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FRANCOIS HOLLANDE

Mission accomplished? France’s 75 percent tax

It didn’t last long and was quietly binned, but now the French government suggests it was a case of mission accomplished when it comes to the contentious 75 percent tax rate on millionaires, given that it pulled in around €400 million for the tax man.

Mission accomplished? France's 75 percent tax
France's finance ministry suggests the 75 percent tax rate worked out just as planned. Photo: AFP

France’s budget minister revealed this week, the takings for the much-maligned 75 percent tax rate on millionaires, suggesting the figures show that their objective was achieved.

The 75 percent tax on millionaires was one of the stand-out promises of Francois Hollande’s 2012 presidential election campaign.

But Hollande, who famously declared the world of finance was his enemy, came in for a lot of stick for the tax, which critics said would discourage international investors and send French millionaires fleeing for the exits.

The tax was quietly ditched at the start of the year with many in France glad to see it go, including the government’s own ex-banker turned economy minister Emmanuel Macron, who famously said it would turn the country into “Cuba without the sun.”

But this week budget minister Christian Eckert suggested it had been a success, as he revealed how much the tax man benefitted.

“The 75 percent tax brought in €309 million in 2014 and will bring in €210 million in 2015," Eckert told Les Echos.

But once the final calculations are made the overall figure "should confirm planned targets of around €400 million in total,” Eckert said.

The 2014 budget bill estimated the tax would bring in around €420 million to boost state coffers.

While the tax made headlines around the world its scope was actually pretty narrow with only 470 companies having to pay the top tax rate for around 1,000 employees earning a salary of a million euros or more.

But whatever the tax receipts are, critics say France paid the price in other ways.

“The story of the 75 percent tax rate is not positive at all,” economist Eric Heyer, from the French Economic Observatory, told The Local.

"The effect of the tax rate on the public finances was only marginal and it had a negative impact on the image of France and its attractiveness,” Heyer said.

Others agreed: “The reform clearly damaged the reputation of France and its competitiveness,” Jorg Stegeman, director of headhunting firm Kennedy told the website Capital.fr.

A poll in early 2013 showed that although six out of 10 French voters supported the existence of a higher tax on the wealthy, only 21 percent thought it should be as high as the 75 percent proposed by the government.

And it continued to spark opposition from all walks of life. Most famously actor Gerard Depardieu quit France for either Belgium or Russia because of the high taxes, before later denying it. 

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Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark’s employment allowance?

Denmark's government may soon announce changes to its tax reform plans, which will give all wage earners a bigger employment allowance. What is this and how will it affect foreigners' earnings?

Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark's employment allowance?

What is the employment allowance? 

The Beskæftigelsesfradraget (from beskæftigelse, meaning employment, and fradrag, meaning rebate) was brought in by the centre-right Liberal Party back in 2004, the idea being that it would incentivise people to get off welfare and into a job.

Everyone whose employer pays Denmark’s 8 percent AM-bidrag, or arbejdsmarkedsbidrag, automatically receives beskæftigelsesfradraget. Unlike with some of Denmark’s tax rebates, there is no need to apply. The Danish Tax Agency simply exempts the first portion of your earnings from income taxes. 

In 2022, beskæftigelsesfradraget was set at 10.65 percent of income with a maximum rebate of 44,800 kroner. 

How did the government agree to change the employment allowance in its coalition deal? 

In Responsibility for Denmark, the coalition agreement between the Social Democrats, the Liberals and the Moderate Party, the new government said it would set aside 5 billion kroner for tax reforms.

Of this, 4 billion kroner was earmarked for increasing the employment allowance, with a further 0.3 billion going towards increasing an additional employment allowance for single parents.

According to the public broadcaster DR, the expectation was that this would increase the standard employment  allowance to 12.75 percent up to a maximum rebate of 53,600 kroner. 

How might this be further increased, according to Børsen? 

According to a report in the Børsen newspaper, the government now plans to set aside a further 1.75 billion kroner for tax reforms, of which nearly half — about 800 million kroner — will go towards a further increase to the employment allowance. 

The Danish Chamber of Commerce earlier this month released an analysis in which it argued that by raising removing all limits on the rebate for single parents and raising the maximum rebate for everone else by 20,300 kroner, the government could increase the labour supply by 4,850 people, more than double the 1,500 envisaged in the government agreement. 

According to the Børsen, the government estimates that its new extended allowance will increase the labour supply by 5,150 people.  

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