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MILITARY

Spanish hero named honorary US citizen

More than two centuries after his death, Spanish military leader and politician Bernardo de Gálvez (1746—1786) has been made an honorary citizen of the United States for his efforts in fighting for American independence.

Spanish hero named honorary US citizen
Spanish military leader Bernardo de Gálvez gave his name to the Texan city of Galveston. GifTagger / Wikimedia

The United States Congress and Senate approved the motion recently and on Tuesday December 9th a painting of Gálvez, who gave his name to the Texan city of Galveston, was hung in the Capitol in recognition of his labour.

The legislative text which sought to bestow Gálvez this posthumous honour was sponsored by two Republican Congressmen, Representative Jeff Miller (Florida) and Senator Marco Rubio (Florida), who said that Gálvez "was a hero of the American War of Independence for risking his life for the freedom of the American people".

The Spanish military hero "played an integral role in the American War of Independence and helped secure the independence of the United States of America", according to the text, cited by Spanish news site Libertad Digital.

The military leader, who served as Colonial governor of Louisiana and later Viceroy of New Spain (which included parts of Florida) aided the American Thirteen Colonies and led Spanish forces against Britain, defeating Britain in the Siege of Pensacola (1781) in which he also reclaimed Florida for Spain.

Spanish Ambassador to the United States, Ramón Gil-Casares, told reporters that granting a Spanish military figure such an honourary title was "absolutely exceptional" because there has only ever been "six previous cases" in the United States.

"This country would have gained its independence 20 years later if it had not been for Bernardo de Gálvez", said the Spanish Ambassador, who praised that “Spain’s contribution to the American War of Independence was being acknowledged”.

The legislation only lacks one thing: the signature of President Barack Obama, who will see no reason to say no, according to Ambassaor Gil-Casares.

To highlight the important role of this Spanish figure in North American history, the Spanish Embassy is planning to organize, among other initiatives "a huge exhibition" and in 2016 a conference on "the Spanish presence in the independence of the United States with Bernardo de Gálvez at the head".

After learning of the honour to be bestowed on Gálvez, the Hispanic Council, a think tank with offices in Washington D.C. and Madrid stressed that the honourary title was "the highest recognition that a foreigner can receive".

The tribute is "an excellent example of the opportunity for Spain to take advantage of shared history with the United States to strengthen relations between the two countries," said the director of the Hispanic Council, Daniel Ureña, in a statement.

According to Ureña, that opportunity will be particularly significant in 2015, when "the 450th anniversary of the founding of St. Augustine, Florida, will be held". The city, founded by Spain in 1565, is the US’s oldest continuously populated, European-established city.

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NATO

Erdogan links Swedish Nato approval to Turkish EU membership

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Monday he would back Sweden's Nato candidacy if the European Union resumes long-stalled membership talks with Ankara.

Erdogan links Swedish Nato approval to Turkish EU membership

“First, open the way to Turkey’s membership of the European Union, and then we will open it for Sweden, just as we had opened it for Finland,” Erdogan told a televised media appearance, before departing for the NATO summit in Lithuania.

Erdogan said “this is what I told” US President Joe Biden when the two leaders spoke by phone on Sunday.

Turkey first applied to be a member of the European Economic Community — a predecessor to the EU — in 1987. It became an EU candidate country in 1999 and formally launched membership negotiations with the bloc in 2005.

The talks stalled in 2016 over European concerns about Turkish human rights violations.

“I would like to underline one reality. Turkey has been waiting at the EU’s front door for 50 years,” Erdogan said. “Almost all the NATO members are EU members. I now am addressing these countries, which are making Turkey wait for more than 50 years, and I will address them again in Vilnius.”

Sweden’s prime minister, Ulf Kristersson, is due to meet Erdogan at 5pm on Monday in a last ditch attempt to win approval for the country’s Nato bid ahead of Nato’s summit in Vilnius on July 11th and 12th. 

Turkey has previously explained its refusal to back Swedish membership as motivated by the country’s harbouring of people connected to the PKK, a Kurdish terrorist group, and the Gülen movement, who Erdogan blames for an attempted coup in 2016. 

More recently, he has criticised Sweden’s willingness to allow pro-Kurdish groups to protest in Swedish cities and allow anti-Islamic protesters to burn copies of the Quran, the holy book of Islam.

In a sign of the likely reaction of counties which are members both of Nato and the EU, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said that the two issues should not be connected. 

“Sweden meets all the requirements for Nato membership,” Scholz told reporters in Berlin. “The other question is one that is not connected with it and that is why I do not think it should be seen as a connected issue.”

Malena Britz, Associate Professor in Political Science at the Swedish Defence University, told public broadcaster SVT that Erdogan’s new gambit will have caught Sweden’s negotiators, the EU, and even Nato Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg off guard. 

“I think both the member states and Stoltenberg had expected this to be about Nato and not about what the EU is getting up to,” she said. “That’s not something Nato even has any control over. If Erdogan sticks to the idea that Turkey isn’t going to let Sweden into Nato until Turkey’s EU membership talks start again, then Sweden and Nato will need to think about another solution.” 

Aras Lindh, a Turkey expert at the Swedish Institute of Foreign Affairs, agreed that the move had taken Nato by surprise. 

“This came suddenly. I find it hard to believe that anything like this will become reality, although there could possibly be some sort of joint statement from the EU countries. I don’t think that any of the EU countries which are also Nato members were prepared for this issue.”

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