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TECHNOLOGY

Two Swiss cantons get the go-ahead for online voting

The Swiss government has given the green light to two cantons to resume online voting in time for the next set of referendums in September.

Two Swiss cantons get the go-ahead for online voting
A child casts her mother's ballot in Switzerland's last election. Photo: Fabrice Coffrini/AFP

The cantons of St Gallen and Aargau will be able to resume e-voting, joining six other cantons which already offer the system. Online voting was used previously in St Gallen and Aargau between 2010 and 2015, when the government banned the practice before that year's general election, due to security loopholes

During that time, both cantons used the Vote électronique system which involved a total of nine cantons before the government withdrew its authorization.

The Organization for Swiss Residents Abroad (OSE) at the time said the decision was “a blow” to its members, noting that overseas residents are the primary users of e-voting as postal votes “often arrive too late”.

READ ALSO: Ten things you need to know about the Swiss political system

Now, St Gallen and Aargau will use a system called CHVote, which was developed by Geneva and already in place in Bern, Lucerne, and Basel-City. In addition to those cantons, Fribourg and Neuchâtel also give voters the chance to cast their ballot online. 

Between 2010 and 2015, e-voting was an option for Swiss citizens abroad in St Gallen and Aargau, but the new system will also be opened up to some voters resident in Switzerland. Residents of five St Gallen municipalities will be eligible for online voting, the government said.

Switzerland has set itself an objective of allowing e-voting in two thirds of its 26 cantons by the time of the 2019 election, meaning it will have to double the current number in the next two years. 

In the last federal election in 2015, 30 percent of eligible voters, approximately 34,000 people, benefited from e-voting. Then, just four cantons were able to use the system, because of the security problems in the Vote électronique system.

In September's votes, more than 100,000 Swiss residents will be able to cast their votes online, as well as over 75,000 Swiss abroad.

READ ALSO: Valais investigates fraud claims in recent cantonal election

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POLITICS

Vital Swiss role as US-Iran go-between, as tensions soar

Washington and Tehran have not had diplomatic relations for decades, but before Iran's attack on Israel they had direct communications through "the Swiss channel".

Vital Swiss role as US-Iran go-between, as tensions soar

Switzerland represents US interests in Iran, and at times of soaring tensions its role as go- between takes on heightened importance.

The Swiss foreign ministry refused Monday to divulge what actions the country had taken in connection with Iran’s weekend attack on Israel.

But US and Iranian officials alluded to the important role Switzerland was playing as an intermediary.

As Washington engaged in whirlwind efforts prior to the attack to prepare for the expected violence, it sent “a series of direct communications through the Swiss channel”, a senior administration official told AFP.

Mohammad Bagheri, the Iranian armed forces’ chief of staff, was more explicit, telling state television that “we sent a message to America through the Swiss embassy that if it cooperates with Israel in their next potential actions, their bases will not be secure”.

 Maintaining relations 

Switzerland, renowned for its neutrality, has been representing US interests in Iran since Washington broke off relations with Tehran after the 1980 hostage crisis, a year after the Iranian revolution.

In its role as the so-called protecting power, Switzerland has for decades allowed the two feuding nations to maintain a minimum of diplomatic and consular relations.

The Swiss embassy in Tehran handles all consular affairs between the United States and Iran, including passport requests, altering civil status and consular protection for US citizens in Iran.

Under the protecting power mandate, Switzerland allows “states to maintain low-level relations and provide consular protection to nationals of the other state concerned”, the foreign ministry explains on its website.

“Switzerland can either offer to act as a go-between on its own initiative or can fulfil this function at the request of the parties concerned, provided that all those involved agree,” it added.

Switzerland has often had to play the go-between role.

The country has on several occasions in recent years mediated in prisoner exchanges between Iran and the United States.

Iran’s interests in the United States are meanwhile represented by Pakistan.

Switzerland also exercises a range of other protecting power mandates.

It represents Iran’s interests in Egypt and Canada.

And it represented Iran’s interests in Saudi Arabia for five years before the two countries resumed diplomatic relations last year.

Saudi has not yet formally terminated Switzerland’s protecting power mandate, so Bern still handles its consular services in Iran.

And until 2015, it represented US interests in Cuba and Cuban interests in the United States.

Switzerland first acted as a protecting power in the 19th century. It looked after the interests of the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Grand Duchy of Baden in France during the 1870-71 Franco- Prussian War.

During World War II, Switzerland’s neutral status paved the way for it to be the main protecting power, representing the interests of 35 states, including the major warring powers, with more than 200 individual mandates.

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