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RENTING

Renting in Spain: Why it’s become very hard to find a flat to share

The amount of shared accommodation available in Spain has halved over the past year, making it increasingly difficult for young people and those with fewer financial means to find a room to rent. 

Why it’s become very hard to find a flat to share in spain
It's not just people in their twenties who are struggling to find a flat to share in Spain, others in their thirties and forties are also having lots of difficulties (Photo by Ina FASSBENDER / AFP)

Even though millions of people in Spain either prefer to share a home, or are forced to do so because they can’t afford to rent a place of their own, there are 45 percent fewer shared properties on the market in 2022 than in 2021. 

These are the findings of Spanish property search engine giant Idealista, which reported that in cities such as Palma de Mallorca, Barcelona or San Sebastián, the drop in availability is even more extreme: down by between 70 and 80 percent. 

The lack of property stock whilst demand remains high has resulted in another negative consequence for prospective tenants: a rise in prices for renting a room.

In all but three of Spain’s 50 provincial capitals, the price has increased. 

Whereas in early 2021 it cost on average €269/month to rent a room in Spain and rates were on a general downward trend as a result of the pandemic, prices are now on the up again. 

In coastal cities such as Tarragona, Almería and Málaga, rates for a room are now 20 percent more expensive, a larger price hike than in Barcelona and Madrid, where sharing a home is now 14 percent more expensive than in 2021. 

In the Basque city of San Sebastián you can now expect to pay €460 for a room, in Barcelona €450, in Madrid €420, in Palma €400, in Bilbao €370 and in Málaga €350.

With this in mind, the Spanish expression bueno, bonito y barato (good, pretty and cheap) is becoming increasingly hard to utter when it comes to finding a suitable place to share in Spain. 

“The search has become exhausting,” property seeker Miguel told Spanish TV channel Antena 3. 

“I don’t want to live in a dump, I want a room that at least has a window. I’m not asking for much, I just want something simple,” he added about the fact that what is available within his budget doesn’t meet basic living standards.

Competition is also fierce, another property seeker called Helio told Antena 3: “You see a place that’s suitable and within 30 seconds it’s gone.”

As an extra setback, an increasing number of landlords ask prospective tenants in shared accommodation to provide proof of a nómina (job contract) and other means of solvency, criteria they’re often not in a position to offer as much as they wished they could.

READ ALSO: How to rent a property in Spain if you don’t have a job contract

And still for many people looking for a room to share, renting their own place is simply not an option, as the average €845 that it would cost them a month in Spain in 2022 is well above the €320 that most renters can afford to pay.

According to the latest study by Spain’s Emancipation Observatory corresponding to the second half of 2021, only 15.6 percent of young Spanish people (aged 16 to 29) are fully emancipated from their families.

Of that 15.6 percent that were fully emancipated, more than a third shared accommodation with someone who wasn’t a relative or a partner. 

Getting on the property ladder isn’t an option for the vast majority of them either, with 73 percent of young people in Spain not meeting the basic requirements of the banks to get a mortgage, be it because of a lack of a job contract, low pay or lack of savings. 

It’s worth stressing that according to Idealista’s study, the average age of a person sharing a flat in a central part of one of the country’s main cities isn’t always someone in their twenties; far from it.

In Vitoria, Oviedo and Ávila, the average age of tenants in shared flats is 42, in León and Alicante it’s 39, in Madrid it’s 32 on average, in Barcelona it’s 34 and in Valencia it’s 26.

This reflects how Spain’s shared accommodation shortage doesn’t just affect the country’s youth, but rather Spaniards across the age spectrum whose low salaries and unstable work conditions, coupled with the low supply and strict demands and high rents landlords expect, make it impossible for many to even find a room in a flat.

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PROPERTY

How Spain’s Balearics will legalise thousands of properties built on rural land

The regional government of the Balearic Islands is preparing a decree law that will allow the regularisation of more than 30,000 homes which were illegally built over the years on rural land.

How Spain's Balearics will legalise thousands of properties built on rural land

In Mallorca alone, it is estimated that there may be around 30,000 of these illegal homes, but there are also several in neighbouring Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera.

In Spain land is distributed into three categories: urbano, urbanizable and rústico.

Urbano land has official municipal accreditation for residential properties to be built on it, urbanizable is theoretically meant for residential purposes but needs accreditation and often isn’t connected to the water, sewage or electricity grid yet, and rústico is rural land where residential properties cannot be built, also called no urbanizable

READ ALSO: Where can you build on rural (rústico) land in Spain?

What’s the problem?

The situation in the Balearics is that thousands of properties were built illegally on this terreno rústico or rural land and as a result could either not be sold or owners were prevented from carrying out any maintenance work on them at all, allowing them to degrade over time.

However, the sanctioning of these buildings have now expired, so the urban authorities cannot order their demolition, but at the same time owners cannot improve them or do them up, rendering most of them useless.

With the current housing crisis and lack of affordable properties on the islands, something had to be done to rectify the situation.

The vice president of the Balearic Islands, Antoni Costa, has assured residents that the time has come to stop looking the other way and has promised to address the problem head-on.

READ ALSO: Why you should think twice before buying a coastal property in Spain

What will the new law aim to do?

The new decree law that regional president Marga Prohens aims to bring into force will allow these homes to be legal.

In exchange, the owners must pay a financial penalty proportional to the cost of the illegal construction work. This will most likely be 15 percent of the value of the work, although this hasn’t been finalised yet.

This means that swimming pools, verandas and other illegally built elements may also need to be legalised. Property owners will also have to meet new energy and water efficiency standards for their buildings.

It’s most likely that this will be carried out in a process similar to the Company Law, approved a few years ago. This will mean that the legalisation works must be approved by an architect, who will also carry out the economic valuation of the work.

Historically, rural or rustic land in the Balearic Islands has been highly desirable as urban planning pressure moved from the coasts to the interior of the islands. A series of restrictive laws and regulations aimed to put a stop to this. For example, in Menorca it is prohibited to give residential use to rural land.

READ ALSO: The Balearics’ new housing law explained

What problems might they face?

Opposition parties in the Balearic islands have rejected the proposed plans, complaining that offenders will be rewarded and will now be able to sell their houses at a much higher price than they would have done.

Initial reports suggest that owners will be able to sell their properties once they’ve be legalised, but they may be prohibited from turning them into tourist rentals. Vice President Antoni Costa confirmed that most likely, these homes will not be able to be used by tourists.

In order to make the urban planning process more efficient, these buildings will no longer have to obtain a cédula de habitabilidad or certificate of habitability. However, they will still have to get a municipal license.

The Vice President defended the plan saying that these measures would contribute to solving the housing problem insisting there would be “new housing as soon as possible”.

READ ALSO: How to get Spain’s certificate of liveability for properties

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