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MAKING IT IN GERMANY

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Misha Aster: A cultural historian

The Local's series "Making it in Germany" presents Misha Aster, a Canadian cultural historian in Berlin.

Misha Aster: A cultural historian
Photo: Sabine Devins

Name: Misha Aster

Age: 31

Originally from: Hamilton, Canada

What did you do before coming to Germany?

I was going to university. I did semesters in London, McGill in Montreal and couple years in the States and a semester in Russia to get my Masters in Dramaturgy, which is a kind of theatre degree. After finishing university, I came to Europe to work in small theatre companies, just bouncing from city to city, project to project.

What brought you to Germany?

I came to Berlin for the first time in 1990 on a family trip and I remember we arrived by train at the Zoologischer Garten station, and walking out of the train station to be confronted by this extraordinary image of the Gedächtnis Kirche. I thought this is an extraordinary place. This is an important place. I need to get to know this place better. I was 12 at the time, but it was one of those events and experiences that leave a lasting impression. When I finished high school in 1995, I was looking for something to do before starting university and it was around the same time that there was a Leonard Cohen song of which the refrain was about taking Berlin. So in 1995 to 1996, I was here for eight months and fell in love with the city the first time and left and went to university. But I always wanted to come back and was always searching for an excuse and eventually that materialised in 2006.

What do you do here in Berlin?

That question is the bane of my existence. You could say I’m a dramaturge, but no one knows what that means. I spend my time in and around theatres and musical institutions working on productions. I’ve also carved out a niche for myself as a type of historian writing the histories and studies these cultural institutions.

How did you get started with that?

Essentially, I was asked. During my first stay here, I was fortunate to have been befriended by a musician who played with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. We met on a train and had a lot of time to kill so we had a long, involved and quite fascinating conversation. One of the topics that popped up was the experience of the Berlin Philharmonic during the Third Reich. This friend of mine found it bizarre that he, as a member of the orchestra, had no idea what had happened to his colleagues 60 years ago. Our conversation went on from there, but we both agreed that this was something worth investigating. Around 2002/2003, this friend called me up and said, ‘OK, now is our chance. Come to Berlin and lets find out the story.’

He introduced me to some people and let me into the archives. It was more to satisfy our own personal curiosities at first, but I started and as I got into the research, I realised there was a really fascinating story here, and more over, one that hadn’t been told yet. Then we decided that maybe more people would care about it than just us, so it became a book. I accumulated and researched through various visits to Berlin over a few years until 2006, when I finally made the move to Berlin and sat down to actually write.

Now that book has been translated from the German into French, Spanish, Japanese, Italian and will soon be coming out in English.

How much German is involved in your day-to-day work?

I write in English, but I use German sources and write for a German audience and the books are translated into German for publication, so I use the original German sources in my materials in order to maintain authenticity rather than having the work translating back and forth.

What were some of the challenges you faced when you moved here?

When I first came here, I didn’t speak the language. It was 1995, just six years after the Wall came down and English wasn’t yet as widely spoken here as it is today. Once I had a grasp on the language, I had to come to terms with the German attitude toward work and how they categorise people by the work they do, so how I categorised my own role and how I’m cast in people’s social networks. It was easy to connect to people through work, but I found it difficult to make friends on a casual basis. There is a more rigid social structure that what one is used to encountering in North America.

What do you love about living here?

I love the fact that I have a specific set of passions and interested relating to culture, music and theatre and any night of the week, there is the most wonderful array of cultural experiences to choose from. I love that about Berlin, but even more is the fact that there are other people in this city that are equally passionate about there sets of cultural interests and they also have this immense selections of experiences to choose from and we will actually overlap, despite living in the same city and always being busy with things. Its an incredible diversity of experience to offer. The sense of openness, the sense of plurality in that regard. It’s a city that doesn’t try to be like anywhere else. It doesn’t emulate other places and in that way, is very comfortable in its own skin and in that way, people here can then too feel very comfortable and confident in who they are and what they can contribute to the city.

How has Germany changed you?

You’re expected to be forthcoming about what you value here. Becoming aware of that and being able to be more forthcoming and more expressive about what I value and recognising that other people have that same opportunity, that its part of the culture. Coming from a Canadian perspective where we’re always so polite and concerned with making sure that no one could take offense, it was an adjustment. Here you make your case, and don’t have to apologise for it.

What advice do you have for someone who is looking to ‘make it’ in Germany?

Go to the theatre. The theatre is one of the best ways to take the pulse of a society. You can often tell how a society functions and how people feel in relation to each other in how they communicate.

Know someone who’s “made it” in Germany? Email us at: [email protected]

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WORKING IN GERMANY

Five things to know about salaries in Germany

Finding a job is typically a top priority when planning a move to Germany. The country boasts the third largest economy in the world and a continuing need for skilled professionals. 

