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How Italy plans to stop mafia preying on Covid-hit businesses

Italy has stepped up measures to stop mafia infiltration into companies now struggling financially due to coronavirus, and to stop crime groups siphoning funds meant for crisis relief.

How Italy plans to stop mafia preying on Covid-hit businesses
A charity food bank in Italy, where poverty has worsened following the coronavirus shutdown - and mafia stand to profit. Photo: AFP

Officials have issued an average of 150 “anti-mafia bans” each month so far this year; measures that prevent a company from entering into contracts with

public administration, Italy's La Repubblica newspaper reported.
 
The figure was a 25 percent rise on last year, according to the paper.
 
The efforts are part of a broader attempt to keep European Union recovery funds out of the hands of criminal groups, a risk Interior Minister Luciana Lamorgese warned of earlier this year as the pandemic began to bite.
 
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Police are investigating about 3,000 cases of alleged fraud involving funds intended to help those hit by the pandemic and subsequent shutdown, Il Sole 24 Ore said.
 
The southern regions of Campania, Sicily and Calabria, where the three most powerful mafias originate, have been the primary focus of the bans.
 
But Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna in northern and central Italy have also accounted for a substantial number, underscoring the national – as well as international – reach of organised crime groups.
 
 
The groups have been offering loans or buying out companies that hit dire financial difficulties after Italy imposed a more than two-month lockdown in
March.
 
“The mafia's movements, in this period, focus more than ever on financing, acquisitions and infiltration into companies,” national anti-mafia prosecutor
Cafiero De Raho told Il Sole 24 Ore.
 
 
“We are checking, for example, for what we define as 'inconsistent' investments, looking at volumes (of funds transferred), subjects and destinations.”
 
The most affected sectors are restaurants, hotels, food production, supermarkets and construction, in addition to private companies in the health sector.
 
Each group has their own preferences.
 
While the Camorra mafia from Campania has been sourcing masks and Sicily's Cosa Nostra sanitation equipment, Calabria's 'Ndrangheta has targeted public
construction including health care projects, La Repubblica reported.
 
 
A total of 1,400 bans have been issued in 2020 with the rate rising in the last four months, when government aid began to reach companies, the paper
wrote. 
 
Police have also reportedly seen a sharp increase in cases of mafia lending to the unemployed and poorest sections of the population.

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CRIME

Italy has most recovery fund fraud cases in EU, report finds

Italy is conducting more investigations into alleged fraud of funds from the EU post-Covid fund and has higher estimated losses than any other country, the European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO) said.

Italy has most recovery fund fraud cases in EU, report finds

The EPPO reportedly placed Italy under special surveillance measures following findings that 179 out of a total of 206 investigations into alleged fraud of funds through the NextGenerationEU programme were in Italy, news agency Ansa reported.

Overall, Italy also had the highest amount of estimated damage to the EU budget related to active investigations into alleged fraud and financial wrongdoing of all types, the EPPO said in its annual report published on Friday.

The findings were published after a major international police investigation into fraud of EU recovery funds on Thursday, in which police seized 600 million euros’ worth of assets, including luxury villas and supercars, in northern Italy.

The European Union’s Recovery and Resilience Facility, established to help countries bounce back from the economic blow dealt by the Covid pandemic, is worth more than 800 billion euros, financed in large part through common EU borrowing.

READ ALSO: ‘It would be a disaster’: Is Italy at risk of losing EU recovery funds?

Italy has been the largest beneficiary, awarded 194.4 billion euros through a combination of grants and loans – but there have long been warnings from law enforcement that Covid recovery funding would be targeted by organised crime groups.

2023 was reportedly the first year in which EU financial bodies had conducted audits into the use of funds under the NextGenerationEU program, of which the Recovery Fund is part.

The EPPO said that there were a total of 618 active investigations into alleged fraud cases in Italy at the end of 2023, worth 7.38 billion euros, including 5.22 billion euros from VAT fraud alone.

At the end of 2023, the EPPO had a total of 1,927 investigations open, with an overall estimated damage to the EU budget of 19.2 billion euros.

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