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SELF-EMPLOYED

Do I have to register as self-employed in Spain if I only work a few hours?

What if you want to earn a bit of extra money on the side as a freelancer in Spain in order to make ends meet - Is this legal and do you have to officially register as self-employed even if it's only an odd job or for a few hours a month?

Do I have to register as self-employed in Spain if I only work a few hours?
Do I have to registered as self employed in Spain if I only work a few hours a week? Photo: Yan Krukau / Pexels

Wages in Spain are generally lower than most northern and western EU countries, and certainly less than in the UK or US.

To get around the problem, many believe they will be able to supplement their income in Spain by doing odd jobs such as teaching English, giving yoga classes, selling takeaway meals from their kitchens, or giving music lessons for example.

But is this actually legal – can you be self-employed for a few hours a week and do you have to register as autónomo?

Or perhaps you don’t have a job, maybe you stay at home and look after the kids or maybe you live at home with your parents or are a student you want to just make a little bit of money on the side, without having to fully register as self-employed or autónomo – is this legal?

READ ALSO: When exactly do I need to register as self-employed in Spain?

According to Spanish legislation “Any resident in Spain, whether Spanish or foreigner with a work permit, who is 18 years of age or older and, without an employment contract, wanting to carry out a habitual economic activity in Spain, regardless of the income generated by said activity, you are obliged to register”. 

This means that whether you also have a full-time job or not, if you want to do any regular freelance work on the side, such as giving classes every week then technically you need to register as self-employed, regardless of how much you make. 

According to the law, there’s no official way to just register as autónomo per hour or per class.

Registering as autónomo also means paying into the social security system. This starts at €200 a month for those earning less than €670 per month.

This means that if you’re charging €20 per hour for an English class and you just give two per week, you will be earning €160 per month.

READ ALSO: Will you pay more under Spain’s new social security rates for self-employed?

Technically under these rules, you should be paying €200 per month in social security fees, meaning you will actually be €40 out of pocket and won’t have earned any extra money at all.

Although they are not recognised in official Spanish law, there are however two ways that you may be able to get away with doing some freelance work and not registering as autónomo.

Earning below minimum wage

The first is for those who have income below the minimum wage. In 2023, this is €1,080 per month. If this is the case you will still have to declare personal income tax and VAT, but may be able to get away with not being registered with Social Security. In this way, you will be relying on the rulings of the Supreme or High courts.

READ ALSO – Do I have to register and pay tax if I earn below minimum wage?

The High Court rulings point out that obtaining earnings below the minimum wage may reveal that the work is not indeed being carried out regularly.

Obviously, if you have a regular job as well, most likely you will not be earning below the minimum wage. But, if you don’t already have another job and want to earn a small amount, as long as it’s below €1,080 per month, you may be able to get away with not registering.

Keep in mind, you may still be investigated and it will be up to the courts to decide if you’ve broken the law or not.

Joining a cooperative

The other option is to issue invoices through an Associated Work Cooperative. After joining a cooperative, they will be the ones who issue the invoices under their name and will charge you a small commission for doing so. The money will be paid directly to them and then forwarded to you. The cooperative as a whole is charged for social security, so you won’t have to pay the whole amount.

Keep in mind that you will still be paying personal income tax and VAT on your earnings, but may save on the high social security bills.

Although there are many cooperatives in Spain, they are not all legal and many have been investigated for fraud and their members hit with huge fines.

For example, Factoo Cooperative, has now gone bankrupt and some of the self-employed associates have been left without receiving payments. In addition, many were fined and had to pay all unpaid Social Security contributions, plus the corresponding interest.

Depending on what type of work you do, some companies or people may also not be comfortable paying into a cooperative and will only pay you under your own name.

For these reasons joining a cooperative is always at your own risk and may not actually end up saving you any money at all.

To be on the safe side, if you’re considering working as self-employed in Spain, even if for only a few hours a week, you should always consult a lawyer or tax expert first to see if what you’re doing is legal. 