Five things to know about salaries in Germany

If you are moving to Germany, you might soon start looking for a job in the country. However, like many other aspects of living abroad, there are several cultural differences and specificities when it comes to job hunting in Germany – especially when it comes to salaries.

Here are five things to know about salaries in Germany.

There is a minimum wage in Germany

Germany’s minimum wage of €12.41 per hour, pre-tax came into effect at the start of this year. This amounts to a monthly salary of €2,054 which ranks ninth in the world. The minimum wage will rise again in 2025 to €12.82 per hour before tax deductions.

There have been calls recently to hike the salary up higher to €14 per hour.

READ ALSO: Millions of workers in Germany ‘earning less than €14 per hour’

Find out salary expectations

Germany does not require companies to list salary ranges for listed positions. But that may be changing soon. The EU parliament passed a wage transparency law to require companies to publish annual reports detailing wage and wage discrepancy information. The rules, which are set to go into effect in 2027, are intended to help close the gender pay gap. 

In the meantime, employees can utilise online resources to find industry averages and expectations for different roles:

  • Gehalt.de offers users access to salary information on more than 800 professions
  • Online platform, Kununu provides compensation information and employer reviews to users in the DACH region  
  • Berlin residents can utilise REDSOFA’s salary survey for an overview of salary averages in the country’s capital city

As of April 2023 the average gross monthly salary was €4,323 according to Germany’s Federal Statistical Office.

Two-thirds of full time workers make less than this average monthly salary and one-third of workers earn more than this average monthly salary.

While wages after deductions may be less than similar roles in other countries, it is also important to take into consideration what other benefits come with a salary. Paid holiday leave, pension contributions, long notice periods and annual bonuses can help make up some of that difference. 

READ ALSO: How much do employees in Germany typically earn?

Check your payment schedule

Internationals can usually expect their salary once a month when working in Germany. Many German companies choose to pay employees either on the 1st or 15th of the month. It is also important to note that most employees can expect to receive their first pay check within 30 or 45 days of starting. 

For positions that offer yearly bonuses, these payments are included in a 13th pay check which are subject to income tax.  

A person works on a laptop.

A person works on a laptop. Image by Bartek Zakrzewski from Pixabay

How many hours do you work?

When looking for a job, don’t forget to check how many hours you can expect. Job descriptions will include expectations for time commitments. 

Mini-jobs, as expected from the name, are limited in hours and pay. Employees can expect up to €538 per month. Mini-jobs do not provide social security because they do not require social security contributions. Employees are also not automatically covered by health and nursing care insurance. 

Teilzeit, or part time jobs, are defined as any job where working hours are less than a full time position.

A common misconception is that part-time work requires working 20 hours or less a week. But an employee working five days a week for 30 hours, at a position that is typically 40 hours when full time can also be defined as a part time worker. 

READ ALSO: The rules in Germany around ‘mini’ and ‘midi jobs’

In fact, Germany has a term for workers who work between 28 and 36 hours a week. Vollzeitnahe Teilzeit, or nearly full time part time workers, can be a popular choice for some people, including parents. These positions can give employees more flexibility to balance work and family responsibilities. It is important to note that these workers are paid according to their time worked, so it will still amount to less than full time.

Depending on the work schedule, part time employees can earn the same amount of vacation as their full-time counterparts. That’s because holiday leave is calculated based on days worked, not hours. If a part time worker comes in five days a week, they will be eligible for at least 20 days of holiday. If that same part time worker comes in three days a week, they will be legally entitled to twelve days of vacation, even if they worked the same hours as the other employee. 

In most companies, weekly working hours between 35 and 40 hours are considered full-time employment or Vollzeitbeschäftigung

Watch out for the gross v. net difference

Before you sign the dotted line, it will be important to check how much of your gross salary you’ll be able to keep come pay day. Companies that include salary expectations in descriptions include gross salary (Bruttoeinkommen) – not the net income after taxes and deductions (Nettoeinkommen). The amount deducted will depend on how much you earn, the tax class you’re in and on other factors such as how much you’re paying for healthcare but it is usually around 40 percent. 

Salaried employees can find information on the deductions on their pay slip. Some to expect to see include:

  • Taxes are deducted directly from the gross pay. The amount is based on the tax bracket your salary falls within 
  • A percentage of your gross salary is also deducted for your pension / retirement contributions
  • Church taxes between eight and nine percent of your salary will also be due if you are affiliated with a religion
  • Unemployment insurance amounts to a 2.5 percent deduction from your gross salary. It is important to note that the insurance covers a salary up to €90,600 
  • Health insurance contribution rates are typically split between employers and employees. The rate depends on the provider. In 2024, the TK contribution rate to health insurance is 15.8 percent of the gross income

READ ALSO: What you need to know about your payslip in Germany 

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