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BREXIT

OPINION: It’s heart-breaking that millions of Brits may never get the opportunities I have had

British people have woken up a little less free this morning, as the door slams shut on our European freedom of movement.

OPINION: It's heart-breaking that millions of Brits may never get the opportunities I have had
Photo: AFP
That means that millions of people will be denied the opportunities that I, many of my colleagues at The Local and thousands of others have been afforded – to move to another country, travel, work, fall in love and in build new lives.
 
Growing up, I never really considered the option of moving abroad and I don't come from the sort of family money that means I could spend an extended period without working as an adult. If I was ever to do any travelling more serious than a fortnight on a beach, I would have to work as I did it – and freedom of movement meant that I could do just that.
 
I've been lucky enough to move to France (twice) and end up where I am now – doing a job that I love in Paris.
 
 
The first time I moved I didn't even give it much thought –  in 2011 I moved to southern France largely on a whim – and speaking barely a word of French – to take up a job I'd been offered.
 
From today, the door has slammed shut on many other Brits who might have been thinking of their own off-the-cuff French adventure.
 
Sure, moving to France after Brexit as a Brit will of course still be possible, but it will become a matter of visas, residency cards and a significant level of expense.
 
 
These are not 'new rules' – they are the rules already in place for non-European citizens like Americans, Canadians and Australians.
 
And a lot of them manage to move to France – but only after months of dealing with visas, followed by the complex French residency paperwork that freedom of movement made unnecessary for British citizens.
 
As well as the paperwork, there's also a financial aspect.
 
Visas themselves can be expensive (as well as the cost of the document you will usually need to pay a certified translator to translate your supporting documents) but many of them also carry requirements for you to demonstrate 'sufficient means' – ie have a not-insignificant amount of savings or income.
 
Employers have to jump through extra hoops when hiring non EU staff, meaning that although there will still be jobs here they will be harder for Brits to get.
 
So will you be able to move to France without working? Yes, but again you will need to prove that you have money in the bank.
 
Even if you find work after you have arrived and sorted out residency you will still need a substantial pot of cash to finance yourself for the months when you are not earning.
 
 
Frequently in France you meet people who moved here for a couple of months to do odd jobs back in 1992 and are still here; or who shacked up with a Frenchman they met on holiday and are now married with seven kids; or who came as penniless students for an Erasmus year, fell in love and never left. None of those types of story will continue. 
 
As for people who want to retire to France, they too will need either a generous private pension or a significant amount of savings to meet the income requirements.
 
Many of the British retirees who live here now – people who have worked all their life in reasonably low-paying jobs, often in the public sector – will simply not qualify under the new regime.
 
While those who want to buy a place in France just to visit will find themselves constrained by the 90-day rule from today.
 
All of which means that moving countries and building a life beyond the confines of your childhood will become available to a much narrower group of people – those with money.
 
While for tens of thousands of people of more modest means it will remain a dream forever out of reach.

Member comments

  1. Thank you Emma, this piece is spot on. As my fellow Sheffielder Phil Oakey wrote: These are the things that dreams are made of. I’m rather older than you and I remember what Europe used to be like before freedom of movement: it was full of tedious formalities that have now returned. Yes, you could do the Eurorail thing but there were still strict limits. Schengen blew all that away. Even more, I spent a good deal of time in the 60s and 70s travelling for study and work to Eastern Europe and the then USSR and that was far worse. My generation was the first in the UK that knew the benefits of European travel without getting shot at or having to shoot other people. For the last 28 years I’ve just loved being a European. My wife and I planned to have our retirements on the Cote d’Azur and bought an apartment in Nice a few years back before that damned vote, now our choice is either 90 days in any six months or take up French residence and get French taxation which will play havoc with our no longer tax exempt SIPPS and ISAs. And all because some people got pissed off with hearing people speaking Polish in Tesco or whatever. The economic downside of Brexit is going to be hard but right now for me it’s the end to freedom of movement that really hurts: I knew the world when it was bad, then it became good and it was sheer delight, now it’s gone bad again, we’re shut out and everybody else can have fun but not us. Sod it. We’ll be back some time I suppose but not, I fear, in my lifetime.
    Oh well, tell us all about it Phil, music hath charms and all that: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehYU6p3aIZQ

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BRITS IN FRANCE

9 things Brits need to know about moving to France since Brexit

There's no doubt that Brexit has made moving to France more complicated for Brits - but it is still possible. Here are some of things you need to know before making the move.

