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IMMIGRATION

Five culture shocks I experienced as a Serbian in Germany 

Around 300,000 to 500,000 people of Serbian descent live in Germany. Here are some of the culture shocks Serbian writer Sanja Dordevic found during a stay in Berlin.

A tower of chocolate. Sanja was surprised at how cheap food - including chocolate - was in Germany compared to Serbia.
A tower of chocolate. Sanja was surprised at how cheap food - including chocolate - was in Germany compared to Serbia. Photo: picture alliance/dpa/dpa-Zentralbild | Monika Skolimowska

There are lots of people from Serbia and the Balkans who come to live in Germany, usually in order to work. But, how hard is it to assimilate? As a Serbian myself, here are five things I struggled to get my head around when I arrived in Germany for the first time.

Not many luxury cars

I live in the Serbian city of Novi Sad and I’m originally from little town in the east of the country. Usually, when our “Gastarbeiter” (guest workers) come home from Germany, they do so with expensive cars, like a Mercedes or BMW. I thought that was the standard for high-income countries but I was shocked to see that people here actually drive normal vehicles.

A friend had this explanation for me: German residents can afford to buy luxury cars, but it’s expensive to fix them in Germany, because you have to go to an official service station to get your car on the road again. In the Balkans, you have your local mechanic who can fix anything for a low price, or even for free at times. Perhaps that explains part of the cultural difference. 

People drive on the Autobahn near Hamburg. Sanja expected more luxury cars in Germany.
People drive on the Autobahn near Hamburg. Sanja expected more luxury cars in Germany. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Jonas Walzberg

Pedestrian and transport habits

I was really confused about where to cross the streets in Germany (I’m based in Berlin) because there are very few zebra crossings. If I cross randomly, do I get priority against the cars or a ticket? I know there are traffic lights for crossing the road, but in Serbia, there are a lot more zebra crossings, even on small roads. But pedestrians don’t get tickets in Serbia in the same way I’ve heard that people in Germany get fines for crossing the road at the wrong time. I even heard one story about a guy from London who crossed the street at a red light in Berlin, and a mother covered her child’s eyes.

READ ALSO: Is it ever acceptable to cross the road at a red light in Germany?

And in Berlin, there are too many cobblestones. Sure, it looks nice but it feels jumpy while riding a bike or scooter. Speaking of riding a bike, before I came here I thought the Germans loving their safety was just a stereotype. Oh, how wrong was I! I’ve never seen as many reflective vests and helmets in my life! 

You’d also expect that the traffic jams would be awful in a city with more than 3.5 million people. But, no. People use electric scooters, bicycles, and public transport to get around, not just cars. And here we come to the next thing – you can rely on public transport. It’s common when you go by train in Serbia, that it would be very late. As a train lover, it’s not a problem for me to prolong my arrival for a few hours. I understand there’s been trouble in paradise with strikes recently, but I guess, back home, it’s a bit like there’s a “strike” all year round.

A passenger enters an S-Bahn train in Berlin
A passenger enters an S-Bahn train in Berlin. Public transport (mostly) works in Germany (or at least it’s better than in Serbia, says Sanja). Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Christoph Soeder

Food price differences

You might expect high-income countries like Germany to have high food prices – at least I did. But no! Food is cheaper than in Serbia, even for the same brands. For example, you can get 100g of Milka chocolate for 70 cents, and they sell us 80g for double that price! There is even 100g of proper quality chocolate for as low as 49 cents! On the other hand, prices of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes are much higher in Germany, as they should be. 

READ ALSO: Why everything is suddenly getting so expensive in Germany

Love for recycling 

When I arrived at my Berlin apartment, the landlord explained to me how to separate garbage. I know a lot about recycling because I am an ecology enthusiast, but in Serbia, it’s not mandatory to do that. You can choose to separate your waste in Serbia, but then you have to make the effort to carry it to special NGOs who deal with that. As recycling is really hard to do, nobody really does it. Here in Germany, it is easy and it seems like every household recycles. 

READ ALSO: The complete guide to recycling in Germany

A paper recycling bin in Munich.
A paper recycling bin in Munich. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Peter Kneffel

Covid registration

I knew that the Germans loved their rules and order. But I couldn’t believe it when I found out you have to register before entering the museum, gallery, or even a club. I guess it’s a sin if you don’t have an internet connection to register for all the stuff you want to do. Of course, it makes sense because Covid restrictions should be strict. People in Germany also wear high-protection Covid masks all the time. I guess I just come from a place where everything is a bit too relaxed (and maybe that’s why we are experiencing such a high number of Covid cases back in Serbia).

READ ALSO: 13 things foreigners do that make Germans really uncomfortable

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GERMAN CITIZENSHIP

How much do you need to earn to qualify for citizenship in Germany?

