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WORKING IN SWITZERLAND

Why are some foreign workers in Switzerland at higher risk of unemployment?

Most people from the EU or EFTA countries who work in Switzerland have no reason to worry about their employment — their risk of losing their jobs are equal to their Swiss counterparts’. There are, however, exceptions.

People sitting at a table during a job interview
Foreigners in Switzerland are twice as likely to be unemployed as naturalised Swiss. Photo by Sebastiano Piazzi on Unsplash

Switzerland’s unemployment rate — currently less than 2 percent — is lower than in many other countries.

This means the labour market is solid and stable, and most employees, whether Swiss or foreign nationals, don’t have to worry about losing their jobs.

In fact, a recent report by the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), noted that “due to sustained labour demand and a historically low unemployment rate, Switzerland remains attractive for foreign workers”.

READ ALSO: How EU immigrant workers have become ‘essential’ for Switzerland

However, the same report also points out that some EU nationals “are exposed to a higher than average risk of unemployment”.

SECO goes on to specify that most-affected workers are from Southern and Eastern Europe, as opposed to those from the eurozone states.

The reason, according to SECO, is that many workers from these countries — for instance, Bulgaria, Romania, and Balkan nations — “often occupy unstable jobs, including seasonal work”, such as agriculture.

More of these foreigners show up in unemployment statistics not only due to the temporary nature of their work, but also because neither Swiss workers nor those from the eurozone usually hold the types of jobs that are more predisposed to redundancy.

What happens when these employees lose their jobs?
 
Everyone working in Switzerland legally has the same right to collect unemployment benefits — regardless of nationality.

The general rule is that anyone who has contributed to the social insurance scheme, is entitled to receive unemployment benefits.

However, not everyone will receive the same amount for the same length of time.

If, for instance, you have a settlement permit C or a residence permit B, you will receive unemployment benefits, as long as you have been employed in Switzerland for at least 12 months in the last two years and have been living in the country full time during that period.

For how long the benefits will be paid out depends on your circumstances.

If you have worked — and paid into the social security system — for 12 months in the past two years, you are entitled to 260 days’ worth of unemployment allowance.

If you are under 25 and childless, you will receive compensation for 200 days.

In the case that you had been employed for at least 18 months, you will collect for 400 days.

Older workers or those suffering from a disability can collect for 120 additional days.

READ ALSO: Which foreign workers are entitled to unemployment benefits in Switzerland?

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JOBS

Which professions in Switzerland are harder for foreigners to break into?

In many sectors of Switzerland’s economy, Swiss employees prevail over foreign ones — and vice-versa.

Which professions in Switzerland are harder for foreigners to break into?

In the past, the ‘division of labour’ in Switzerland was clear: foreign nationals held mostly manual (and therefore lower-paid) jobs, while the Swiss worked in managerial / executive and other middle and high positions.

Many sectors still follow these traditional roles, with some jobs held almost exclusively by Swiss citizens, and others by foreign nationals.

Which jobs are mostly held by the Swiss?

To find this out, the Basel-based consultancy firm, Demografik, surveyed professions with more than 10,000 employees.

It found that “about 60 percent of the country’s masons and flooring installers are foreign-born,” Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ), reported.

The comparable figure among the country’s unskilled workers as a whole is even higher —  84 percent.

“Swiss nationals also make up only a third of kitchen assistants and cleaning staffers” — jobs typically held by immigrants with no higher education or vocational training.

On the other hand, Swiss citizens hold a number of jobs that are almost unattainable for unskilled foreign nationals, including police officers, teachers, lawyers, senior administrative staff, and social workers.

Only a small percentage of immigrants work in these professions.

However, they dominate fields such as service staff, chauffeurs, unskilled industrial workers, and construction — jobs where very few Swiss can be found.

Why is this?

“The proportion of foreign workers is highest in jobs that are generally considered unappealing – whether because of the low pay, high level of physical demands or irregular working hours,” said Demografik economist Lisa Triolo.

“Nevertheless, these professions are important for the functioning of the economy, because they are difficult to automate.”

Triolo also found that foreigners mainly work in areas where recruiting employees has been difficult.

“The longer the vacancy period in an occupational group, the higher the proportion of foreigners,” she pointed out.  “For example, construction is the sector in which companies take the longest to fill an open position.”

Is this survey objective?

It is, if you focus primarily on unskilled foreign workers, who basically take on jobs that the Swiss don’t want.

The picture is different, however, if you include skilled professionals into the mix.

Many of them hold the same positions, and earn equal or even higher wages, than their Swiss counterparts.

READ ALSO: In which jobs in Switzerland do foreign workers earn more than the Swiss? 

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