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TUSCANY

Weekend Wanderlust: In search of silence in the Casentino forest

The ancient, spiritual heart of the Casentino forest in eastern Tuscany is full of sights straight out of a fairytale, and it's the perfect place to escape everyday life.

Weekend Wanderlust: In search of silence in the Casentino forest
The "sacred forest" of Camaldoli. Photo: Sheila Bandini

It’s no secret that apartment blocks in Italian cities can be incredibly noisy, and I’m convinced my neighbours might be the noisiest of all.

As I lie awake in the dark, listening to them rearrange the furniture at five in the morning, I often imagine having my own Tuscan villa in the middle of nowhere. It would be completely surrounded by silent forest, with not a noisy neighbour for miles.

It might take me a while to save up for this fantasy villa. Especially since, in my mind, it has a pool and an olive grove. But in the meantime I can go to visit the many silent places in the Tuscan forests on the weekend, and reclaim a little bit of my sanity.

My favourite such place is Casentino. The area is apparently known locally as La Toscana nascosta (Hidden Tuscany) and it really does get very few visitors, particularly considering its proximity to overcrowded Florence and some of the heavily touristed rural areas nearby.

This region in the upper Arno valley of eastern Tuscany is particularly wild and beautiful, as well as peaceful.

Screenshot, Google Maps

The Parco nazionale delle foreste Casentinesi is home to 36,000 hectares of lush, deep forest. These ancient woods are packed with wild boar, porcini mushrooms, and well-marked hiking trails, and right now they’re a blaze of red and gold.

To get here you will need to drive, but if this isn’t a good reason to hire a car and have a go at driving in Italy then I don’t know what is.

It’s less than an hour’s drive from Florence, despite feeling like a million miles away.

Casentino is a magical place, and not just in my sleep-deprived imagination. It’s said to be where Dante wrote parts of his Divine Comedy, and where Saint Francis of Assisi received his stigmata.

The area’s high altitude also gives it crisp, fresh air, an abundance of natural spring water and a wild remoteness and tranquillity. For centuries, if not longer, it’s been known as a place for spiritual retreat.

Monasteries, sanctuaries and hermitages have flourished in the area, and many of these ancient monastic retreats continue to thrive today.

One of the best known is the Monastery of Camaldoli, or eremo di Camaldoli, where monks live in spartan living conditions, keeping a code of absolute silence for months on end.

The monastery can be visited. Free guided tours are held several times a day, letting you explore the tiny houses and lavish church, and get a glimpse of life at a monastic retreat deep in the Tuscan mountains.

The only sign of life on my visit was the wood smoke drifting over the retreat’s stone cottages, in a scene that could’ve been several centuries old.

The Camaldoli monastic retreat. Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

Geographically, Camaldoli is the “heart” of the Casentino forests. It’s a spiritual place surrounded by ancient woods of spruce and beech trees, taken care of by the monks themselves since the 11th century.

The church inside the monastery. Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

The monastery’s antica farmacia sells natural handmade soaps, sweets and strong, herbal liqueurs made by the monks of Camaldoli themselves, and the building is almost as pretty as the surrounding forest.

The Camaldoli monastery’s ‘antica farmacia’. Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

About twenty minutes’ walk from the monastery is the enchanting Castagno Miraglia. This ancient, hollowed-out chestnut tree, which has a circumference of about 12 meters and is at least 300 years old, is straight out of a fairy tale.

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

It gets its name from the Countess Elena Mazzarini Miraglia, who was a frequent visitor at the end of the nineteenth century: in fact, she’s said to have put a small table and chair inside the cavity of the tree and spent long hours there, embroidering. 

Her table was only recently removed, when the protective railing around the tree was built.

I’m not saying you should climb under the railing and sit inside the cavity for a while, imagining what it was like to be the Countess. But it’s the kind of place where even the most tech-addicted city dweller would find themselves feeling calm and close to nature. 

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

From there it was a short drive to visit the Castello di Romena. The drive up to this small hilltop fortress is what Tuscan dreams are made of, with narrow, winding roads between rows of tall cypresses.

Romena Castle seen from a distance. Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

At this time of year there are very few visitors, but I was only allowed in for ten minutes – I’d forgotten about the castle’s shorter winter opening hours and arrived as they were about to lock up.

So with time to spare before night fell, down the hill I wandered into the Pieve San Pietro di Romena, lit with candles, decorated with sunflowers, and empty of people.

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

I sat for a while, breathing in the waxy smell and revelling in the stillness. Outside, I crunched my way across a small garden, trees full of apples.

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

I crossed the road to explore the tiny village, empty of people and seemingly frozen still under a leaden sky.

A little red sign outside a cottage caught my eye. On it was written a poem:

Everyone is in search of: a bit of bread, a bit of affection, and a feeling of being at home, somewhere.

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

When I looked closer, another sign on the front door beckoned me to enter.

Feeling a little like Alice in Wonderland, but with a tabby cat tailing me instead of a rabbit, I obeyed. “Permesso,” I called, tapping on the door frame.

I found myself in a low-ceilinged stone cottage that seemed to have been reborn as a rustic-style meditation space, complete with flickering lanterns, and relaxing music coming from one of the nooks and crannies. I waited for the owner to appear, but no one came.

