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How Denmark could copy Swedish model to make trains and buses cheaper

Longer journeys on public transport should be made cheaper, while shorter journeys should cost more, regional authorities in Denmark say.

How Denmark could copy Swedish model to make trains and buses cheaper
Regional authorities in Denmark want cheaper mid-distance buses. Photo: Søren Bidstrup/Ritzau ScanpixSøren Bidstrup/Ritzau Scanpix

Danske Regioner, the national body for regional administrations (Regioner) whose remit includes regional public transport, said in a press statement on Wednesday that a new model is favoured which would see fares adjusted in favour of longer trips.

This would be done by introducing a new fare scale inspired by a model used in southern Swedish region Skåne, the head of the Regions’ committee for development Anders G. Christensen told news wire Ritzau.

“It should be both easier and financially more attractive to choose public transport. Both for commuting to work and in your free time,” Christensen said.

Skåne’s public transport system uses three fare zones, which compares with the approximately 100 zones used across the Øresund in the Greater Copenhagen region alone.

A four-zone journey using the Rejsekort travel card costs 34 kroner in Greater Copenhagen, while a comparable trip in Skåne would set you back the equivalent of 19 Danish kroner. This equates to a 79 percent markup in Denmark according to the Danske Regioner press statement.

The cost of travel anywhere within Malmö is 31 Swedish kronor (around 20 kroner).

A “medium-distance” trip – for example from Copenhagen to Hillerød in northern Zealand —  would cost 64 kroner in Denmark and 35 kroner in Skåne, the regions say.

Journey searches conducted by The Local using Denmark’s and Skåne’s respective transport apps show that a fare from Copenhagen to Roskilde costs 58 kroner, while a comparable journey in Skåne from Malmö to Lund costs 58 Swedish kronor (38 Danish kroner).

A 30-day pendlerkort or commuter’s season ticket meanwhile costs 1,520 kroner in Greater Copenhagen and 580 (Danish) kroner in Skåne.

Lower prices in Skåne have helped to boost passenger numbers in the Swedish region, according to the press statement.

Several Danish regions have in recent years raised concerns over the viability of regional bus routes amid falling passenger numbers and increasing fuel prices.

READ ALSO: Denmark’s budget-hit buses could pause switch to green fuels

Regions therefore want to tackle this with the model reducing fares for longer distances while increasing the cost of shorter ones, Christensen said.

“Firstly, more expensive short trips would encourage more people to cycle or walk. That would result in less congestion in cities and improve public health,” he said.

“Secondly, cheaper longer journeys will make public transport in greater urban areas and outside of cities more competitive compared to driving,” he said.

The proposal from the regions will be submitted to an expert group appointed by the government. The remit of this group is to boost Danish public transport.

 

Member comments

  1. In a country where public transport prices should have a little red dot by it’s side, given how expensive they are (and exempt from VAT!) someone is saying that they want to make them cheaper! How? Well, a part of the solution is raising the price so that there’s less people using it. And of course the “public health” + “less congestion” is thrown our way too, just so you feel responsible/guilty for it. But hey, maybe 1520 dkk for a 30-day pendlerkort in København is not expensive enough, yet.

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TRAVEL NEWS

Do you really need to own a car living in Denmark?

Denmark is one of the most expensive countries in the world for owning a car, its public transport is one of the best, and if you want to cycle, it's mostly flat. There are few places where it makes more sense to ditch your car.

Do you really need to own a car living in Denmark?

The case against owning a car in Denmark

Denmark’s Vehicle Registration Tax, together with VAT, more than doubles the cost of buying a petrol or diesel car, making owning a car considerably more expensive in Denmark than in its neighbours Germany and Sweden, although electric cars that cost less than 436,000 kroner are currently tax-exempt.

If you use a car to commute into Copenhagen, Aarhus, or Odense, you will also often find yourself stuck in traffic jams, with the Danish Roads Directorate estimating that Danes lose 365,000 hours to traffic jams every weekday, with the Motorring 3 motorway circling Copenhagen, other major access roads to Copenhagen, the E20 south of Odense, and the E45 on either side of Aarhus the most congested roads in the country.

Parking can also be expensive in Danish cities, costing as much as 500 Danish kroner for 24 hours for non-residents. 

How easy is it to get around inside Danish cities without a car? 

Denmark is a cycling nation.

According to Visit Denmark, in 2022, 25 percent of all trips under five kilometers across Denmark were done by bike, and 16 percent of all journeys of any kind. 

Copenhagen’s aim is for fully half of all trips to work and education to be done on bike by 2025. In 2019, the city was already on 44 percent. It’s a similar situation for smaller cities like Aarhus, Odense, Vejle, Aalborg and Esbjørg.

But even if you can’t or don’t want to cycle, you can still get by in most places without a car, thanks to Denmark’s excellent public transport networks.

Public transport in Denmark has significantly improved only over the last five years, with several new metro lines and light rail systems opening. 

With the Cityringen (M3) and Harbour lines (M4) opening in 2019 and 2020, respectively the Copenhagen Metro can now get you to most places in the city. 

Denmark scrapped its city tram systems in the 1960s and 1970s, with cities like Aarhus and Odense instead shifting to buses for public transport.

There has recently been a recent revival, however, with Aarhus, Odense and Copenhagen all opening or building new tram/light rail systems.

Odense Letbane opened in 2022, making it easy to get to the out of town shopping area where IKEA and other superstores are based and also to the new hospital. Aarhus Letbane opened in 2017, and takes passengers all the way up the coast around the city, from Odder in the south to Grenaa in the north.

Copenhagen next year plans to open a light-rail system which will travel in a ring around the city’s outer suburbs linking Lundtofte in the north to Ishøj in the southwest. 

This will end one of the big drawbacks of the city’s “five finger” transport corridor plan: that while it is quick to travel from the outer suburbs to the centre and vice versa, it is complicated to travel between suburbs which are on a different transport corridors, for example from Albertslund to Herlev, or from Birkerød to Buddinge. 

Even before that opens, however, so long as you are only travelling in and out from the centre, it is extremely convenient to get from central Copenhagen to its suburbs and surrounding towns using the S-trains, which run from 5am until half-past midnight on weekdays, and all night on Fridays and Saturdays. 

This means you can eat out and party with your friends until the small hours, and still normally get back to Køge, Høje Taastrup, Frederikssund, Farum and Hillerød, the furthest out stops. 

Where might you struggle without a car? 

Plans for a light railway or tram between Vejle and Billund, or between the so-called Triangle Region between the cities of Vejle, Kolding and Fredericia have so far come to nothing, and even though the local and regional bus and train services can be good, it’s certainly tougher to survive without a car if you don’t live on Zealand, near Aarhus, or perhaps on Funen. 

Many people do in fact live without owning a car even in the more far-flung villages on Jutland, and on islands like Bornholm, Lolland and Falster.

They still manage to get everywhere they want to go, but it does require waiting. It’s certainly possible to live without a car, but you might feel limited in where to and when you can travel. 

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