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EUROPE

French public mood turns sour towards EU

The mood of the French public towards the EU has soured dramatically in recent months, results of a new poll revealed on Tuesday. In fact, the French are growing more negative towards Europe than citizens of any other of the big member states.

French public mood turns sour towards EU
France and Europe - no longer best of friends. Photo: Simone Ramellla

French support for Europe and EU integration has taken a big hit over the last year as the country’s economy has ground to a halt and unemployment has reached record levels.

According to a new study from the Pew Research Centre entitled "A European Malaise", the attitude of the French towards the EU has darkened more than in any other of the big member states, including traditionally eurosceptic Britain.

Although pro-EU feelings are dwindling right across Europe, attitudes are changing more quickly and drastically in France than anywhere else.

“No European country is becoming more dispirited and disillusioned faster than France. In just the past year, the public mood has soured dramatically across the board,” Pew Research's study concluded.

For some experts the negative attitude among the French towards Europe is not a big surprise.

"The French attitude towards the EU has been heading this way for the last 10 years. They have been under pressure to follow a German economic model that they don't want to imitate," Ulrike Guerot, from the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) told The Local.

"The centre of Europe has shifted towards Germany in recent years and the French felt like the Germans had all the advantages, like cheap labour around the corner. They had a moment of sulking and they are still there.

"France is a special country in terms of culture and traditions. Other European countries have adapted more quickly to globalisation whereas France is still battling to keep its social and economic culture.

"There is also this feeling of being a 'Grand Nation' which countries like Italy and Spain do not have," Guerot added.

And the reasons for the dramatic cooling in the relationship between the French and the EU?

Chiefly the state of the French economy, seen by the fact that 91 percent say it is struggling, up 10 percentage points since 2012.

The French are also negative about their leader, with 67 percent believing President François Hollande is doing a poor job at managing the country and the problems posed by the financial crisis.

Worryingly for Hollande, that 67 percent figure is 24 percentage points higher than it was for his predecessor Nicolas Sarkozy in 2012.

And the French clearly no longer see Europe as the answer to their woes, with 77 percent believing European economic integration has made things worse for the country – an increase of 14 points on last year.

According to the poll, as many as 58 percent of the French now have a bad impression of the European Union as an institution – which is an 18 point rise from 2012.

What stands out about French attitudes towards Europe is the contrast to those of their neighbours in Germany, which is the only country in which at least half of the public agree to giving more powers to Brussels.

In fact, the French public’s view of the EU is now more aligned with that of southern European countries like Spain and Italy than Europe’s powerhouse Germany.

“The French share similar worries about inflation and unemployment with the Spanish, the Italians and the Greeks at levels of concern not held by the Germans,” the Pew Research report concluded.

With negativity clearly on the increase could we see France one day holding a referendum on leaving the EU, as has been proposed in Britain.

"France is always good for a surprise," said ECFR's Guerot. "And its political system is more fragmented than in other countries,"  "You have the populism of the far right's Le Pen and the left's Jean-Luc Melenchon. The opposition UMP is in free fall and the Socialists cannot get their act together. This is all part of France's problem."

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BREXIT

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

The EU has drawn up plans to make it easier for non-EU citizens to gain longterm EU residency so they can move more easily around the bloc, but Italy-based citizens' rights campaigner Clarissa Killwick says Brits who moved to the EU before Brexit are already losing out.

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

With all the talk about the EU long-term residency permit and the proposed improvements there is no mention that UK citizens who are Withdrawal Agreement “beneficiaries” are currently being left out in the cold.

The European Commission has stated that we can hold multiple statuses including the EU long-term permit (Under a little-known EU law, third-country nationals can in theory acquire EU-wide long-term resident status if they have lived ‘legally’ in an EU country for at least five years) but in reality it is just not happening.

This effectively leaves Brits locked into their host countries while other third country nationals can enjoy some mobility rights. As yet, in Italy, it is literally a question of the computer saying no if someone tries to apply.

