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EUROPEAN UNION

EXPLAINED: Why are residents in Italy being charged to receive small parcels from outside the EU?

New EU regulations mean people now have to pay VAT charges to receive even small parcels from outside the bloc. The Local spoke to experts to find out what those changes mean for you, and how to avoid paying more than necessary.

Ina FASSBENDER / AFP
Photo: Ina FASSBENDER/AFP

In early September, Helen Wood received a delivery at her office in a town outside Rome. It was a small present from her daughter – not an unusual occurrence.

But this time, the postal worker produced a slip demanding a payment of €3.26.

The package, which contained a tea towel and an artisanal wooden postcard from the Isle of Mull, was marked as having a value of just £5. Helen challenged the charges, but eventually paid up when the worker insisted they would have to return the gift to the post office depot if she didn’t.

“It’s absolutely ridiculous,” says Helen. “It feels like an abuse of the system.”

Helen, who has lived in Italy for 40 years, is one of a large number of EU residents who in the last couple of months have had surprise charges sprung on them for deliveries and gifts sent from outside the EU.

Emma Trend, an English language teacher who’s been living in Reggio Emilia for the past year having moved with her family from Spain, says she’s stopped ordering packages from the UK, and has warned her extended family and friends to stop sending them presents.

“It’s very bizarre how it’s all come about – it was almost like it was introduced without warning, and wasn’t thought through properly,” she says.

The changes have caused widespread confusion, leaving frustrated EU residents wondering where the charges have come from and why they were brought in in the middle of the calendar year.

What exactly is going on?

Until June 30th, 2021, packages imported into the EU with a value of less than €22 were exempt from import VAT charges. That exemption was abolished on July 1st, meaning that VAT is now due on all goods imported into the bloc.

The EU says the change was made to combat fraud via the widespread under-reporting of the value of goods to dodge the tax, and to make things fairer for companies trading within the EU.

It was supposed to come into effect from the start of January, but was pushed back to July because of pandemic-related delays.

The rule is just part of a raft of reforms designed to update the EU’s systems and bring them in line with 21st-century global trading practices, where international e-commerce accounts for a large chunk of the market.

What does this have to do with Brexit?

In one sense, the changes have everything to do with Brexit, since if the UK hadn’t left the EU customs union it wouldn’t be a non-EU, or ‘extra-EU’ country.

It’s important to bear in mind, however, that the abolition of the €22 ‘low value consignment’ threshold that kicked in from July is an EU-wide regulation that applies to imports from every extra-EU country, not just the UK.

Confusingly, after the UK left the EU customs union on December 31st, 2020, there was a brief six month window where EU residents were required to pay VAT on only those packages received from the UK that had value of over €22 – a threshold which was then reduced to zero on July 1st.

READ ALSO: Why sending parcels between the UK and Italy is more expensive after Brexit

Photo: JEAN-CHRISTOPHE VERHAEGEN/AFP

Until now I haven’t had to pay import VAT on any packages from outside the EU, regardless of their value. How is this possible?

It might simply be the case that your package slipped through the net – you technically should have been asked to pay the import VAT, but the customs authorities let it slide because they didn’t have the capacity to check every item.

Philip Munn, a VAT partner at the international tax and auditing firm RSM, also points out there is also a longstanding exemption for ‘personal imports’ (i.e., items you already owned) which remains in place with the new rules – so you shouldn’t be charged VAT, for example, to bring your existing furniture over to Italy from the UK when moving house.

I’ve noticed I’m also suddenly being charged import VAT for packages sent within the EU. What’s that about?

Sarah Shears, who heads up the VAT Group at the UK office of the global tax firm Andersen, says the changes that came in on July 1st also abolished what was known as the ‘distance selling threshold’ within the EU.

Previously, if EU suppliers selling to EU consumers imported goods with a total value of less than €35,000 per year into most EU countries (the threshold was €100,000 for Germany, Luxemburg and the Netherlands), they weren’t required to register for VAT in the buyer’s country, and could instead pay the VAT in the seller’s country.

This meant that a savvy customer in, say, Sweden could buy products from a supplier in an EU country with a much lower VAT rate (e.g., Luxemburg), to shave off costs.

The replacement rules hold that EU suppliers who sell goods with a collective value of more than €10,000 per year across all countries throughout the EU must now pay VAT to the country where the buyer is based using the EU’s new VAT ‘One Stop Shop’.

But because the transaction is occurring within the EU, you can pay the import VAT up front at the point of sale and your goods won’t be held at customs (because, after all, you’re trading within the customs union) – so it’s possible you may not even have noticed the change.

Photo: Ina FASSBENDER/AFP

How is the VAT charge calculated? Does it vary depending on where the package is sent from?

Each country has its own VAT rates for different items – for example, smartphones in Italy are charged at a standard VAT rate of 22%.

When an item’s subject to import VAT, you’re adding up the value of the item, plus things like transaction costs (how much you paid for shipping), insurance, and import duty, and then calculating the VAT based on the total sum – so you’ll be paying higher Italian VAT on a frying pan imported to Italy from the UK than the exact same brand of frying pan bought in Italy.

