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German economy beats 2014 growth predictions

The German economy, Europe's biggest, shrugged off global weakness to expand by a solid 1.5 percent in 2014, and could see growth accelerate this year, analysts said on Thursday.

German economy beats 2014 growth predictions
Work at the Porsche factory in Leipzig. Photo: DPA

According to a flash estimate by the federal statistics office Destatis, German gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 1.5 percent last year, beating the government's projection of 1.2 percent and a sharp improvement over the 0.1 percent growth seen in 2013.

The country's finances were also healthy, with the overall public budget showing a surplus equivalent to 0.4 percent of GDP, the statisticians said.

"On the whole, the German economy turned out to be stable … in 2014," they said in a statement.

GDP growth was "above the average of the last 10 years of 1.2 percent," they added.

"Obviously, the German economy turned out to be strong in a difficult global economic environment, benefiting especially from a strong domestic demand," Destatis chief Roderich Egeler told a news conference.

Following a dynamic start to the year and a subsequent period of weakness in the summer, "the economic situation had stabilized towards the end of 2014," Egeler said.

GDP expanded by "around a quarter of a percentage point" in the final three months of the year, said Destatis economist Norbert Raeth.

A more detailed estimate of fourth-quarter GDP data is scheduled to be released in mid-February.

 'Continued strengthening' 

Overall growth was driven by rising exports, increased consumer and public spending and a rebound in investment, the preliminary data showed.

And that could pave the way for increased momentum this year, the government said.

"At the end of last year, the economy returned to a modest recovery. And overall the signals point to a continued strengthening," the economy ministry said

Currently, the government is pencilling in growth of 1.3 percent, but now looks likely to upgrade its forecast.

Economy Minister Sigmar Gabriel is scheduled to reveal his updated projections at the end of the month.

ING DiBa economist Carsten Brzeski said that during the course of last year, the German economy had been hit by geopolitical conflicts.

"However, under the surface … the economic success story continued as unemployment remained low, employment reached a new record high and private consumption turned out to be an important growth driver," Brzeski said.

Berenberg Bank economist Christian Schulz agreed.

"After two years of near-stagnation, German GDP recorded a first sizeable increase as the economy shook off the confidence shock of the 2010-2012 euro crisis," he said.

The robust labour market "remains the key strength. As a result, consumption is increasingly becoming the key pillar of economic growth," he said.

And the country's strong fiscal position, the buoyant labour market, low inflation, the sharp drop in oil prices, the lower euro and the monetary easing by the European Central Bank "provide plenty of reasons to be optimistic," the expert continued.

"We expect the German economy to gradually pick up speed throughout 2015 and reach trend growth rates of around two percent annualized in the second half of the year," he concluded.

Weaker oil prices and weaker euro

Commerzbank economist Jörg Krämer said the drop in oil prices and the euro's weakening against the dollar "are giving the German economy a considerable boost. We see upside risks for our 2015 growth forecast of 1.1 percent.

UniCredit economist Andreas Rees said he was sticking to his forecast of 1.4 percent in 2015 "with the first signs of acceleration already in the first quarter."

But Postbank economist Heinrich Bayer was more cautious.

"The very presentable annual figure is no cause to sit back on our laurels," he said.

"Given the somewhat weak starting point at the start of the year, full-year growth is hardly likely to match last year's. We're pencilling in growth of just 1.0 percent," Bayer concluded.

SEE ALSO: Schäuble gets his balanced budget early

 

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ECONOMY

How is Denmark’s economy handling inflation and rate rises?

Denmark's economy is now expected to avoid a recession in the coming years, with fewer people losing their jobs than expected, despite high levels of inflation and rising interest rates, The Danish Economic Council has said in a new report.

How is Denmark's economy handling inflation and rate rises?

The council, led by four university economics professors commonly referred to as “the wise men” or vismænd in Denmark, gave a much rosier picture of Denmark’s economy in its spring report, published on Tuesday, than it did in its autumn report last year. 

“We, like many others, are surprised by how employment continues to rise despite inflation and higher interest rates,” the chair or ‘chief wise man’,  Carl-Johan Dalgaard, said in a press release.

“A significant drop in energy prices and a very positive development in exports mean that things have gone better than feared, and as it looks now, the slowdown will therefore be more subdued than we estimated in the autumn.”

In the English summary of its report, the council noted that in the autumn, market expectations were that energy prices would remain at a high level, with “a real concern for energy supply shortages in the winter of 2022/23”.

That the slowdown has been more subdued, it continued was largely due to a significant drop in energy prices compared to the levels seen in late summer 2022, and compared to the market expectations for 2023.  

The council now expects Denmark’s GDP growth to slow to 1 percent in 2023 rather than for the economy to shrink by 0.2 percent, as it predicted in the autumn. 

In 2024, it expects the growth rate to remain the same as in 2003, with another year of 1 percent GDP growth. In its autumn report it expected weaker growth of 0.6 percent in 2024.

What is the outlook for employment? 

In the autumn, the expert group estimated that employment in Denmark would decrease by 100,000 people towards the end of the 2023, with employment in 2024  about 1 percent below the estimated structural level. 

Now, instead, it expects employment will fall by just 50,000 people by 2025.

What does the expert group’s outlook mean for interest rates and government spending? 

Denmark’s finance minister Nikolai Wammen came in for some gentle criticism, with the experts judging that “the 2023 Finance Act, which was adopted in May, should have been tighter”.  The current government’s fiscal policy, it concludes “has not contributed to countering domestic inflationary pressures”. 

The experts expect inflation to stay above 2 percent in 2023 and 2024 and not to fall below 2 percent until 2025. 

If the government decides to follow the council’s advice, the budget in 2024 will have to be at least as tight, if not tighter than that of 2023. 

“Fiscal policy in 2024 should not contribute to increasing demand pressure, rather the opposite,” they write. 

The council also questioned the evidence justifying abolishing the Great Prayer Day holiday, which Denmark’s government has claimed will permanently increase the labour supply by 8,500 full time workers. 

“The council assumes that the abolition of Great Prayer Day will have a short-term positive effect on the labour supply, while there is no evidence of a long-term effect.” 

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