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INTEGRATION

Danish residency laws under scrutiny after child deportations

A series of reports in Danish media of children with foreign backgrounds who have faced deportations over immigration rules have resulted in pushback against current legislation.

Danish residency laws under scrutiny after child deportations
Minister for Immigration and Integration Inger Støjberg. File photo: AFP PHOTO / ALEX HALADA/Ritzau Scanpix

Reports of several children being forced to leave family, including parents, in Denmark as a result of rejected residency applications have emerged recently.

In one such recent report, newspaper BT was among media to bring to national attention the case of a 13-year-old girl from Thailand, Mint, who – until last week – lived with her mother and Danish stepfather and stepbrother in Køge near Copenhagen.

Mint, who moved to Denmark in 2017 and attended school at seventh grade, the normal level for her age, was refused permission to remain in the country due to not fulfilling Immigration Board (Udlændingenævnet) requirements over integration.

She has since been deported from Denmark and is now in Thailand with her mother.

“We as politicians have a responsibility not to make things difficult for those who want to be part of Denmark,” Mathias Tesfaye, immigration spokesperson with the opposition Social Democrats, said.

A change to Denmark’s Integration Law (Integrationsloven) in 2016 requires all children over the age of eight that move to Denmark to be assessed over their potential for integration before being granted residency.

Previous rules did not require such assessments in cases where a child’s parents were already living in Denmark and children followed them to the country within two years.

But the rule change has resulted in a number of decisions requiring apparently well-functioning children or teenagers, such as in the case of Mint, to leave Denmark, even though their parents or guardians have residency.

The anti-immigration, nationalist Danish People’s Party said it was satisfied with the current rules, but said it would be happy to see power to grant dispensation for individual cases given to the minister for immigration and parliament’s Committee for Immigration and Integration (Udlændinge- og Integrationsudvalg).

“There may be some cases in which the law has an undesired outcome, but that does not change the fact that we stand by this law,” the party’s immigration spokesperson Martin Henriksen said.

“But we will support the addition of a dispensation option,” Henriksen added.

Jacob Mark, spokesperson for immigration with Socialist People’s Party, a smaller party on the opposition left, said that the Integration Law as a whole should be reviewed.

“Good citizens” who speak Danish and have established an everyday life in Denmark should not be sent out of the country on the assumption they cannot integrate into society, Mark said.

“This latest case with Mint is one of many crazy examples. Of course she can integrate.

“That’s why the law must be thoroughly examined and reformed to make it more nuanced than it is today,” Mark said.

BT reports that immigration minister Inger Støjberg has so far declined to comment on Mint's case. Støjberg is reported to have responded to a written question submitted by Mark to the parliamentary integration committee that she had “confidence that the Immigration Agency and independent Immigration Board have carried out thorough assessment” of the case.

“I can certainly understand that the family in the case referred to… would have liked to see a different outcome,” Støjberg also said.

READ ALSO: 13-year-old deportation-threatened schoolgirl allowed to stay in Denmark

IMMIGRATION

How well have refugees integrated in Germany since 2015?

Five years after Chancellor Angela Merkel controversially opened Germany's doors to hundreds of thousands of migrants, studies show the newcomers have integrated relatively well, but room for progress remains.

How well have refugees integrated in Germany since 2015?
Famous archive photo shows Merkel posing for a selfie with a refugee in September 2015. Photo: DPA

Jobs

Around half of the nearly 900,000 asylum seekers who arrived in Germany in 2015, many from conflict-torn Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq, now have a job, according to Germany's Institute for Employment Research (IAB).

Migrants have been “rather successful” in finding employment in Europe's top economy, said IAB's migration expert Herbert Brücker.

READ ALSO: Five years on: How well did Germany handle the refugee crisis?

Many are working in hospitality, the security services, cleaning services and retirement homes, plugging gaps in Germany's labour market.

The pandemic has, however, slammed the brakes on the positive trend, Brücker said, with many working in sectors hardest-hit by virus restrictions and vulnerable to lay-offs.

A separate study by the DIW economic institute also concluded that the integration of Germany's newcomers was on the right track.

But it said more needed to be done to help find work for migrants with low education levels and for female migrants, who often have young children to look after.

READ ALSO: Integration in Germany: Half of refugees 'find jobs within five years'

Far-right anger

The influx of more than a million mainly Muslim asylum seekers in 2015-2016 deeply polarised Germany.

While some engaged in “welcome culture” and volunteered to help refugees, others railed against Merkel's liberal asylum policy.

READ ALSO: Merkel 'would do the same again' five years after Germany's refugee influx

Anger over a series of high-profile crimes committed by migrants helped fuel the rise of the far-right, anti-Islam Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, which in 2017 won its first seats in the national parliament.

The AfD's approval ratings have declined in recent months as the pandemic pushes the refugee debate into the background.

“Germans are generally less worried about immigration now, but migrants' concerns about racism have increased,” the DIW report found, noting that migrants tend to have little faith in law enforcement.

Language skills

For many migrants, learning German is the fastest road to acceptance into German society.

Just one percent of the refugees had good or very good knowledge of German upon arrival,” said the IAB's Brücker.

Today around half of them speak German relatively fluently while another one third speak the language “at a medium level”.

Brücker said it was important to ensure that coronavirus restrictions didn't hamper migrants' access to language classes and educational courses, because they are crucial to integration efforts.

Demographic shift

Looking ahead, Brücker said migrants would play an increasingly important role in Germany's economy as they help make up for a rapidly ageing population.

“We are in the middle of a demographic shift,” he said. Last year alone, the number of people of working age in Germany shrank by 340,000 year-on-year.

“This trend will increase once the 'baby boomers' start retiring,” Brücker said.

Given Germany's low birth rate, the only way to make up for the shortfall is through immigration, he added.

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