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WORKING IN GERMANY

Reader question: Can I take sick leave in Germany without visiting a doctor?

As flu season gets into full swing again - coupled with more cases of Covid-19 - workers in Germany may find themselves unfit for the job. Can they simply call in sick, and for how long, without visiting a GP?

You have a runny nose, a relentless cough and absolutely no energy to drag yourself to a potentially full doctor’s surgery to wait on a note to be krankgeschrieben, or given sick leave.

But fear not: there are a few ways in which you can receive a sick note without having to set foot at the doctor’s in Germany. 

However you take sick leave, you’ll need to give your boss a Krankmeldung (notification of sickness) before the start of work on the first day.

But you only need to hand in a Krankschreibung (doctor’s note) on the fourth day (unless it’s written in your contract to submit it earlier). 

READ ALSO: Working in Germany: The 10 rules you need to know if you fall ill

Can I get a doctor’s note via a video call?

If your sickness can be assessed by video consultation, it’s possible that a doctor will grant you a sick note this way. However, this only ever applies to the initial sick note (Erstbescheinigung), and not any extensions, according to the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV).

If you’re a first time patient, you can receive a sick note for up to three days, whereas regular patients can receive one for up to seven days – a rule which also applies for in-person visits.

It is important to note, however, that you are not entitled to be on sick leave, with the doctor making the final decision. Many doctors can and will veto your request if it’s simply a matter of convenience rather than actual sickness itself, for example a last-minute Kita closure.

READ ALSO: Strikes: Do parents in Germany receive a day off work when Kitas close?

If you have been written off sick and are still not fit when the time expires, then unfortunately you’ll need to pay the practice a personal visit to have this clarified. But in some cases you can also arrange for a Hausbesuch, or at-home visit. 

What about providers who issue a sick note online?

There are various providers who issue a sick note easily and conveniently online – or even messaging services like WhatsApp. 

You click through a few questions about your health and symptoms and, depending on the evaluation, can be handed a sick note or a referral to a specialist. 

However, this does not guarantee that your employer will – or can – accept such a note. 

A few years back, an employee took sick leave via a note issued by an online portal, but this was not enough for the employer. The case went to court, and in the summer of 2021 the Berlin Labour Court ruled that “an online sick note without personal or telephone contact with a doctor does not meet the requirements for a certificate of incapacity for work.”

Sick leave by telephone is coming back

Up until March 31st of this year, it was possible to get a sick note by phone. This option was introduced to relieve practices and patients during the Covid-19 pandemic. 

But German government announced that sick notes by phone are to be permanent. Guidelines are now being drawn up, with practices all around Germany to accept the notes by the beginning of 2024.

READ ALSO: How sick leave pay in Germany compares to other countries in Europe

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WORKING IN GERMANY

How many skilled workers will immigrate to Germany with the Opportunity Card?

As a new jobseekers' visa that is designed to attract foreign workers launches in Germany in June, one question remains: how many skilled labourers will it actually bring in?

How many skilled workers will immigrate to Germany with the Opportunity Card?

From June 1st, foreign nationals from beyond the EU who want to find a job in Germany will be able to apply or a Chancenkarte (Opportunity Card) to do so.

The Opportunity Card functions as a temporary work visa, allowing card holders to enter the country and then work part-time or to take on two-week trial work for up to a year.

It comes as one of several immigration policy changes meant to attract badly needed young workers amidst Germany’s severe labour shortage. 

Policy makers hope that by allowing workers to more easily enter the country and start work, a new generation of skilled workers will take their chance to immigrate to the Bundesrepublik. But to what extent the new visa opportunity will succeed in narrowing Germany’s labour gap remains to be seen.

How many workers might apply for a Chancenkarte?

As Germany’s post-war and baby-boomer generations enter retirement, the country is experiencing a growing labour shortage that is putting significant pressure on a number of industries.

According to the draft law on the further development of skilled worker immigration, which led to the creation of the opportunity card, the government expects up to 30,000 opportunity cards to be applied for per year.

That would be a significant boost to the number of incoming skilled workers compared to figures seen in recent years. In 2022, a total of 38,820 skilled professionals with a recognised qualification entered the country, according to the latest Migration Report prepared by the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees.

So an additional 30,000 workers per year would be a laudable increase.

However, Germany’s coalition government has previously stated the goal of attracting 400,000 qualified professionals from abroad each year. This figure was based on previous German Economic Institute (IW) calculations that by 2030, Germany could face a shortage of roughly 5 million workers.

READ ALSO: Q&A – How foreign jobseekers in Germany can maximise their chances in 2024

Considering that goal, the 30,000 workers that could be attracted by the opportunity card would amount to just 7.5 percent of Germany’s target.

But given the severity of the labour shortage in key industries, anything is better than nothing.

rail track construction

Railroad construction, called “Berufe im Gleisbau” in German, is a bottleneck occupation. More track construction workers are badly needed to keep the country’s railway infrastructure in-tact in the future. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Jan Woitas

What are the ‘bottleneck’ occupations?

Principally, the opportunity card is designed to ease immigration requirements for all kinds of skilled workers.

But workers from so-called bottleneck occupations are granted an extra point according to the point-based system that will be used to review applications.

Put simply, bottleneck occupations are those in which there are not enough incoming workers to replace the retiring workforce. 

Germany’s employment agency assesses bottleneck occupations in the country. Last year the agency announced that the number of bottleneck occupations had risen sharply, from 148 to 200 in 2022 – amounting to a shortage in one out of every six occupations in Germany.

A spokesperson for the employment agency, told The Local that: “Nursing specialists, occupations in sanitary, heating and air conditioning technology, surgical assistants, construction electricians, and rail construction workers”, are a few examples of key bottleneck occupations currently.

READ ALSO: Hit by worker shortage, German city gets students to drive trams

For more information on the Chancenkarte and who is qualified to apply read our explainer.

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