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BOSTON

Reinfeldt breaks silence on Boston bombing

Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt commented on the Boston Marathon bombings for the first time on Wednesday, admitting it is "impossible" to completely prevent such attacks, either in Sweden or the United States.

Reinfeldt breaks silence on Boston bombing

“One should be aware that increasingly stringent controls come at the expense of people’s freedom,” Reinfeldt said during a visit to a company in Gävle in eastern Sweden, according to the Aftonbladet newspaper.

“This is perhaps the highest price we pay for the open society that gives us freedom and mobility that I think people take for granted and feel is too valuable to forego.”

Reinfeldt called Monday’s blasts in Boston, which left at least three dead and injured more than 170 people, “totally reckless”, adding however that it’s often impossible to track people committed to expressing their “hate of society” through violent acts.

The prime minister made reference to Stockholm suicide bomber Taimour Abdulwahab, who blew himself up on a busy street in the middle of the holiday shopping rush in December 2010, as an example of how difficult it can be to understand an attacker’s motives ahead of time.

“When we learned who he was and what the background was, that showed how complicated it is to find these people,” said Reinfeldt.

“One experience is that it often involves specific individuals who develop their ideas and hate of society largely in isolation. We can’t control that completely but we can learn from it. That’s why it’s so important that those in the United States find who did this and from that we can built up an analysis in order to increase our resilience.”

On Wednesday, it also emerged that the bombs used in the Boston attack appeared to be made from pressure cookers packed with bits of metal, a bomb design reminiscent of the one used by Abdulwahab in 2010.

There is nothing to indicate any connection between the Stockholm and Boston attacks, but according to Swedish terrorism expert Lars Nicander, the pressure cooker bombs may have been used in both incidents because they are the “simplest way to make a bomb”.

While expressing his horror over the Boston bombing, Reinfeldt added he was sceptical about the whether simply implementing more stringent security measures would help prevent future attacks.

“I don’t think we should imagine that we have complete protection, because that is in some ways connected to our choice to live in an open society,” he said.

“The alternative would be keeping an eye on citizens in every situation. I don’t think anyone wants that.”

The Local/dl

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WAR

Germans urged to ‘defend democracy’ 75 years after Dresden WWII bombing

President Frank-Walter Steinmeier urged Germans to "defend democracy" on the 75th anniversary of the destruction of Dresden in World War II on Thursday, as the emboldened far right rattles the political establishment.

Germans urged to 'defend democracy' 75 years after Dresden WWII bombing
Photo: DPA

The anniversary has a complex legacy in Germany, where right-wing extremists have long inflated the number of people killed in the Allied air raids in a bid to play down the Nazis' crimes.

In a speech at Dresden's Palace of Culture, Steinmeier sought to strike a balance between remembering the 25,000 victims, while stressing Germany's responsibility for the war.

Steinmeier warned against the “political forces” that sought to “manipulate history and abuse it like a weapon”.

“Let's work together for a commemoration that focuses on the suffering of the victims and the bereaved, but also asks about the reasons for this suffering,” he told an audience that included Britain's Prince Edward.

Steinmeier later joined thousands of residents in forming a human chain of “peace and tolerance”.

As in past years, neo-Nazis were gathering in Dresden to hold “funeral marches” for the dead. The far-right AfD party meanwhile set up an information booth to tell the supposed “truth” about the bombings and demand a grander memorial for the victims.

READ ALSO: Germany remembers 75 years since Dresden's destruction

A candle being lit for victims of the Dresden bombing. Photo: DPA

Martyrdom

Hundreds of British and American planes pounded Dresden with conventional and incendiary explosives from February 13-15 in 1945.

Historians have calculated that the ensuing firestorm killed some 25,000 people, leaving the baroque city known as “Florence on the Elbe” in ruins, and wiping out its historic centre.

The devastation came to symbolise the horrors of war, much like the heavily bombed city of Coventry in England.

But in Germany, Dresden also became a focal point for neo-Nazis who gave the city a martyrdom status that experts say is belied by historical facts.

READ ALSO: 'Heal the wounds of history': Dresden and twin city remember 75 years since bombing

“The myth of the 'city of innocence' lives on,” the regional Sächsische Zeitung daily wrote.

This year's anniversary is especially charged as Germany reels from a political scandal that erupted in neighbouring Thuringia state last week, where an AfD-backed candidate was elected state premier for the first time.

Although he swiftly resigned, the drama marked a coup for the AfD – laying bare the struggle of mainstream parties to maintain the firewall against a party that has called for Germany to stop atoning for its Nazi past.

In a nod to the Thuringia debacle, Steinmeier warned of vigilance against politicians trying “to destroy democracy from within.

“There is a clear border between a liberal democracy,” he said, “and authoritarian, nationalist politics”.

“We must all defend this border.”

President Frank-Walter Steinmeier on Thursday. Photo: DPA

Inflated figures

Some observers have questioned whether the indiscriminate bombing of Dresden was justified so late in the war, an argument hijacked by neo-Nazis eager to shift the focus onto atrocities committed by the victors of WWII.

The Allied forces however considered Dresden a legitimate target on the eastern front because of its transport links and factories supporting the German military machine.

In the immediate aftermath, Nazi propagandists claimed over 200,000 people had lost their lives in Dresden — but historical records showed early on they had simply added a zero to their estimates.

Yet right-wing extremists continue to cite wildly elevated tolls.

AfD co-leader Tino Chrupalla told Der Spiegel weekly that his grandmother and father recalled seeing “mountains of bodies” after the firebombing.

He said he believes the victims numbered “around 100,000”, prompting critics to accuse him of historical revisionism.

Founded just seven years ago, the anti-Islam, anti-immigrant Alternative for Germany (AfD) has risen to become the largest opposition party in the national parliament.

It is most popular in the country's former communist east. In Dresden's Saxony state, the AfD came second in regional polls last year.

Dresden bombing survivor Ursula Elsner, who was 14 when her mother dragged her to safety past burning buildings, told Spiegel she was tired of the anniversary being misused for political gain.

The 89-year-old wants the occasion to serve as a warning against war.

“This day belongs to us,” she said.

By Michelle Fitzpatrick

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