Almost seven million people, or 10.3 percent of all people in France that year were immigrants, meaning “born a foreigner in a foreign country”, it said.

In comparison, 6.5 percent of French residents hailed from abroad in 1968, it added.

More than a third of immigrants in France in 2021 had acquired French citizenship, Insee said.

Immigrants and their descendants had largely blended into society, and many have had children born in France, the study showed.

By the third generation, nine out of 10 only had one or two grandparents who had immigrated to France.

Migration had contributed to the country’s diverse makeup, the statistics agency’s Sylvie Le Minez said.

“A third of France’s population has a link to immigration over three generations,” she said.

While immigrants half a century ago largely hailed from southern Europe, in 2021 many had come from North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, Le Minez said.

More than 12 percent of immigrants that year were born in Algeria, another 12 percent in Morocco, and 4 percent from Tunisia, the study said.

More than 8 percent hailed from Portugal, four percent from Italy, more than three percent from Turkey and some three percent from Spain, it added.

A little more than half of all immigrants were women. Most had flocked to large cities including the capital, where up to a fifth of the population hailed from abroad.

Le Minez said that despite an increase in immigration in recent years, France stood well within the European average, behind Germany and Spain.