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Property prices in Spain’s coastal areas continue to rise due to demand for second homes

Property prices in Spain's islands and coastal areas are rising at rates above the national average, largely bolstered by second home buyers, while in the interior, they're falling.

Property prices in Spain's coastal areas continue to rise due to demand for second homes
Property prices in Spain's coastal areas continue rise due to second homes. Photo: jhill10/Pixabay.

A monthly index released by property experts TINSA has revealed that property prices in Spain in May rose month-on-month by an average of 0.3 percent compared to April, and are 4.8 percent more expensive year-on-year overall.

The range of price rises, however, depends hugely on where in the country the property is located. Spain’s islands and coastal areas, particularly the Mediterranean coast, were where house prices increased the most in the last month, while prices in inland Spain actually fell slightly.

According to Tinsa’s data, property is currently 4.8 percent more expensive than in May 2022, a slight decrease on year-on-year increases of more than 7 percent recorded throughout much of the second half of 2022.

READ ALSO: How does property valuation work in Spain?

“The average national residential price continues its trend towards stabilisation in the face of rising financing costs and the loss of purchasing power in the face of inflation, although employment continues to sustain household solvency. As a result, sales activity is gradually moderating, maintaining levels above 2019,” Cristina Arias, director of research at Tinsa, told Spanish news outlet 20 minutos.

Coastal areas and islands have seen the highest increases, largely because they are the main beneficiaries of tourism that attract potential second-home buyers to the area, while in large cities and metropolitan areas, prices are generally moderating.

Property prices grew by 1.4 percent in the Canary Islands and Balearic Islands and by 0.9 percent on the Mediterranean coast in May.

“The islands and, to a lesser extent, the Mediterranean coast are experiencing a new momentum in prices that could be a reflection of second home buying and selling. Buyers have greater purchasing power and are less sensitive to inflation and rising mortgage costs, as they often require less external financing for the purchase of a second home,” Arias said.

READ ALSO: Spain’s new housing law enters into force: Five key points you should know

Compared to price levels in May 2022, housing in Spain’s archipelagos and coastal areas are 5.4 percent and 4.7 percent more expensive respectively than a year ago.

Across the rest of the country, prices continue to moderate, dipping slightly in some inland areas, although in metropolitan areas the increase in May was 6.3 percent in the year-on-year rate.

Prices in large cities rose by 4.3 percent compared to May 2022, while in inland Spain the increase was 3.3 percent, though the overall trend seems to be a downward one, as in January the year-on-year growth rate was over 7 percent.

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PROPERTY

Why Spain is looking to Vienna to fix its housing crisis

Spain is trailing behind the rest of the EU when it comes to social housing and has one of the lowest proportions of stock, so could replicating the Austrian capital's model be the solution?

Why Spain is looking to Vienna to fix its housing crisis

According to figures from Spain’s Land and Housing Observatory, in 2020 just 2.5 percent of total constructions in Spain were for social housing, far lower than in countries such as Austria, where it was 24 percent, the Netherlands, with 30 percent, and Denmark at 20.9 percent. 

Spain is one of a small handful of EU countries that have surprisingly low social housing provisions. Spain ranks 18th in the EU overall and is joined at the bottom of the table by countries such as Romania (1.5 percent), Estonia (1.7 percent), Croatia (1.8 percent) and Portugal (2 percent).

Spain’s 2.5 percent figures are also much lower than the wider European average of 9.3 percent. In recent years, Spain has not even managed to complete 10,000 social housing units per year, compared to 60,000 a decade ago.

READ ALSO – EXPLAINED: How Spain plans to address its huge lack of social housing

Furthermore, public housing has become increasingly privatised in recent years, affecting most of the almost 2.5 million subsidised homes built since 1981, when the first plan was approved. In 2012, the construction of social housing plummeted and dropped from 50,000 homes annually to just 9,200 in 2022.

The Viennese model

For decades now, Vienna, the Austrian capital, has increased its stock of price-controlled social housing and has stood out for its housing policy.

Although there is social housing throughout the country, the majority of it is concentrated in the capital city. 

The Vienna City Council has become the biggest homeowner in Europe – around 60 percent of residents live in one of 220,000 properties subsidised by the public sector, and the city invests up to €600 million annually in affordable housing models.

By increasing social housing and limiting rent, the value of housing has also been limited and prices have been regulated. For example, in Vienna, rent is around €9 per m/2, according to the consulting firm Deloitte.

This figure is much lower than that of the rest of the European capitals, compared to London or Paris, for example, where the rental price per m/2 is around €30. In comparison, rent in Barcelona and Madrid is around €17 and €14 m/2 respectively.

The requirements to be able to access social housing in Vienna are also very broad. Basically, you need to be 17 years old or older, be registered Vienna and earn more than €43,000 net annually. Rent can also not represent more than 30 percent of your income.

READ ALSO: Spain needs to build 1.2 million affordable rental homes in a decade

How Spain is planning on replicating the Vienna model

Spain, like many EU countries, has begun to turn towards the Viennese model.

Madrid in particular hopes to increase the real estate stock by 70,000 homes in four years, of which up to 40,000 will be dedicated to social housing according to regional president Isabel Díaz Ayuso.

Like in Vienna, Madrid hopes to balance the real estate market naturally without limiting prices. For example, in Vienna where the private real estate stock has been regulated, 60 square meter homes can vary between €600 and €700 per month. This is almost impossible in Madrid and Barcelona, where a home with the same characteristics can exceed more than €1,000 per month.

The Spanish government recently approved a plan to allocate 50,000 ‘Sareb’ homes to bolster its dwindling social housing stock. La Sociedad de Gestión de Activos Procedentes de la Reestructuración Bancaria or ‘Sareb’ was created eleven years ago to buy real estate assets from banks that went bankrupt during the 2008 financial crisis, and has been state-run since 2022.

Sánchez followed up on this 50,000 pledge by announcing the financing of a further 43,000 homes for social housing paid for with €4 billion of European funds.

“I want to announce that, in addition to the mobilisation of 50,000 Sareb homes, we are going to finance the development of another 43,000 new homes for social rent and rent at affordable prices,” the Prime Minister said.

He also criticised Spain’s “embarrassing” social housing stock compared to Europe, and reinforced his “commitment” to “move forward so that housing is a right and not a problem for the majority of citizens”. 

Having an extensive public housing stock allows prices to be lowered and ensures that there’s sufficient supply.

Christian Schantl, the head of the International Relations department of the public company Wiener Wohnen, the entity that manages public rentals in the city of Vienna, has advised Spain that to do this, they should not sell public housing under any circumstances.

In an interview with El País he said: “You cannot completely copy and paste the system, it would not work. One thing [the Spanish Government] should not do is sell its public housing. This is very important because many cities in Europe have made that mistake and are now facing serious problems. So that’s the first thing: never sell what you have. And then, there are some elements that are important to take into account, such as the financial situation, the necessary land, the legal framework and housing policies,” he continued.

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