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HEALTH

La bise blues: How the French are coping with the coronavirus kissing ban

It's been the source of confusion and a certain amount of fear for years among foreigners - but now the French themselves have been told to stop kissing.

La bise blues: How the French are coping with the coronavirus kissing ban
La bise, the traditional French cheek kissing, is now banned due to coronavirus fears. Photo: AFP

One week has passed since the French health minister Olivier Véran pulled the rug out from underneath the feet of the entire French population by saying people should not longer do la bise, the distinctive French double (or treble) cheek kiss used when greeting people.

In order to try and slow the spread of coronavirus, French people have been asked to stop shaking hands and kissing when they greet each other.

You can follow our coverage of the latest on the coronavirus situation in France here.

 

Because la bise is so firmly ingrained in French culture, some people found it a bit difficult to know how to act post-bise.

“I've hear a lot of people complaining that they don't know what to do,” said Francis, an American from New York who has lived for 54 years in France. She said she thought la bise was “a very nice thing in the French culture.”

“It's friendly affectionate, but not too intimate,” she said.

READ ALSO: La bise – who to kiss in France, how often and on which cheek?

“I don't really mind, but a lot of people find it really bad,” Francis said.

 

The past week, French newspapers have been filled with advice on alternative ways of greeting each other.

A France Inter article called 10 ways to say hello without doing la bise or shaking hands listed the “Ebola handshake” (bumping elbows), the “footshake” or even a “namasté” as alternative ways of greeting someone.

Nouvel Obs simply asked: “What shall we do now?” 

“Say hello by a sign with the hand? Do a “footshake” or a “fist bump” like Barak Obama? A “Thai way?”

Etiquette expert Philippe Lichtfus, who has been widely cited in the media, explained to readers of daily Le Parisien how to do a proper handshake (although handshakes were blacklisted too by the health minister).

“It’s important to stand straight in front of the other person and not side on,” Lichtfus said, explaining that it is also possible “to greet each other without touching,” by simply “looking into a person's eyes.”

“By facing each other, making eye contact, and, importantly, wearing an ‘open’ facial expression,” Lichtfus said.

Former presidents Jacques Chirac and George Bush stuck to a handshake, but can you spot the difference in their attitudes? Photo: AFP

READ ALSO: Should two foreigners in France 'faire la bise'?

A despairing France trying to cope with quitting la bise cold turkey quickly turned into a national joke, with journalists poking fun at politicians who had said they would now stop doing la bise.

“France, the nation that loves body-contact, with people who stink and exchange slobbery kisses, has been reduced to just a shadow of its former self,” joked a France Inter radio journalist earlier this week, sarcastically recalling Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo saying how much she “loved doing la bise,” and was “really sorry” that she now would have to stop kissing people during her re-election campaign.

One of Hidalgo's main rivals, former health minister Agnès Buzyn, was also ridiculed for having told BFMTV that Parisians would probably “elbow bump” each other instead of kissing “within a week.”

 

But some French people said they had indeed resorted to an elbow bump to compensate for the lacking bise.

“I elbow bump my friends,” said Florence, 37.

“If it's people I don't know, I just nod my head. I prefer it, I don't really like shaking hands or doing la bise because of the bacteria.”

Kissing a police officer on the cheek would perhaps not be accepted in all countries, but France is not like everywhere else. Photo: AFP 

READ ALSO: Bretons fight for the right to give just one greeting kiss 

Elise, 33, said la bise was something she only did with people “you don't see every day.” She had stopped initiating la bise following the health minister's coronavirus advise.

“But if someone offers I won't turn them down. I don't really see how you could transmit anything just by touching each other's cheek,” she said.

“Unless you're really coughing on the other person, but frankly that never happens.”

“But I don't shake hands. And I use hand sanitiser more than before.”

READ ALSO (paywall free): Garlic and urine – things that will not protect you from coronavirus in France (plus a few things that will)

As Prime Minister of the UK, Theresa May had to do la bise when meeting her French counterpart, Emmanuel Macron. It was not a French tradition that she seemed to want to import to Britain. Photo: AFP

Sylvie, 56, said she also preferred saving la bise for close friends.

“It's a sign of friendship,” she said. 

She had stopped shaking people's hand and doing la bise because “they told us not to as a safety measure.” 

“I don't know where la bise comes from, it's just the way it is. The way it always has been,” she said.

“My son will do la bise with his male friends. That's something that seems to have changed from one generation to the next.”

“When I was young, men used to shake hands instead of kissing.”

READ ALSO The everyday precautions you can take against coronavirus 

And in general it seems that the French are pretty obedient to the new rules.

Simon, 28, was the only person The Local spoke to who said he had not stopped doing la bise.

“We hear so much about the coronavirus, but I don't really feel like it's that exceptional,” he said.

Simon said he would do la bise with friends (male and female), but not strangers. 

