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Switzerland under renewed pressure to allow weapons exports to Ukraine

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said he hoped Bern would drop its longstanding opposition to sending Swiss-made weapons to Ukraine to refill depleted stocks.

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz (SPD) receives Alain Berset
German Chancellor Olaf Scholz (SPD) receives Alain Berset, Federal President of the Swiss Confederation, in front of the German Chancellery in Berlin with military honours. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Kay Nietfeld

“We know that Ukraine needs support with weapons and munitions and therefore there have been several requests from Germany”, Scholz said in a press conference on Tuesday alongside his Swiss counterpart Alain Berset.

“We have acknowledged the decisions taken so far and are following the very lively debate in Switzerland closely and hope that something happens there,” the chancellor said.

Despite pressure from Kyiv and its allies, Switzerland has so far refused to allow countries that hold Swiss-made weaponry to re-export it to the war-torn country.

READ ALSO: EXPLAINED: Why Switzerland’s neutrality has always been ‘malleable’

To date, it has rejected explicit requests from Germany, Spain and Denmark, pointing to its War Material Act, which bars all re-export if the recipient country is in an international armed conflict.

Several initiatives are underway in the Bern assembly towards relaxing the rules to make it possible for Swiss-made weaponry to be transferred by third countries to Ukraine.

The process towards a final decision, with debates between parliament and the government, followed by a probable referendum under Switzerland’s direct democracy system, is likely to take months.

“You cannot ask us to break our own laws” to allow weapons exports, said Berset, who currently holds Switzerland’s rotating one-year presidency, adding that the rules were “clear”.

There was however a “serious debate” in Switzerland around re-export, Berset, who has previously voiced his opposition to supplying weapons, said at the press conference.

The traditionally neutral country also had a “special role” to uphold as the seat of a number of international organisations, he said.

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UKRAINE

Switzerland to host Ukraine peace conference without Russian involvement

The Swiss government on Wednesday announced that it would host a high-level peace conference for Ukraine in mid-June, but said Russia would not attend.

Switzerland to host Ukraine peace conference without Russian involvement

The conference will take place at the luxury Burgenstock resort near the central city of Luzern on June 15th -16th and would be hosted by Swiss President Viola Amherd.

“This is a first step in a process towards a lasting peace,” she told reporters in Bern.

Russia quickly slammed the planned conference and Amherd acknowledged that “we will not sign a peace plan at this conference”, but said she hoped “there will be a second conference”.

“We hope to start the process.”

Russia, which invaded Ukraine in February 2022 and is putting Ukrainian forces under new pressure, condemned the event as being part of a scheme by US President Joe Biden’s Democratic Party ahead of this year’s presidential election.

“American Democrats, who need photos and videos of events that supposedly indicate their project ‘Ukraine’ is still afloat, are behind this,” the state-run TASS news agency quoted foreign ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova as saying.

Switzerland hopes to get Russia into later talks.

The government said in January, during a visit by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, that it wanted to organise a peace conference this year.

‘Support for peace’

The government said in a statement Wednesday that it “took note of the results of the exploratory phase of the high-level conference on peace in Ukraine”.

It determined that “there is currently sufficient international support for a high-level conference to launch the peace process.”

In January, Zelensky spoke of a “summit” without any Russian participation.

But traditionally neutral Switzerland wants to find a way to bring the Kremlin into the talks, and has been battling to attract China and other emerging powers.

Swiss Foreign Minister Ignazio Cassis also tried to woo Moscow, meeting with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov in New York in January.

Russia, angered by the Swiss decision to follow the neighbouring European Union in imposing sanctions, has charged the country can no longer be considered neutral.

On Wednesday, Cassis acknowledged Russia’s absence from the table but stressed that the aim was to include Moscow in future talks.

“A peace process cannot happen without Russia, even though it will not be there during the first meeting,” he said.

Since deciding that it wanted to host a conference, the Swiss government said it had been “in direct contact with numerous states to explore options for initiating a peace process”.

Switzerland had held talks with G7 member states, the EU and representatives of the Global South, including China, India, South Africa and Brazil, it said.

Bern did not disclose who would be attending, but Swiss media reports said US President Joe Biden would be on the list.

The conference will be aimed at establishing “a forum for a high-level dialogue on ways to achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting peace for Ukraine in accordance with international law and the UN Charter,” the government said.

“It aims to create a common understanding of a framework favourable to this objective and a concrete roadmap for Russia’s participation in the peace process.”

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