic other than one of police repression."

Valls' critics have accused him of continuing the policies of former President Nicolas Sarkozy, who sparked international outrage in 2010 when he launched a sweep of Roma camps that resulted in hundreds being repatriated.

Sarkozy's actions and rhetoric prompted a threat of legal action from the EU's executive arm, the Commission, and prompted Justice Commissioner Viviane
Reding to warn that France was reviving unhappy memories of World War II deportations.

The Commission said last week that it was monitoring the new government's handling of the Roma but has stopped short of accusing the administration of
breaking any EU rules.

Valls said that a commitment made by President Francois Hollande during his election campaign that camps would not be dismantled without rehousing options having been put in place would be honoured eventually.

"It will take time," Valls said. "The objective will be met progressively but it is difficult and we have to acknowledge that."

Valls last week sanctioned the dismantling of camps on the outskirts of Lyon and around the northern city of Lille which were home to more than 250
Roma.

On Tuesday, police in Lyon removed 46 Roma, including 25 children, from a squat in the city centre.

The Socialists have also continued their predecessors' practice of offering Roma financial incentives (300 euros per adult, 150 euros per child) to be
flown back to their native countries.

Critics say this is a waste of public money as there is nothing France can do to stop Roma from immediately coming back.

Polls suggest the government's treatment of the Roma enjoys wide support with as many as 80 percent of voters supporting the dismantling of camps, even
almost as many (73 percent) accept that this moves rather than solves the problem.

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BREXIT

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

The EU has drawn up plans to make it easier for non-EU citizens to gain longterm EU residency so they can move more easily around the bloc, but Italy-based citizens' rights campaigner Clarissa Killwick says Brits who moved to the EU before Brexit are already losing out.

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

With all the talk about the EU long-term residency permit and the proposed improvements there is no mention that UK citizens who are Withdrawal Agreement “beneficiaries” are currently being left out in the cold.

The European Commission has stated that we can hold multiple statuses including the EU long-term permit (Under a little-known EU law, third-country nationals can in theory acquire EU-wide long-term resident status if they have lived ‘legally’ in an EU country for at least five years) but in reality it is just not happening.

This effectively leaves Brits locked into their host countries while other third country nationals can enjoy some mobility rights. As yet, in Italy, it is literally a question of the computer saying no if someone tries to apply.

The lack of access to the EU long-term permit to pre-Brexit Brits is an EU-wide issue and has been flagged up to the European Commission but progress is very slow.

READ ALSO: EU government settle on rules for how non-EU citizens could move around Europe

My guess is that few UK nationals who already have permanent residency status under the Withdrawal Agreement are even aware of the extra mobility rights they could have with the EU long-term residency permit – or do not even realise they are two different things.

Perhaps there won’t be very large numbers clamouring for it but it is nothing short of discrimination not to make it accessible to British people who’ve built their lives in the EU.

They may have lost their status as EU citizens but nothing has changed concerning the contributions they make, both economically and socially.

An example of how Withdrawal Agreement Brits in Italy are losing out

My son, who has lived almost his whole life here, wanted to study in the Netherlands to improve his employment prospects.

Dutch universities grant home fees rather than international fees to holders of an EU long-term permit. The difference in fees for a Master’s, for example, is an eye-watering €18,000. He went through the application process, collecting the requisite documents, making the payments and waited many months for an appointment at the “questura”, (local immigration office).

On the day, it took some persuading before they agreed he should be able to apply but then the whole thing was stymied because the national computer system would not accept a UK national. I am in no doubt, incidentally, that had he been successful he would have had to hand in his WA  “carta di soggiorno”.

This was back in February 2022 and nothing has budged since then. In the meantime, it is a question of pay up or give up for any students in the same boat as my son. There is, in fact, a very high take up of the EU long-term permit in Italy so my son’s non-EU contemporaries do not face this barrier.

Long-term permit: The EU’s plan to make freedom of movement easier for non- EU nationals 

Completing his studies was stalled by a year until finally his Italian citizenship came through after waiting over 5 years.  I also meet working adults in Italy with the EU long-term permit who use it for work purposes, such as in Belgium and Germany, and for family reunification.  

Withdrawal agreement card should double up as EU long-term residency permit

A statement that Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries should be able to hold multiple statuses is not that easy to find. You have to scroll quite far down the page on the European Commission’s website to find a link to an explanatory document. It has been languishing there since March 2022 but so far not proved very useful.

It has been pointed out to the Commission that the document needs to be multilingual not just in English and “branded” as an official communication from the Commission so it can be used as a stand-alone. But having an official document you can wave at the immigration authorities is going to get you nowhere if Member State governments haven’t acknowledged that WA beneficiaries can hold multiple statuses and issue clear guidance and make sure systems are modified accordingly.

I can appreciate this is no mean feat in countries where they do not usually allow multiple statuses or, even if they do, issue more than one residency card. Of course, other statuses we should be able to hold are not confined to EU long-term residency, they should include the EU Blue Card, dual nationality, family member of an EU citizen…

Personally, I do think people should be up in arms about this. The UK and EU negotiated an agreement which not only removed our freedom of movement as EU citizens, it also failed to automatically give us equal mobility rights to other third country nationals. We are now neither one thing nor the other.

It would seem the only favour the Withdrawal Agreement did us was we didn’t have to go out and come back in again! Brits who follow us, fortunate enough to get a visa, may well pip us at the post being able to apply for EU long-term residency as clearly defined non-EU citizens.

I have been bringing this issue to the attention of the embassy in Rome, FCDO and the European Commission for three years now. I hope we will see some movement soon.

Finally, there should be no dragging of heels assuming we will all take citizenship of our host countries. Actually, we shouldn’t have to, my son was fortunate, even though it took a long time. Others may not meet the requirements or wish to give up their UK citizenship in countries which do not permit dual nationality.  

Bureaucratic challenges may seem almost insurmountable but why not simply allow our Withdrawal Agreement permanent card to double up as the EU long-term residency permit.

Clarissa Killwick,

Since 2016, Clarissa has been a citizens’ rights campaigner and advocate with the pan-European group, Brexpats – Hear Our Voice.
She is co-founder and co-admin of the FB group in Italy, Beyond Brexit – UK citizens in Italy.

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