I sat down on a low wooden bench covered with cushions, watching the raindrops starting to hit the window pane, and closed my eyes.

When I woke up it was starting to go dark outside. I got up and said a quick goodbye to the mysterious sanctuary as I closed the heavy front door behind me.

Photo: Clare Speak/The Local Italy

As the last light faded over the forest of Casentino, I still hadn’t seen a living soul other than the cats. I waited in vain for a resident to come along armed with amicable questions, as usually happens whenever I wander around a remote Italian village.

But here no one did. Either the residents didn’t notice me, or it was obvious that I, like so many others before, had just come here seeking silence.

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ITALIAN HISTORY

Five pre-Roman sites to visit in Italy

From the mountains of Lombardy to the shores of Sicily, there are traces of pre-Roman civilisations scattered across Italy - if you know where to look.

Five pre-Roman sites to visit in Italy

The Romans may be Italy’s best-known ancient civilisation, but with Rome tracing its foundations back to 753 BC, they were far from the first to get here.

From the Etruscans to the Greeks, a suprising number of early human societies left their mark on the Italian peninsula, with temples, fortifications, theatres and graveyards.

Here are five historic sites you can visit in Italy that pre-date the Romans.

Etruscan necropoli of Cerveteri and Tarquinia

The Etruscan civilisation, with its heartlands in modern-day Lazio, Tuscany and Umbria, at one time dominated Italy until it was wiped out in the Roman-Etruscan wars in the 4th century BC.

These days not much remains of the Etruscans beyond earthenware and sarcophagi, but we do have some impressive necropolises or ‘cities of the dead’ that served as graveyards.

READ ALSO: Four civilizations in Italy that pre-date the Roman Empire

One of the best preserved is in Tarquinia, where not far outside the medieval city walls you’ll find a complex with hundreds of painted tombs depicting ancient life.

Another is the Necropoli della Banditaccia in nearby Cerveteri, a sprawling cemetery containing thousands of large domed tombs in a city-like plan designed to mimic an actual living city.

A 7th century painted Etruscan tomb discovered outside Rome in June 2006. Photo by FILIPPO MONTEFORTE / AFP.

Matera’s Neolithic caves

Used as a filming location for Pasolini’s The Gospel According to St. Matthew or The Passion of the Christ thanks to its strong resemblance to ancient Jerusalem, Matera in southern Italy is believed to be Europe’s oldest continually-habited settlement.

Outside of the cave dwellings carved into the rock which form the residences and hotels you’ll find in the old town’s Sassi districts today, the city is surrounded by caves that have been dated as far back as 7000 BC, to the Neolithic and even the Paleolothic eras.

You can see traces of prehistoric settlements and and Neolithic graveyards and villages in the Murgia Materana regional park surrounding the city.

Caves dating back to the Neolithic area surround the ancient city of Matera. Photo by Filippo MONTEFORTE / AFP.

Sardinia’s nuraghi

Sardinia’s Nuragic civilisation lasted from around 1,800 BC in the Bronze Age to Roman invasion and colonisation in around the first century BC, but today few traces of it remain beyond the stone structures – nuraghes or nuraghi in Italian – from which it takes its name.

READ ALSO: Five surprising facts you didn’t know about Rome

Around 7,000 nuraghi, truncated cone-like edifices made from stacked stones and boulders, dot the island’s landscape. Historians debate their function: they might have served as fortresses, residences, temples, astronomical observatories, or a combination of any of these.

The Su Nuraxi di Barumini nuraghe complex in the south of the island is a UNESCO World Heritage-listed site, and is considered one of the best examples of the architecture.

An aerial view of Nuraghe Arrabiu, one of the largest nuraghi on Sardinia. Photo by Joran Quinten on Unsplash

Valcamonica’s pre-historic stone carvings

In Italy’s mountainous northern Lombardy region you can find one of the world’s largest collections of petroglyphs, or rock carvings, spanning eight millennia and dating as far back as the Epipaleolithic era, around 10,000 years ago.

The 300,000-odd carvings, found in multiple locations across the 90km-long valley, were Italy’s first recognised World Heritage site, coming under UNESCO protection in 1979.

Today, there are eight archeological parks you can visit to see the engravings in person, with the 140 rocks in the Naquane National Park of Rock Engravings considered some of the best preserved.

A British Museum employee dusts a carved stone dated 2,500 BC, from Capo di Ponte, Valcamonica, for a 2022 exhibition. Photo by Daniel LEAL / AFP.

Agrigento’s Valley of the Temples

From architecture to military strategy, the Romans were heavily influenced by the Greeks – which is no surprise considering that large parts of southern Italy were once part of ancient Greece.

‘Magna Grecia’, ‘Great[er] Greece’ as the Romans called it, started being settled by the Greeks from around the eighth century BC, and at its height stretched across modern-day Sicily, Calabria, Puglia, Campania and Basilicata.

READ ALSO: Did you know…? These parts of Italy were once part of ancient Greece

Scattered across southern Italy are the remains of Greek settlements, including soaring temples and ancient theatres.

One of the most renowned and impressive examples of these is the Sicilian city of Agrigento’s ‘Valley of Temples’, where you’ll find seven temples within just a few miles of each other.

The Greek Temple of Concordia in Agrigento’s Valley of the Temples was built in the 5th century BC. Photo by ludovic MARIN / AFP.

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