9 things Brits need to know about moving to France since Brexit

Brits who want to move to France now face a radically different process from those who took advantage of EU freedom of movement to make the move before Brexit. 

It’s a more complicated process – but it’s still possible and 8,700 UK nationals moved to France in 2023

Here are some of the big things you need to know before making the move.

1 Visa

The biggest post-Brexit change is that Brits moving to France now require a visa (unless they have dual nationality with an EU country).

The visa must be applied for first, and only when it is granted can you make the move – you cannot come to France and then apply for residency (unless you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement, more on that below).

There are various different types of visas depending on what you intend to do in France – work, study, retire etc – and many of them contain conditions eg people on a ‘visitor’ visa are not permitted to work in France.

It makes things less flexible as it’s harder to change your plans once you have arrived. It also means that it’s harder to have a ‘half and half’ lifestyle – eg retire from your day job and move to France to run a gîte or B&B.

Explained: What type of French visa do you need

The best visa type is undoubtedly the ‘Talent Passport’, so it’s worth checking whether you fit any of the criteria for this visa type

2 Residency card

Once you have your visa and have moved to France this is very far from being the end of the process.

You will need to apply for a residency card after a certain period (usually three months but different visa types have different rules) and according to your personal situation you may also be required to attend a compulsory medical, language classes and ‘integration’ classes through the French office of immigration and integration (OFII) – more on that here

READ ALSO Getting a French visa – what paperwork comes next?

3 Health cover 

When it comes to health there is some good news – Brits have retained many of their pre-Brexit rights to healthcare.

While you may need to provide proof of private health cover for your visa (depending on the visa type) once you have been resident in France for three months you are entitled to register in the French health system, which covers most of your medical costs.

Full details on how to register HERE.

Brits who are retired and have reached UK pension age also retain their right to an S1 – the status which entitles you to register in the French health system, while the UK continues to pay your medical costs.

4 Remote working 

The rise in remote working means that the dream of moving abroad seems much closer for working-age people – since you will be able to work remotely in your native language, maybe even keep your existing job and simply relocate.

While this is possible, you need to do careful research in advance to ensure that work is compliant with your visa and tax situation. Unlike some countries, France does not have a ‘digital nomad visa’ or other visa types aimed at remote workers, in fact the visa rules were written before remote working became widespread, which is why there are some grey areas.

Most lawyers advise getting a working visa (salarié if you are working remotely for a French company as an employee, or auto-entrepreneur for freelancers) and paying social contributions in France. Find full details on visa and tax implications.

READ ALSO France’s entrepreneur visa and how to get it

You also need to be aware that being a remote working can have an effect on your long-term plans in France – for example if after five years of residence you intend to apply for French citizenship you will need to prove that the ‘centre of your economic activity’ in in France. If all your work is done remotely for foreign companies then this could be a reason to have citizenship refused. 

5 Working restrictions 

If you want to work in France (remotely or not) you first need to check if there are any restrictions on your profession – certain types of work are ‘regulated professions’ in France, which means you will need specific French qualifications and/or registration within a French guild or professional organisation. The number of professions that are ‘regulated’ is surprisingly wide – taking in everything from chimney sweeping to hairdressing.

The next step is whether your qualifications will be recognised in France – EU countries generally recognise most of each other’s qualifications apart from in certain specific areas like medicine, but this is no longer the case for qualifications gained in the UK – more details here.