“That's just the way it is in France,” he said.

“I guess it's more symbolic than shaking hands.”

 

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LIVING IN FRANCE

Explained: What are ‘French values’?

Part of France's new immigration law is a requirement for foreigners living in France to sign a contract saying that they respect 'French values' - but what actually are these values?

Explained: What are 'French values'?

France’s new immigration law, passed in January after a tumultuous political journey, includes several big changes for foreigners living in France or those hoping to move here, including French language tests.

Also included in the text is a Contrat d’engagement au respect des principes de la République (contract of engagement to respect the principles of the French republic). This is a new requirement that everyone applying for a French residency card or visa – including people renewing residency cards – will have to sign this contract agreeing to ‘respect the principles of the French republic’.

You can read full details of how this will work in practice and which groups are affected HERE.

Because this requirement has not yet come into force we don’t know the exact wording of the contract that people will be asked to sign.

But there is a similar requirement already for certain groups of people applying for residency, while people applying for French citizenship are also asked to demonstrate that they understand and adhere to the values of France.

So what are the values of France?

Article 1 of the French Constitution defines the French republic as “indivisible, secular, democratic and social” and adds that these values constitute the 4 pillars of the republic. 

The website of the president’s Elysée Palace defines the 4 values like this:

Indivisible – that no individual or group is exempt from the laws of the republic or is allowed to exercise sovereignty over the rest of the population.

They add that the principle of unity guarantees that laws, rights and duties are the same throughout mainland France and the overseas territories (although in fact there are several small differences to laws between France and some of its overseas territories).

The Elysée adds that being ‘indivisible’ is why France only has one officially recognised language – French. Although regional languages such as Breton and Occitan have legal recognition, they are not official languages of France.

Secular – French laws on laïcité – which first came into force in 1905 – state that all residents of France are entitled to their religious beliefs, but that religion plays no part in the state itself.

It is this principle that explains why, for example, Christmas cribs are not allowed in town halls while state employees are banned from wearing religious symbols, like the kippah or the hijab headscarf.

READ ALSO What does laïcité really mean in France? 

Although the basic principle of laïcité is a straightforward one, the details remain contentious and even many French people either don’t understand them or pretend not to understand them for political reasons.

Meanwhile topics that relate in some way to laïcité – such as the wearing of the full-body burkini swimsuit often favoured by Muslim women in public swimming pools – tend to be hot-button issues

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The Elysée adds: “Secularism is one of our most precious values, the keystone of a harmonious society, the cement of a united France.” 

Democratic – The idea of a democratic political system is hardly unique in Europe, but the French definition includes the line “The democratic nature of the Republic implies respect for fundamental freedoms”.

These are often defined as supporting concepts such as freedom of expression, freedom of religious belief and freedom to love (for example, through same-sex marriage).

“Regardless of their personal history, level of education, wealth or gender, all citizens have the same value in the eyes of the State,” says the Elysée. A nice idea that we can all get behind, but it’s not too hard to find examples of where that isn’t actually true in daily life in France.

Social – this sounds like a bit of a vague term, but the Elysée insists “the social character of the Republic stems from its commitment to equality”.

So you would be expected to adhere to values such as equality between men and women, social cohesion and equality of opportunity in order to demonstrate your commitment to the principles of the republic.

“To ensure that this equality of rights is full and complete, alive and concrete, the State also works to ensure equality of opportunity by providing special support for disadvantaged or vulnerable citizens, and by encouraging social cohesion in the fields of education, housing, employment and health,” the Elysée adds.

Again, this is perhaps more of a goal than a daily reality, but support for disadvantaged or vulnerable people – for example through sickness benefits or state-funded healthcare – can therefore be seen as a ‘French value’.

How do you demonstrate these?

The new Republican integration contract will be a form of words that applicants must sign when completing an application for a residency permit – not too dissimilar to accepting the terms and conditions when making an online purchase.

If you want to become French the requirement is a little tougher and you will need to demonstrate that you both understand and adhere to those values.

Unlike some countries France doesn’t have a written citizenship test, instead it’s an in-person interview where you have to demonstrate; your knowledge of France and its culture; your understanding of French values; your agreement and adherence to those values and principles.

People who have been through the citizenship interview often report seemingly strange or random questions such as ‘Do you and your husband share household chores equally’ or ‘Would you accept having a male gynaecologist’ – although these questions can seem bizarre, they make more sense once you understand the values they are trying to test.

READ ALSO What might you be asked in the French citizenship interview

Because laïcité is both a particularly French concept and one widely misunderstood by foreigners, it almost always comes up during citizenship interviews.

It’s important to point out that adhering to these values do not mean that you can’t criticise the government, its policies or even go on a protest about a particular issue – after all, what is more French than protesting?

But if you want to gain French citizenship, you will need to demonstrate that you agree with the ‘four pillars’ as outlined above. 

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