Macron concerned over deposed Niger president Bazoum’s fate

French President Emmanuel Macron expressed Friday his "concern over the uncertain situation" facing Niger's deposed president Mohamed Bazoum.

Published: 21 October 2023 10:21 CEST

Macron concerned over deposed Niger president Bazoum's fate

A woman holds the image of ousted Niger President Mohamed Bazoum, 63, who has been held by coup plotters with his family in his official Niamey residence since July 26. Photo: STEFANO RELLANDINI/AFP.

Macron called “for his immediate release and that of his wife and son”, the presidency said in a statement. It reiterated “France’s determination to continue its efforts for the restoration of constitutional order in Niger”.

On Thursday evening, Niger’s military rulers claimed that Bazoum had “tried to escape”, which was denied by his lawyers.

Since he was toppled by the military on July 26, Bazoum had been held at his residence in the heart of the presidential palace along with his wife and son.

The escape plan involved getting to a hideout on the outskirts of the capital Niamey before taking helicopters “belonging to a foreign power” towards Nigeria, regime spokesman Amadou Abdramane said on state television.

The bid failed and “the main actors and some of the accomplices” were arrested, he added.

Bazoum, his wife and son are being “held incommunicado, without access to lawyers or the outside world”, Mohamed Seydou Diagne, coordinator of the collective, said in a statement sent to AFP in Abidjan.

On Friday, a doctor was refused access as he brought the family food, he added.

Being held “incommunicado”, the lawyer said, was “a new red line which has been crossed by a junta which continues to violate the fundamental rights of our client”.

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Cohabitation

The far-right Rassemblement National of three-time presidential candidate Marine Le Pen and current party leader Jordan Bardella are tipped to be the party with most seats after the second round on July 7th.

If the RN and its allies did secure a majority in the Assemblée Nationale – and current polling suggests this is doubtful – Macron would find himself in a “cohabitation“, in which the president and government are from opposing parties.

Post-war France has experienced three such forced marriages. All were between the left and the centre-right with the last from 1997-2002 between President Jacques Chirac and Socialist premier Lionel Jospin.

Cohabitation: What happens in France’s political ‘forced marriages’?

A cohabition between the Macron and his far-right arch-enemies would likely be a much unhappier affair.

While the far-right would be able to implement part of its domestic programme, on, for example, curtailing immigration, only the president can call a referendum or trigger a vote on constitutional changes.

The president, who usually sets foreign and defence policy, could also find his hands tied if the RN appointed nationalist defence and foreign ministers opposed to his worldview.

Coalition

France has spurned coalitions since the post-war 4th Republic (1946-1958) when the country went through 22 governments in 12 years.

Since losing his parliamentary majority in 2022, Macron has sought to cobble together alliances in parliament on a vote-by-vote basis or to force through legislation without a vote rather than form a pact with another party.

The RN or the left could try do the same if they fall short of a majority but a minority government of the far-right or left would likely fail to pass a vote of no confidence.

Aware of the risks, RN leader Bardella has said he will refuse to become prime minister unless he wins an outright majority.

Macron’s camp hopes that in the event of a hung parliament it could form a coalition with moderates of the left and right.

As part of its outreach to possible allies, Macron’s party has not entered candidates in 67 constituencies where centre-right or centre-left candidates are running.

But Macron has limited his options by putting the hard-left La France Insoumise (LFI) — the dominant force in the NFP — on a par with the far-right in what he calls the country’s “extremes”. He accuses LFI of anti-Semitism, which it rejects.

Caretaker government

Another option would be for Macron to appoint a technocratic non-partisan government which all parties could get behind.

Camille Bedock, a political scientist at the Emile Durckheim centre in Bordeaux, cites the example of Italy, where respected former European Central Bank chief Mario Draghi formed a national unity government in 2021 when Italy was in turmoil. It lasted a year-and-a-half.

Bedock said Macron could also decide to leave the current government headed by his party’s Gabriel Attal in place in a caretaker capacity for a year. He could then call new elections.

This would have the benefit of ensuring continuity through the Olympic Games (July 26th – August 11th) when the country will be under intense global scrutiny.

Whether the far-right or left would support such a move, which would effectively buy Macron time to try turn around his presidency, is highly uncertain.

Macron resigns

The most dramatic scenario would see Macron resign if faced with the prospect of being neutered by the far right or the hard left.

Le Pen, who is expected to try succeed Macron in 2027 presidential polls, has warned that he “will have no choice but to resign” in the event of a “political crisis”.

Macron has vowed to remain on office until the end of his second term in 2027, whatever the outcome.

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