Member comments

  1. This is why so many people work for cash under the table. A friend of mine does crafts. She sells a few things a year at craft fairs (Christmas ornaments and Christmas, little ceramic pumpkins at Halloween, etc.). She probably makes no more than €1000 a YEAR. She goes to the shows for fun and to have an outlet for her crafts. There is no category for someone like her.

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For members

WORKING IN SPAIN

The best paid jobs in Spain which don’t require a university degree

Traditional academic qualifications are no longer a guarantee of work or good pay. In fact, there are numerous jobs in Spain which don't require a university degree that pay handsomely.

The best paid jobs in Spain which don't require a university degree

While it’s true that for the majority of well-paid jobs in Spain, you do need a university degree, there are still several lucrative professions here that do not require any type of higher qualification. Here are the top 10 highest-paid jobs in Spain, according to a study by Spanish news site La Información.

Commercial airline pilot
A job as a pilot is a well-sought-after position, which is not only great for its earning potential, but also allows you to travel internationally too. You can earn anywhere from €60,000-100,000 per year and don’t need a degree, but you do need to take several courses and complete hours and hours of rigorous training and pass exams. 

READ ALSO: Which foreign nationals in Spain have the highest salaries? 

Air traffic controller
Air traffic controllers in Spain can earn anywhere from €33,000 to €100,000 a year and oversee air traffic at major airports across the country. All that is required is to complete an 18-month training course to obtain a licence. It’s also helpful to have excellent concentration skills, effective communication skills and quick decision-making abilities.

Events planner
Events planners obviously need to be highly organised, but can work in any type of environment from planning weddings to conferences and meetings for large corporations. For this type of career, you can earn anywhere up to €100,000 per year depending on what sector you work in. You don’t need an official degree but may need to take a course.

Estate agent
Whether you want to sell to other foreigners or work for a local company, selling property can be a very lucrative business, earning you between €25,000 and €70,000 annually, depending on commissions. You will need to take a real estate course to get your real estate agent licence. It’s helpful to be good at negotiating and have excellent people and sales skills.

Professional make-up artist
If you have a creative streak and love working with people, a career in the high-flying world of fashion and editorial shoots could be right up your street as a make-up artist. Your career could also take you to the worlds of theatre, films or even music. You will need to undertake a professional make-up course to get ahead but can earn anywhere from €18,000-50,000.

READ ALSO – Not English: The languages linked to high-paying jobs in Spain 

Airline cabin crew
Those who have the travel bug, are good with people and can speak multiple languages could become an air steward or stewardess for one of Spain’s big airlines. You must undertake a specific training course for cabin crew and can earn €20,000 – €46,000 per year.

Executive Assistant
Executive assistants for managers, CEOs and COOs can earn on average €31.718 per year in Spain. A degree isn’t necessary but you will need some type of administrative training or experience.

Oil rig workers
Oil rig workers perform a variety of tasks in oil and gas extraction. If you want to make this your career, yearly salaries are anywhere between €25,000 and €33,000. You don’t need a specific qualification, but you will need technical training provided by your employer. It’s important to have good physical fitness, be able to work in a team and have mechanical skills.

Vertical work technician

If you suffer from vertigo or are afraid of heights, this definitely isn’t the job for you. Vertical work technicians work at great heights, whether that’s fixing electricity lines and cables or washing windows of huge skyscrapers. Doing this type of job can earn you between €20-60 per hour in Spain. You don’t need a qualification but can work up to different levels depending on your experience. Level three technicians are paid the most.

SEO experts

If you have good computer and research skills, you may want to consider becoming an expert in Search Engine Optimisation, in order to help clients move their websites higher up the Google rankings or make sure that they’re found online by their desired customers. You can earn anywhere between €20,000-€30,000 a year and will need to have completed some type of course in SEO and digital marketing. It’s important that you have a deep understanding of internet algorithms.

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