Applicants for German citizenship need to be able to support themselves financially, but it's often unclear what that means in practice. Here's how to work out if your income is high enough for citizenship.

How much do you need to earn to qualify for citizenship in Germany?

Out of the requirements for qualifying for a German passport, supporting yourself financially is one of the most important – and one of the most confusing.

Many foreigners assume that the authorities have a magic number in mind and will often worry about whether their income is above or below this threshold.

In reality, though, the law is much more flexible. In section 10 of the nationality law, it states that applicants must show that they “can support themselves and their dependent family members without claiming benefits under the Second or Twelfth Book of the Social Code.”

In other words, that your income is healthy enough to not rely on the state for things like long-term unemployment benefits.

According to Fabian Graske, an immigration lawyer at Migrando, around €1,500 gross per month for a single person is usually considered enough to live on. 

That said, there isn’t really a one-size-fits-all approach to this quesiton. 

When it comes to working out if your income is high enough, you’ll need to take into account a number of factors that your case worker at the naturalisation office will also weigh up. 

That’s why it’s important to ask yourself a number of questions that go beyond just how much you earn: 

How high are your living costs? 

In Germany, there are huge regional differences in the cost of living, so what someone can afford to live on varies hugely from place to place.

For example, someone living in pricey Munich is likely to need much more money for rent or their mortgage than a resident of much more affordable places like Halle or Leipzig, so you should consider whether what you earn is enough to offer a basic standard of living in the city or town you live in. 

READ ALSO: Requirements, costs and permits – 6 essential articles for German citizenship

It is worth mentioning, though, that what you actually pay for rent and bills matters more than the averages. If you’re lucky enough to find an apartment with unusually low rent in Berlin, for instance, you can probably get away with earning less money as well. 

Are you single or do you have a family?

If you’re single and have no children, you’ll likely get a lot more lenience from the authorities when it comes to having a lower-than-average income.

A family sit at a lake.

A family sit at a lake in Bavaria. Image by Eva Mospanova from Pixabay

Of course, if you have dependents such as kids or a spouse who doesn’t work (or both), you’ll need to ensure not only that your own living costs are taken care of, but also that your family can survive on your income alone.

That naturally means you’ll be expected to earn a certain amount more for each dependent child or adult.

On the plus side, any income your spouse does earn will be counted alongside your own, so if you’re the one who is supported by their partner, the authorities will also take this into account. 

Is your job stable or unstable?

One key thing to think about when applying for citizenship is the security of your work contract. Someone who has a long-term contract with an employer and has passed their probationary period will be in a much better position than someone who is still on a three-month trial, for example.

This doesn’t mean you shouldn’t submit a citizenship application after just starting a new job, but be aware that the authorities may well wait to process your application until you’ve passed the initial probation and have been put onto a longer-term contract. 

A similar rule of thumb applies to people who are currently claiming Arbeitslosengeld I (ALG I), or unemployment insurance. Though this doesn’t disqualify you from citizenship, it may delay your application until you can find a stable job. 

READ ALSO: Can I still get German citizenship after claiming benefits?

Do you need to rely on welfare payments to get by?

A key aspect of German naturalisation law is working out whether you’re likely to be a financial burden on the state by relying too much on the welfare system.

The entrance to the Jobcenter in Düsseldorf,

The entrance to the Jobcenter in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia. Photo: picture alliance/dpa | Oliver Berg

While everyone needs a helping hand from time to time, claiming benefits like long-term unemployment benefit (Bürgergeld) or housing benefit (Wohngeld) to top up your income sadly shuts you out of the naturalisation process and could also make it hard for you to qualify in the future. 

Luckily, this doesn’t apply to all types of state support – Kindergeld, ALG I and Bafög don’t count, for example – so seek advice from a lawyer or your local citizenship office if you’re unsure.

How old are you?

Though this is hard to fully quantify, age can sometimes play a role in assessments of your financial fitness in Germany.

A young person fresh out of university or vocational college may be seen as someone with high earning potential over the years, so in some cases the authorities may take a more relaxed approach to their current income.

In contrast, an older person coming to the end of their working life could be held to slightly stricter standards. 

This is also why it can be important to show that you have sufficient pension contributions or another form of security for the future, such as owning your own home or having lots of savings. 

READ ALSO: How can over 60s get German citizenship under the new nationality law?

What counts as ‘income’ under German law?

It’s important to note that income doesn’t just have to mean the salary you get at your job: income from rental properties, side hustles and freelance gigs can also be included, as well as things like alimony payments after divorce.

Once again, if you’re unsure, just ask. The citizenship offices are there to advise you and should give you clear instructions about what kind of documents count as proof of income in your application. 

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