Some readers have commented that it seems like they’re paying more VAT on packages from some non-EU countries than from others. This shouldn’t be the case, say Munn and Shears.

“Anywhere outside the EU, one would expect them to be the same,” says Munn – although he points out that under the terms of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the UK, products manufactured and sent from the UK are exempt from EU customs duties.

Munn also notes that many sellers pass the responsibility of collecting the VAT on to the freight forwarding agent (i.e., courier or postal service) carrying out the delivery, in which case that company will charge an additional, separate, handling fee.

Italian residents will typically see this identified as diritti postali. Poste Italiane’s charge is between €2 and €15 per package, depending on its value – which means you could find yourself (as I did) in the strange situation of paying a  €2 handling charge and  €0.51 VAT to be allowed to collect a £1.31 magazine.

Photo: Andy Buchanan/AFP

What about presents? Do I really have to pay VAT on those?

Helen is now worried about what will happen this Christmas, when she would normally exchange gifts with family outside the EU.

“With people sending bulky cards with pop ups inside that maybe cost £2 to post from the UK, am I going to be charged  €3.26 to receive it?” she asks.

Emma says she’s told her family to avoid even sending her letters, in case she’s charged for those.

The EU’s taxation and customs union website reports that private packages with a value of up to €45 “are not subject to prohibitions or restrictions,” and the customs and finance authorities of various countries, including Austria, Finland, and Germany, also say on their websites that gifts of up to €45 are not subject to customs duty or VAT charges.

The website of the Italian postal service, Poste Italiane, says “if the item is not of a commercial nature (as the object is sent between private individuals on an occasional basis and without remuneration) and its intrinsic value is less than 45 euros, no charge is required.”.

However, in Italy at least, that exemption does not seem to have been applied. Many of The Local’s readers have – like Helen – reported being charged Italian VAT and postal handling fees for gifts valued at as little as €5.

As of September 15th, The Local had not received a response from Poste Italiane to a request for clarification on why in practice Italian residents are being charged to receive low-value gift packages.

Regardless, letters and cards should definitely not be subject to any VAT charge, say Shears and Munn.

Photo: CHRISTOF STACHE/AFP

So what can buyers in the EU do?

To go along with its new reforms, the EU introduced the ‘Import One Stop Shop’, or IOSS. Previously, non-EU sellers would have to register separately for VAT in each EU country they sold in. With the IOSS, they can now register for VAT just once, in whichever EU country they choose, in order to declare and pay VAT anywhere in the bloc.

The significance of this from a customer’s perspective, says Munn, is that with IOSS-subscribed suppliers the buyer can pay the import VAT at the point of purchase, avoiding the hassle of collecting the package from the courier or post office and paying an additional handling fee.

If you want to continue ordering products from a certain non-EU company, then, the first step is to ask them if they are signed up to the IOSS; and if they’re not, to ask them to do so.

Bear in mind that the IOSS can only be used for goods with a value of less than  €150 – for items with a greater value, VAT will still need to be paid on delivery.

In those cases, says Munn, many sellers have calculators on their websites that give you an indication of what your total costs are going to be. “Essentially they’ll say you need to pay £1000 now, but don’t forget you’ve got €400-500 of duty and VAT and other things to pay before the goods arrive on your doorstep” he says.

For gift packages, The Local is continuing to look into the current rules in the EU and in Italy, and will provide updates as we receive more information.

Member comments

  1. If an item is sent / exported from the UK (say to Italy) is the item not still exempt from UK VAT? Is this also the case when exporting an item from an EU country to a non EU country?

  2. This happened to me! A friend from South Korea sent me a gift valued at 30 euros, but in order to get the package, I had to pay another 30 euros. Thank you for this article explaining why this happened.

  3. As long term residents in Italy, with family in the Republic of Ireland, the UK and USA, we have been affected greatly by the change in the rules over parcels.

    We have told our family not to send us presents, and have stopped ordering items from the UK. Whilst we can access most of these through EU websites (Amazon It, Amazon De etc) one area we have problems with is getting books in English. We can get most of the books on Kindle, but we often still want to have the book physically.

    Paradoxically we have ordered items on Italian websites which have been supplied by UK based companies, without having to pay extra. We are not really sure why this so, and whether this has changed since the beginning of July.

  4. Hi. I’ve also been hit with crazy charges for presents from the US, have to pay the postal delivery woman in cash when she appears at our house, or I don’t get the package. At least now I understand what’s going on. Like others have commented, I have told family/friends not to send me anything. Same issue as others above about ordering English language books. Annoying.

  5. Recently I ordered from Ebay.uk Yale hinge bolts for my door here in France. I was obliged to pay an additional 5 euros charges for the importation. However, I am wondering if this is correct since the Chubb hinge bolts are apparently made in England; and as you wrote, should not attract any extra fees or charges.

  6. I ordered curtain fabric from England. I did extensive research into the cost of import tax etc. Several online sites I checked on were around 88 euros on top of the cost of fabric. I finally got a invoice from TNT for 140 euros. 50 being administration charges. Buying from England has become a no go area, for Brits in Europe.

