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OIL

Current crisis positive for Europe: Norway oil fund

The current debt crisis should in the end be good for Europe since it will force the continent to adopt long-awaited reforms, the head of Norway's state pension fund said on Monday.

Current crisis positive for Europe: Norway oil fund
Oil fund manager Yngve Slyngstad

As a sign of its confidence in a European recovery, Norway's so-called oil fund — one of the biggest sovereign wealth funds in the world — is currently spending most of its cash flow of around €1 billion ($1.3 billion) a week on shares listed on stock exchanges across the continent, Yngve Slyngstad told reporters in Oslo.

"What is happening in Europe today is probably positive for the investors and probably also eventually for the whole continent," he said.

"It was a consensus five years ago that Europe was faced with enormous challenges and did have to change to a significant extent… There is no doubt that this crisis will lead to a number of changes," he pointed out.

According to Slyngstad, the current difficulties plaguing Europe are forcing leaders to realise the importance of a "vibrant" private sector and to take stock of demographic factors like ageing populations and their effect on pensions.

The Norwegian oil fund, which contains all state revenues from the country's massive oil and gas sector, is valued at nearly €400 billion and is Europe's biggest investor, holding 2.0 percent of the continent's total capitalisation.

The fund was created in the beginning of the 1990s to help finance Norway's generous welfare state system once the wells run dry, and is invested in equities and bonds, as well as real estate.

After taking a two-year break from its European stock purchases starting in mid-2009, the fund once again began buying stocks across the continent in August, taking advantage of the slumping market prices.

Since 2009, the fund has meanwhile dramatically reduced its exposure to bad debt by shrinking its bond holdings from the hardest-hit European countries — Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain — to less than €8 billion.

It also only holds around €100 million in bonds issued by the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), or just 0.7 percent of the bonds issued so far to help boost eurozone countries in trouble.

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OIL

NGOs take Norway to European Court over Arctic oil exploration

Two NGOs and six young climate activists have decided to take Norway to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to demand the cancellation of oil permits in the Arctic, Greenpeace announced on Tuesday.

NGOs take Norway to European Court over Arctic oil exploration
Northern Norway. Photo by Vidar Nordli-Mathisen on Unsplash.

It’s the latest turn in a legal tussle between environmental organisations Greenpeace and Young Friends of the Earth Norway on one side and the Norwegian state on the other.

The organisations are demanding the government cancel 10 oil exploration licenses in the Barents Sea awarded in 2016, arguing it was unconstitutional.

Referring to the Paris Agreement, which seeks to limit global warming to less than two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, the organisations claim that the oil licenses violated article 112 of Norway’s constitution, guaranteeing everyone the right to a healthy environment.”

The six activists, alongside Greenpeace Nordic and Young Friends of the Earth Norway, hope that the European Court of Human Rights will hear their case and find that Norway’s oil expansion is in breach of human rights,” Greenpeace said in a statement.

In December, Norway’s Supreme Court rejected the claim brought by the organisations, their third successive legal defeat.

READ MORE: Norway sees oil in its future despite IEA’s warnings 

While most of the judges on the court agreed that article 112 could be invoked if the state failed to meet its climate and environmental obligations– they did not think it was applicable in this case.

The court also held that the granting of oil permits was not contrary to the European Convention on Human Rights, in part because they did not represent “a real and immediate risk” to life and physical integrity.

“The young activists and the environmental organisations argue that this judgment was flawed, as it discounted the significance of their environmental constitutional rights and did not take into account an accurate assessment of the consequences of climate change for the coming generations,” Greenpeace said.

On Friday, the Norwegian government unveiled a white paper on the country’s energy future, which still includes oil exploration despite a warning from the International Energy Agency (IEA).

The IEA recently warned that all future fossil fuel projects must be scrapped if the world is to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.

The Norwegian case is an example of a global trend in which climate activists are increasingly turning to courts to pursue their agenda.

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