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OPINION: Melodifestivalen shows multilingualism isn’t a threat to Swedish

Far from the polarising political debate, Sweden's Eurovision trials showed viewers the real, human side of life in many languages, writes linguist Sarah Campbell.

OPINION: Melodifestivalen shows multilingualism isn't a threat to Swedish
Marcus and Martinus, the Norwegian duo who will represent Sweden at Eurovision Song Contest 2024. Photo: Claudio Bresciani/TT

Tårögd (teary eyed) is perhaps the adjective that best described Marcus and Martinus as the news of their Melodifestivalen win began to sink in on Saturday evening.

Whether the show’s real winner was in fact the inspired performance of boyband pastiche Björnzone is a matter for the debattartiklar (opinion pieces), but one thing is certain: there was a third winner in the Friends Arena this weekend: flerspråkighet.

Multilingualism, or perhaps more accurately, multilingual Sweden, was just as much a feature of the event as the sea of homemade banners, show host Carina’s oversize flower accessory or Loreen’s sterling efforts as she tried to receive her Hall of Fame award in her trademark taloned hands.

But not the polarising, political take on multilingualism that often hits the headlines, where focus is on a “can vs can’t” view of Swedish, or on generalised and all too often flawed assumptions about how long it should take to complete SFI (Swedish for Immigrants), or indeed what is expected of someone after they’re signed off as an SFI graduate.

No, that image of multilingualism was, happily, absent, and what we saw was the real, human side of life in many languages. The side that any multilingual person knows intimately and often unreflectingly, because it is just another aspect of day to day life.

I’m talking about the mixing of languages, mid-sentence or mid-song without breaking a step or batting an eyelid. About singing in a language that isn’t your first, or even your second, because you want to, and because you can. About dipping into English when the show’s international juries presented their votes, and hearing them add in some Swedish as a nod to the host country’s shared language.

The fact that winners Marcus and Martinus are Norwegian, and frequently do their interviews with the Swedish media in a fantastic mix of Norwegian and Swedish, is a reminder that the pan-Nordic linguistic connection and capacity for communication is alive and well, despite the prevalence of English.

And Ukrainian artist Maria Sur, whose use of Swedish alongside English has increased with every appearance, was a shining example of how perfection and fluency shouldn’t be the sole goal of learning and using the majority language of a country you live in.

The goal should be to use the language, to put yourself out there, and own your Swedish, whatever level you are at.

Only by practising Swedish in our meetings with other Swedish speakers can those of us who don’t have it as our first language develop our skills. As I’ve written here before, if we wait until we are fluent to speak Swedish, we will be silent forever.

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Maria Sur has a lot she can be proud of in the way she has blossomed as a självklar (obvious) part of the Mello scene, and she can add linguistic role model to the list – using Swedish when she can, and drawing on her other linguistic resources when she needs to.

Multilingualism in Sweden doesn’t need to be a source of conflict, where panic about the quantity and quality of Swedish dominates.

If multilingual artists can swell with pride about their hopes of bringing the country’s first Swedish language song to Eurovision in almost 25 years (runners-up Medina had the only song in Swedish), in the same evening that artists with British, Ukrainian, and Finnish heritage (to name but a few) can raise the roof of a packed stadium in English, then meet the press in Swedish, in a contest ultimately won by two Nordic-language-championing pop powerhouses, then I think it’s safe to say that multilingualism isn’t a threat to Swedish.

Quite the opposite. If Saturday’s quintessential Swedish party is anything to go by, then Swedish is exactly what the Språklagen (The Language Act) says it is: the language we all share.

This article was written by Sarah Campbell, a PhD student and author of Swedish for Parents, the second edition of which is out on March 27th.

Would you like to submit an opinion piece about life in Sweden to The Local? Email our editorial team at [email protected] and we may consider it for publication.

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READER INSIGHTS

‘We all cheer each other on’: How we made friends in Sweden

Sweden is often rated as a difficult country to make friends in. We asked those who've been there, done that – or in other words, The Local's readers – how they met their closest friends in Sweden.

'We all cheer each other on': How we made friends in Sweden

“They are so supportive, caring and understanding,” said Erin Swoverland, a reader from the US, about her friends. “We all listen, lift each other up and cheer each other on. I feel so incredibly lucky to have such amazing women in my corner.”

She met most of them at a gym in Stockholm. 

“I attended a Friday training class for women and the rest is history. I will say I think it being a small, independent gym made all the difference as we actually spoke to each other. I haven’t had the same interactions at larger chains,” she said.

Erin was one of dozens of readers who responded to The Local’s question about how they found their friends in Sweden, sparked by a recent survey which showed that 13 percent of foreigners lack a close friend (double the number of Swedes who said the same thing).

A lot of readers alluded to the part-truth, part-stereotype that Swedes tend to compartmentalise their lives and prefer organised fun over spontaneous activities, and one of the classic strategies that always comes up in these discussions is to join some kind of club or society.