The lack of access to the EU long-term permit to pre-Brexit Brits is an EU-wide issue and has been flagged up to the European Commission but progress is very slow.

READ ALSO: EU government settle on rules for how non-EU citizens could move around Europe

My guess is that few UK nationals who already have permanent residency status under the Withdrawal Agreement are even aware of the extra mobility rights they could have with the EU long-term residency permit – or do not even realise they are two different things.

Perhaps there won’t be very large numbers clamouring for it but it is nothing short of discrimination not to make it accessible to British people who’ve built their lives in the EU.

They may have lost their status as EU citizens but nothing has changed concerning the contributions they make, both economically and socially.

An example of how Withdrawal Agreement Brits in Italy are losing out

My son, who has lived almost his whole life here, wanted to study in the Netherlands to improve his employment prospects.

Dutch universities grant home fees rather than international fees to holders of an EU long-term permit. The difference in fees for a Master’s, for example, is an eye-watering €18,000. He went through the application process, collecting the requisite documents, making the payments and waited many months for an appointment at the “questura”, (local immigration office).

On the day, it took some persuading before they agreed he should be able to apply but then the whole thing was stymied because the national computer system would not accept a UK national. I am in no doubt, incidentally, that had he been successful he would have had to hand in his WA  “carta di soggiorno”.

This was back in February 2022 and nothing has budged since then. In the meantime, it is a question of pay up or give up for any students in the same boat as my son. There is, in fact, a very high take up of the EU long-term permit in Italy so my son’s non-EU contemporaries do not face this barrier.

Long-term permit: The EU’s plan to make freedom of movement easier for non- EU nationals 

Completing his studies was stalled by a year until finally his Italian citizenship came through after waiting over 5 years.  I also meet working adults in Italy with the EU long-term permit who use it for work purposes, such as in Belgium and Germany, and for family reunification.  

Withdrawal agreement card should double up as EU long-term residency permit

A statement that Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries should be able to hold multiple statuses is not that easy to find. You have to scroll quite far down the page on the European Commission’s website to find a link to an explanatory document. It has been languishing there since March 2022 but so far not proved very useful.

It has been pointed out to the Commission that the document needs to be multilingual not just in English and “branded” as an official communication from the Commission so it can be used as a stand-alone. But having an official document you can wave at the immigration authorities is going to get you nowhere if Member State governments haven’t acknowledged that WA beneficiaries can hold multiple statuses and issue clear guidance and make sure systems are modified accordingly.

I can appreciate this is no mean feat in countries where they do not usually allow multiple statuses or, even if they do, issue more than one residency card. Of course, other statuses we should be able to hold are not confined to EU long-term residency, they should include the EU Blue Card, dual nationality, family member of an EU citizen…

Personally, I do think people should be up in arms about this. The UK and EU negotiated an agreement which not only removed our freedom of movement as EU citizens, it also failed to automatically give us equal mobility rights to other third country nationals. We are now neither one thing nor the other.

It would seem the only favour the Withdrawal Agreement did us was we didn’t have to go out and come back in again! Brits who follow us, fortunate enough to get a visa, may well pip us at the post being able to apply for EU long-term residency as clearly defined non-EU citizens.

I have been bringing this issue to the attention of the embassy in Rome, FCDO and the European Commission for three years now. I hope we will see some movement soon.

Finally, there should be no dragging of heels assuming we will all take citizenship of our host countries. Actually, we shouldn’t have to, my son was fortunate, even though it took a long time. Others may not meet the requirements or wish to give up their UK citizenship in countries which do not permit dual nationality.  

Bureaucratic challenges may seem almost insurmountable but why not simply allow our Withdrawal Agreement permanent card to double up as the EU long-term residency permit.

Clarissa Killwick,

Since 2016, Clarissa has been a citizens’ rights campaigner and advocate with the pan-European group, Brexpats – Hear Our Voice.
She is co-founder and co-admin of the FB group in Italy, Beyond Brexit – UK citizens in Italy.

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