There are also certain jobs that are restricted to French citizens only, while others – including working in the public sector in positions including being a librarian – are limited to EU citizens only.

In visa terms, the simplest way for working-age people to come to France is as a salarié (employee) but to do this you will need a job already in place and your new employers will have to act as sponsors for your visa and may also be required to get a work permit for you. All of which means that Brits are less attractive as employees than EU citizens, which makes getting a job harder.

The other option is to be self-employed as either a freelancer, contractor or running a small business – this is a more complicated visa to get, requiring a detailed business plan. Once in France you need to register yourself as a small business/self-employed and register with Urssaf.

READ ALSO Urssaf – what is it and how does it work?

6 Tax

If you are living in France, then you will need to do the annual income tax declaration – even if all your income comes from abroad and you are retired/not working in France.

Full details on that HERE.

This was in fact the case before Brexit as well but previously there was a little more flexibility for people who split their time between France and the UK. These days if you want to be here for the majority of the year then you will need a visa/residency card, which removes much of the ambiguity about who is a ‘resident’.

The main post-Brexit difference is the rate at which prélèvements sociaux (social charges, similar to National Insurance) are charged on overseas income (eg earnings from work in the UK or income from renting out a UK property).

The rate is 7.5 percent for income from an EU country and 17.2 percent for income from a non-EU country – after Brexit, UK income switched to the non-EU rate.

7 Driving licence 

Foreigners who make France their home will sooner or later need to swap their driving licence for a French one. This too was the case even before Brexit, but many UK or NI licence holders never got round to making the switch, and there wasn’t a lot of enforcement of the rule.

This has now been tightened up and UK/NI licence holders will need to swap their licences for a French one – the exact details of when you make the swap are slightly different for Brits than from other non-EU nationals due to a specific UK-France deal. Find full details HERE.

If you want to bring a car with you from the UK to France, you will also need to re-register it as French – full details HERE.

8 Banks 

Most people moving to France will want to set up a French bank account for daily life, but you may also need a UK account, especially if you are a pensioner as some pensions will only pay into a UK account.

However since Brexit some of the biggest UK high street banks have been closing the accounts of their customers who do not live in the UK.

Alternatives include specific ‘expat’ accounts or internet banks – more details HERE.

9 The Brexit Withdrawal Agreement

It’s worth mentioning the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement even though most of it will not apply to newcomers. In brief, the citizens’ rights part of the Withdrawal Agreement covered people who moved to France prior to December 31st 2020, and intended to give them an easy way to remain in France and retain at least some of their pre-Brexit rights.

In general it does not apply to newcomers unless you are a close family member of someone who is covered by the Withdrawal Agreement – either a spouse or civil partner (in which case you must have married/ registered your partnership prior to December 31st 2020) or child. These people have a different path to residency, and can arrive in France and then request residency via the local préfecture of the family member who is already living here.

It’s also worth mentioning because of how different it is to the situation for new arrivals. It’s normal to ask Brits already living in France how they found the whole process – but if someone starts to tell you that getting residency is easy, the first question that you need to ask is when they moved here.

Those here prior to 2021 did indeed get an easy process – they had a special website to apply online for (free) residency cards and received straight away either a 5-year or 10-year card. This is a totally difference process to the one for Brits moving to France now.

If you’re asking around you would be better talking to Americans, Canadians or other non-EU nationals since their process is much more similar to that now in place for Brits.

. . . And new deals/visas/residency permits for Brits

Every now and again UK media will report which great excitement the possibility of a ‘new deal’ for Brits that will make moving to France, or buying a second home here, easier.

These reports should all be taken with a pinch of salt – there are currently no negotiations underway that would affect the process of Brits moving to France, and even if something is proposed in the near future it will likely take years to come into effect because these types of international agreements usually happen slowly.

A proposal for a ‘youth mobility scheme’ from the EU was rejected out of hand by British politicians before it had even been formally offered.

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