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UNDERSTANDING SPANIARDS

Malafollá: Why are people from the Spanish city of Granada so moody?

Andalusians are generally considered some of the warmest people in Spain, but locals in the historic city of Granada are notoriously brash and unfriendly, even according to 'granaínos' themselves.  

malafollá granada moody
Weather is well known to influence character, and that's no different for 'granadinos'. Photo: Victoriano Izquierdo/Unsplash

What is la malafollá?

Granada is a beautiful city and province which is steeped in history, allows for skiing in southern Spain and has a free tapas culture that’s second to none. 

You would therefore think granaínos would have little reason not to be in a good mood, but in truth their character is often perceived by outsiders as rude, sarcastic or pessimistic. 

From the waiter who doesn’t greet you and just asks you what you want, to the bus driver who suggests you’re out of shape because you’re taking too long to get on, this brash character may seem more suited to central and northern Spain. 

This is how some perceive la malafollá, but for many locals it’s not something to be ashamed of, it’s simply a misunderstood trait which is quintessential to the granaíno character.

Where does the expression la malafollá come from?

If you speak Spanish, and especially if you’re familiar with the Andalusian propensity for dropping consonants and shortening words, you may have assumed that malafollá is a southern version of mala+follada, which could be translated into English as ‘badly f*cked’. 

That would be the obvious association, right? A lacklustre time under the sheets resulting in a grumpy character. 

Surprisingly, no local sources have made that connection, with the most widely shared theory being instead that follá comes from the word fuelle (bellows in English).

Granada – gorgeous views and deep-seated grumpiness. What’s not to love? Photo: Maddy Leopardo/Unsplash

Legend has it a young, apprentice blacksmith in Granada’s Moorish neighbourhood of El Albaicín wasn’t very good at stoking the fire with the bellows, leading his household to not warm up enough. 

His mediocre temperature regulation somehow went down in history, and the term malafollá (badly bellowed) was born. 

Nowadays it’s one of the most common slang expressions used in local speech and a way of referring to someone’s intrinsic ‘Granada-ishess’.

Is there any truth to la malafollá?

“People are shaped by the weather,” Alejandro Rodríguez, a Granada local who runs an olive farm with his family, told The Local Spain. 

“If you look at the weather here, we tend to have some of the hottest summers in Spain and the winters are very cold too.

“We don’t have rivers, it doesn’t rain enough, the land isn’t fertile. 

“So from a historic perspective, it makes sense that granadinos have that lingering bad mood.

“Try being in the street here in July, the heat is enough to put anyone off from talking to others.” 

According to the late ‘granaíno’ writer José García Ladrón de Guevara , who wrote a book titled ‘La malafollá granaína‘, the Granadan ill humour is “a kind of free bad host that the people of Granada distribute without rhyme nor reason to everyone around them and that, under no circumstances denotes bad character, bad manners, or particular hostility towards the receiver”. 

“Nor does it denote disinterest or apathy in the granaíno, as some say”.

So rather than being surly, sour or ill-mannered on purpose, granaínos are simply predisposed to irony and black humour. 

Their malafollá is just part of who they are, in the same way as people from Cádiz have a reputation for being naturally humorous without trying too hard. 

“As everything is going to end badly, we think ‘at least we’re going to turn it into a joke’,” Granada Law Professor Nicolás López Calera told local daily Ideal, showcasing that predisposition to live in a constant state of pessimistic conformism. 

So the next time you find yourself in incredible Granada heading up its cobbled streets to La Alhambra and you’re dished up an untypical wallop of Spanish sarcasm, remember it isn’t meant to cause offence or hurt your feelings. 

It’s just their malafollá.

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MONEY

Blackrock and Blackstone: The ‘unknown’ multinationals controlling Spain

Two American multinational investment companies with similarly forgettable names are tightening their grip on Spain's housing market, banks and industry, even though most Spaniards have never heard of them.

Blackrock and Blackstone: The 'unknown' multinationals controlling Spain

Blackrock is the world’s biggest financial investor. It’s so big in fact that it has upwards of 9 trillion in assets spread across the globe, roughly equivalent to the GDP of Germany, France and Italy combined. For context, that would take the Spanish economy around six years to produce.