  7. Last week ,from France ,I ordered 3 Hermesetas products via Amazon which arrived yesterday from the UK , I found the parcel in my letterbox.

  8. My US-based company sells to EU customers, but when I tried to sign up for IOSS, I was unable. Instead, I discovered that non-EU companies need a presence in an EU country to collect and remit VAT. That’s something smaller companies like mine don’t have. The EU (in their infinite wisdom!) won’t allow us to collect and remit their VAT, which makes this latest move protectionist and unfair. This article makes it seem like companies like mine can participate in the new system, but in reality, we cannot. We’re being shut out, which has negative consequences for us and our customers.

  9. It’s not just Brits in Europe. It’s anyone in Europe who receives gifts sent from the UK. The Italian example is replicated all over Europe. We have family in Denmark. A small birthday present to my wife’s sister, clearly labelled a present of less than £20 value prompted a charge of £25. The parcel never actually arrived at all and was returned to us in the UK, – 9 weeks later.

  10. I definitely want updates on this…I just paid 5 euros to receive a package my sister sent me from the US and the value she indicated was 15 dollars (correctly as it was trashy American junk food like Cheetos and Captain Crunch lol). I want answers on why I was taxed!

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For members

TAXES

Should you hire an accountant to file your Italian taxes?

Italy's tax system is notoriously complex. Can you realistically expect to navigate it yourself, or should you pay a professional?

Should you hire an accountant to file your Italian taxes?

The Italian tax system has a reputation for being particularly difficult to navigate. Don’t just take our word for it: the prime minister herself recently described her country’s tax rules as “illogical and vexatious… and quite useless too.”

But as you face the upcoming tax season you may be wondering: just how hard it can really be to manage your Italian tax affairs yourself? After all, this isn’t the most straightforward or pleasant task in any country.

READ ALSO: When are the deadlines for filing your Italian income tax return?

For Italy’s foreign residents, it’s frequently recommended that you seek help from an accountant or another tax professional, not least because the language barrier increases the risk of potentially costly mistakes.

The complexity of the system also means Italians themselves often seek professional advice on tax issues, particularly if their tax situation is at all complicated.

While the Italian inland revenue agency (Agenzie delle Entrate) has taken steps to simplify the process of filing a tax return in recent years, and even provides some Italian tax information in English, the tax forms themselves are not available in English and there’s a lot to understand about the rules.

When filing a tax return, getting professional advice can be particularly important if you’re making changes to the pre-filled sections of the 730 form, or if you’re self-employed and need to use the redditi PF form.

Find out more about these forms and the deadlines for filing them in 2024 here.

We asked readers whether they would recommend using an accountant over filing taxes yourself, and the majority agreed that, for them, professional help was worth the cost.

“There’s not a chance I would file my own taxes in Italy,” said self-employed British reader Greg in Lombardy. “The rules keep changing, it becomes very time-consuming.”

He pointed out that back in the UK most people do not need to file an annual income tax return, and said that as a result he thinks some British nationals in Italy tend to “underestimate” the difficulty and “think they can go the DIY route.”

“I see time and again people asking for advice [about taxes] on expat groups,” he said, adding that there’s a lot of “wrong information” being given in response.

“Not worth it. Just pay an accountant,” he advises.

READ ALSO: What is an Italian commercialista and do you really need one?

Janine in Tuscany said her commercialista (accountant) has saved her money. She has friends who have “tried to apply for some of the [tax] bonuses themselves but never heard anything back,” while her claims submitted by a professional were processed quickly.

“They know the ins and outs of the system and can just get things done,” she said.

Meanwhile, in a recent article on filing US and Italian taxes, some American readers told us they needed not one but two accountants – one in each country.

“Get professional tax advice for your specific situation. Know that double taxation is real, despite the existence of tax treaties,” advised one anonymous American reader who said they pay for professional help in order to avoid being audited in Italy.

READ ALSO: Reader question: Do US nationals in Italy have to pay taxes twice?

Others told us that, while they needed help with their American taxes, they found they were able to handle their Italian tax return themselves using software such as TurboTax.

Those who have hired a tax professional also stressed the importance of choosing someone with experience of handling international tax affairs.

“You will probably end up paying ‘expat rates’, especially if you need someone who speaks English,” said reader Nancy, from the US. “Make sure you get recommendations, make sure they understand your situation.”

If you have concerns about filing your own taxes in Italy, you don’t always have to pay for help.

Italy has a national network of tax assistance centres (Centro Assistenza Fiscale, or CAF) which provide free advice on tax matters and can also help you complete and file your tax return, submit claims for financial assistance, and more. Find your nearest office here – though be aware that not all staff will speak English, and they get very busy ahead of tax season.

If you’d prefer to look into hiring a tax professional, find out more about what exactly a commercialista can help with and how to find one in this article.

For general information on the tax requirements you may face, consult the tax agency (Agenzie delle Entrate). Find your nearest office here.

Please note that The Local is unable to advise on individual cases. Find more information on the Italian tax agency’s website (in English).

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