The benefit of “organised fun” is that Sweden has a vibrant föreningsliv (literally “association life”), with many people involved in for example their local football club, gaming hub, gardening society, trade union, hiking club, or even just being on the board of their housing association.

“As I always liked cycling, running, badminton, indoor climbing and a few other sports, I found groups on Meetup for such activities. This helped me meet like-minded people. Soon afterwards, some of us started to hang out together for beers or pizzas etc. Thanks to these people we started to invite other people to our gatherings. Finally today, I have a large network of very interesting and close friends (immigrants as well as Swedish friends). When I look back, I realise that it was much easier to get to know people in events having just six to eight people. If you go in a large group setting it is difficult to meet people as splinter groups start getting formed,” said a Pakistani reader.

“I have been in Sweden for over 15 years now. During this time our close friendship network has just increased. Like any friends, we fight and argue at times, but at the same time I know that my friends care about me. I feel at home in Sweden with this circle of friends.”

He wasn’t the only one who suggested joining a society (although one reader cautioned against “survivorship bias” and pointed out that not everyone manages to turn up at event and immediately make friends). Even if you don’t join a traditional club, readers recommended plenty of other networking opportunities, including sites or friendship apps such as Meetup, Bumble BFF, Panion and GoFrendly.

Nathan Lloyd, a Welshman in Malmö, recommends networking meetups, even if they’re not directly relevant to your own field, as well as Facebook groups. He met his best friend, Brian, via Grindr – not the only one we’ve heard of who made platonic friends on dating apps.

“He’s truly my best friend. Been friends for over six years,” he said. “We enjoy loppising together, going out in nature, birdwatching and art, a major thing we bonded over. He’s been there through highs and lows and helped me in emergency situations when I’ve needed someone.”

Nathan Lloyd, centre, with his friend, Brian, and partner, Tom, at the Konstrundan art weekend in southern Sweden. Photo: Private

Not being afraid of putting yourself out there and making the first move was another tip that came up in the survey, with many describing Swedes as warm friends – perhaps even surprisingly warm – once you break through the shell.

“First and foremost, don’t try too hard. Best friends are the organic ones that come in your life at the moments you don’t expect. Be open and give a shot to those who seem to be more open. Swedes who have been abroad frequently are exceptionally more pleasant to keep around,” said Hadi from Iran, who first moved to Sweden in 2010 and now lives in the south of the country.

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Peter, a reader who works at Lund University in southern Sweden, befriended his new neighbour after knocking on their door to ask if he could use their wifi until he managed to get his own.

“We have been very good friends ever since, even after I moved to another town. I find Swedes to be very friendly in general, but sometimes I need to make the first effort,” he said.

Robert Blomstrand, a born Swede who lived most of his life abroad, says he and his South African wife, Vanessa, met amazing friends in church and were surprised by their warmth and care.

“Through this we learned Swedish and had many wonderful Swedish experiences (sailing, meals, celebrations). Still very good friends,” he said.

Robert Blomstrand’s friends on a sailing trip to the Gothenburg archipelago. Photo: Private

Ioannis, based in southern Stockholm, said he met most of his friends through university or work and then made sure that the friendships were maintained after studies finished or work changed.

“Important first step was to accept that it is me, the one that has to make an effort. Then show interest in others, learn about who they are and how they are like. Share experiences with them, also offer help and support and ask for help and support. Independence and individualism can be an obstacle in creating social bonds. Make the effort, without expecting same returns. Give it time.”

“I believe that if you want a friend, you have to be a friend first,” said Jeremiah from the US. “My friends are people who were willing to invest in a building a relationship because they didn’t have them locally. We connected over the shared experience of being displaced and learning how to adult again. The connections grew because we had other shared interests, were willing to spend more time together, and were willing to help each other.”

“Focus on finding people who like doing things that you enjoy, like going to museums, movies, etc,” said a Stockholm-based reader, who made friends with his colleague after inviting him to a drag show at the Abba Museum.

“It’s so much easier to make friends during the things you like. Like any relationship, don’t try and rush it,” he added. “Just continue to reach out for times to hang out, and be OK with them not always saying yes the first time. We’re all busy. I also found it easier to make friends with folks, particularly Swedes, who weren’t from Stockholm (or whatever city you’re living in) as they generally have smaller networks/ open to make new friends in Stockholm.

Several readers expressed sadness that they hadn’t made any Swedish friends and that all their friends were fellow foreigners.

“I made friends through work (international company) and from my country of origin. I don’t have any Swedish friends even though I have been living in Stockholm for 15 years,” said a Colombian reader.

Some readers, however, argued that it isn’t necessarily strange, or a negative, that foreigners end up with foreigners, as you share similar experiences. Having a community with people you feel close to and have something in common with matters more than who they are.

“Close friendships are built because you share some experiences in life. I was an immigrant in Sweden, hence like all immigrants in Sweden I faced many issues time after time, for example issues related to visa or bank accounts,” said the Pakistani reader from the start of the article. “It is much easier to connect with people when you share similar issues. Don’t be afraid to talk about your experiences. This helps to bring us closer.”

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