The company’s footprint in Spain is no smaller, however, and it’s growing. Blackrock has interests all over the Spanish economy, whether it be in energy companies, stakes in its major banks, or the properties it owns. Critics fear this level (and breadth) of influence has an impact on decision making that can indirectly affect Spaniards in all walks of life.

For example, Blackrock has a 5 percent share (or more) in Santander, BBVA and Caixabank, Spain’s three major banks. This means that any loans or mortgages there could, in theory, be impacted by Blackrock – a foreign company with no connection to Spain besides investing there.

Blackrock also has a significant share (of up to 20 percent) in Naturgy, the Spanish energy company.

It also has shares in 19 of the IBEX 35 companies (Spain’s equivalent of the FTSE index). What’s slightly different about the Naturgy move is that Blackrock will be on the company’s board, something that hasn’t happened yet in many of its other Spanish investments, and would likely signal a change in its approach to investments in Spain.

All in all, it is estimated that Blackrock has invested as much as €60 billion in the Spanish economy. But at what cost? Investment firms, let alone one of the world’s biggest like Blackrock, don’t part with money without expecting anything in return.

So, how is it controlling Spain?

Controlling Spain

Some feel that Blackrock, as well as other shadowy investment firms such as Blackstone (more on them below) leverage their investment for their interest — often to the cost of Spaniards.

In an article for El Salto, Carlos Martín Urriza, Economy and Finance spokesman for Sumar, posed the following questions:

“Is the fact that Spanish banks have not increased the remuneration of household savings with the rise in interest rates – as has happened in Europe – but have increased the cost of their mortgages, and nothing effective has been done to correct this, related to the fact that Blackrock has a 5 percent or more stake in Santander, BBVA and Caixabank?”

He goes on: “Is the fact that the profits of Spanish electricity and energy companies far exceed those of their European counterparts connected to Blackrock’s holdings of more than 5 percent in Enagás, Iberdrola and Repsol?”

Urriza’s argument is essentially that owing to the profit-motive driving Blackrock and other big funds, as well as the pressure applied by them, their influence makes gas and electricity bills, as well as things like mortgages, loans, house prices and rents more expensive. When these companies are so big and have their fingers in so many pies, it’s hard to see how to stop them.

However, the Spanish government has flexed its muscles in recent weeks with regards to takeovers, largely through the SEPI (Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales) as it did with the recent proposed Telefónica takeover.

READ ALSO: Spain takes stake in Telefonica after Saudi deal concerns

Members of the anti-eviction entity Platform of People Affected by Mortgage (PAH) protest against mortgage debt in front of The Hesperia Ramblas hotel, owned by US private equity group Blackstone, on July 30, 2019 in Barcelona. (Photo by Josep LAGO / AFP)

The biggest private landlords in Spain?

Housing has become a big issue in Spain in recent years. With rents rocketing in the post-pandemic period and an influx of foreign remote workers further pricing out locals, affordable housing and price speculation have become a hot political issue.

There’s another American investment giant called Blackstone (often confused with Blackrock) which secretly dominate the property market in Spain. In fact, Blackstone is the second biggest landlord in the entire country after Caixa Bank.

Blackstone, through 27 subsidiary companies, has 19,600 homes for rent, of which 13,000 are in the Madrid region alone, where it is “the largest private landlord” in the city, according to Civio.

Some argue its Spain’s biggest property owner, having carried out more than 146,000 property purchases over the past decade.

With calls for deep and meaningful housing reform in Spain (not that the government hasn’t tried) will any government or bank be able to realistically do anything when financial investment firms worth more than entire countries can pull the strings? 

Over the past few years, tenants renting Blackstone flats in Madrid have faced rent hikes of up to 60 percent and evictions for those who can’t afford it.

Blackstone general director in Spain Fernando Bautista has denied that his company is a vulture fund, recently declaring “at the end of the day, we have been investing in the country for 10 years, both in real estate and infrastructure or other sectors within the business we do. We are not a speculative fund as we have been here for more than ten years, we are an investment fund”.

Now Blackrock is also preparing to enter the residential market in Spain. This was made clear by Adolfo Favieres, Managing Director of real estate at Blackrock, at an event in January.

The executive stated that the investment fund has its eyes set on the “living” and “flex-living” market. “It is the one we like the most, both flex living (co-living) and student residences,” he said.

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