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Bank gave rate-fixer €80 million bonus in crisis

Deutsche Bank gave a former investment banker employee a record €80 million bonus at the same time as the financial crisis hit and managers were having to refuse extra money, it emerged on Wednesday.

Bank gave rate-fixer €80 million bonus in crisis
Deutsche Bank's ex-boss Josef Ackermann in 2008. Photo: DPA

Germany’s biggest lender awarded a €80 million bonus to investment banker Christian Bittar in 2009 for his work the previous year – the year the credit crunch hit banks worldwide and plunged global economies into lasting turmoil, wrote Stern magazine in a report due to be published on Thursday.

Not only is the extraordinary amount is unusual – €66 million more than the €14 million former bank head Josef Ackermann earned in his best year, including bonus – but also the timing.

The bank awarded the record sum in a year when its own management elected to forgo their own bonuses after chalking up losses of €2 billion in the crisis.

In the end the employee walked away with just €40 million, as he was fired before the bank had paid out the full amount, industry insiders told the magazine. It emerged Bittar had been involved in fixing Libor interest rates during and before the crisis and he was fired in 2011 during an internal investigation.

“After the bank established that a limited number of employees had acted inappropriately, it suspended or fired those employees,” a spokesman told the magazine.

All unpaid allocated bonuses had been retained and withheld until the end of investigations, said the bank, which has fired a total of seven bankers accused of having been involved in fixing Libor or Euribor interest rates in the past decade.

Last week state-owned British bank RBS was fined €454 million for the illegal practice, while Swiss bank UBS was charged €1.2 billion in December.

Bittar’s bonus, said the bank, had been calculated as a fixed percentage the €500 million of capital gains made by a banker, but are no longer worked out on these terms.

The news comes just weeks after reports that the bank, currently under investigation by the German Financial Supervisory Authority for rate fixing, would cap immediate bonus payouts this year at €300,000, up from a €200,000 last year.

The Local/jlb

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Cashless Switzerland: What is Twint and how does it work?

If you live in Switzerland, you are likely no stranger to Twint and maybe even use it regularly to make and receive payments. But if you are not familiar with this app, this is what you should know.

Twint app can be installed on a mobile phone.
“Twinting” money with a smartphone is easy and convenient. Photo by Andrea Piacquadio from Pexels

In Switzerland, the word “Twint” is used both as a noun and a verb.

As a noun, it describes the mobile application which allows you to pay for various goods and services practically everywhere in the country.

As a verb, (“to twint”), it means to send someone money, or receive it, via the same app.

So what exactly is Twint?

Simply put, it is digital cash (not to be confused with bitcoin, which is digital currency) that was first introduced in Switzerland in 2014 and has become very popular since then.

Twint logo. Image by Twint.ch

People like it because it is an easy and quick way to make instantaneous payments, especially in situations when credit cards or physical cash can’t be used.

A big part of its convenience is that it can be used at cash registers, vending machines and parking meters, as well as in online shops — pretty much everywhere in Switzerland, even in places that don’t accept credit cards.

The only similar mode of payment would be your maestro debit card issued by your bank.

This video explains exactly how the process works.

Another advantage of Twint is that you can use it to send money to someone else’s mobile phone — as long as they also have Twint. And you can receive money the same way.

And there are no fees or charges for this service.

How does Twint work?

Anyone can use Twint, but you need a Swiss bank account or a credit card and, of course, a smartphone.

According to Twint website, you need a smartphone with either an iOS (from version 12.2 and upwards) or Android (from version 7 and upwards) operating system and Bluetooth capability (from version 4.0 and upwards).

“It is generally not possible for Twint to be used on Apple devices with an operating system older than “iOS 12.2” or on Android devices with an operating system older than “Android 7”. On Android devices without access to the Google Play Store (e.g. on certain HUAWEI models), the use of Twint app is also not possible”.

But If you have a compatible phone, installing Twint is easy.

Swiss banks offer their own version of the app, and you can download it directly from your bank’s website.

Then, when you use Twint to make a payment, the amount is debited directly from your bank account or credit card.

By the same token, if you receive payment from another Twint user, the money is automatically deposited in your account.

And you are not limited to just one Twint app.

If you have accounts is several banks, or have more than one credit card, you can install and use all of them.

READ MORE: How to open a bank account in Switzerland

Can Twint be used to make payments and receive money from abroad?

For the moment, Twint can be used solely in Switzerland and payments can be made only in Swiss francs – although this may change in future. 

“We are, however, working closely with providers in other countries to develop an international and multi-currency solution”, according to Twint website.

You can find more information about Twint here.

READ MORE: Which bank is best for Americans in Switzerland?

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