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UBS merger with Credit Suisse raises job fears in Switzerland

Among the many concerns over the new megabank created by the merger of UBS and the beleagured Credit Suisse is how it will affect jobs and competition in Switzerland's banking sector.

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What are the most in demand jobs right now? Photo by Glenn Carstens-Peters on Unsplash

The Swiss government strongarmed UBS into buying its rival for $3.25 billion after the collapse of three US lenders in March raised concerns about Credit Suisse’s own financial health, following a series of scandals in recent years.

But little has been said about the most robust part of the sprawling bank – its domestic retail banking division, responsible for mortgage loans and financing for Swiss companies.

Credit Suisse’s heavy losses were mostly due to the international wealth management and banking divisions.

The Swiss division’s turnover only fell by five percent last year – whereas turnover in international wealth management slid by nearly a third, and the investment bank tumbled 54 percent.

Investors are becoming impatient with the scattered details around the complex integration.

READ ALSO: Gold, secrecy and wealth: 6 Swiss banking myths that need to be busted

UBS insisted this week that “all options” would be considered for the Swiss activities of the bank, promising to share more details in the coming months.

UBS now ‘too big’

But investors are anxious to know whether UBS will integrate the Swiss banking division into its own domestic business, sell it, or even split it through a share offering.

“One of the reasons that supports the idea of a spin-off is probably the fact that UBS has gotten too big after swallowing Credit Suisse for the Swiss market,” said Ipek Ozkardeskaya of Swissquote.

“Another could be to maximize the Swiss branch potential and to offer Swiss clients an alternative to UBS.”

Keeping it as an independent unit appeals to many in Switzerland – particularly as it could prevent mass layoffs in the important banking sector.

Together, the two banks employ 120,000 people worldwide, including 37,000 in Switzerland.

“Full integration means that UBS would have to take a lot of costs and fire a lot of people at Credit Suisse,” said Andreas Venditti, analyst at asset manager Vontobel.

Credit Suisse itself had considered a partial IPO of its Swiss branch in
2016.

“We are still in favour of splitting off the Swiss branch,” the Foundation Ethos, which represents pension funds in Switzerland, told AFP.

Ethos said this was the best option not only to protect jobs, but to avoid concentrating risks in one giant bank.

Venditti says that UBS could “carve out Credit Suisse Switzerland’s front office only… (the brand) would survive and the two banks would compete.”

“If in a few years’ time the situation has stabilised then it would be a good time to bring this new smaller Credit Suisse to the market,” he said.

J.P. Morgan analysts said splitting it off as an independent arm could create a division valued at a minimum of $10 billion for UBS.

“We know that a spin-off could unlock value,” said Ozkardeskaya.

And it could also help calm jittering investors about the threat of “a giant that became even more giant after the merger”, she said.

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RENTING

Why there is a push in Switzerland to make buildings higher

Tall residential buildings are not very common in Swiss cities, but efforts to change this are gathering strength.

Why there is a push in Switzerland to make buildings higher

Many of Switzerland’s cities are suffering from a chronic housing shortage, with the demand for accommodation far exceeding the available supply.

Though a number of measures have been proposed — for instance, loosening certain regulations which slow down construction of new buildings, such as noise ordinances — the Swiss Tenants Association has said current plans lack “rapid and effective measures.”

READ ALSO: Why Swiss tenants are unhappy with plan to solve housing shortage

Reaching new heights

Another possible solution currently on the table addresses the scarcity of land for new constructions.

“This is why expansion must absolutely take place at height,” the Liberal-Radical Party (PLR) said in a press release

This means that additional living space should be created on top of current residential buildings.

To that end, “building and zoning regulations in Swiss cities must be adapted so as to systematically integrate the raising of one or two floors into urban plans.” 

“In addition, in all residential areas, the maximum authorised height of existing buildings should be  increased by at least three metres. This should make it possible to add an additional floor or two for housing, where possible,” the party states.

The ‘where possible’ clause would exclude historic buildings that cannot be altered and ones where adding more floors is not feasible for technical reasons.

Building ‘upwards’ not only creates space for more dwellings, but also helps stop urban sprawl and preserves agricultural land, according to  PLR’s MP Simone de Montmollin. 

What might happen next?

The party has started an online petition, which it urges all Swiss citizens who favour this change to sign. 

“Building and zoning standards in Swiss cities must be adapted so that the maximum permitted height for existing buildings in all residential areas is increased by three metres,” its text says. “This should make it possible to add an additional floor for housing, independently of the existing use.”

If and when the petition collects at least 100,000 signatures, the issue would be brought to a ballot box.

No details are available about the number of signatures collected to date.

Historic perspective

While the idea may sound ground-breaking, it is not.

As de Montmollin pointed out, already in the 16th century, houses were raised in Geneva to create accommodation for persecuted Protestants (Huguenots) fleeing France.

Much more recently, such ‘elevations’ have been possible in Geneva thanks to a law passed in 2008.

And in Zurich, the PLR, along with a multi-party coalition, launched a popular initiative for the raising of existing buildings.

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