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DANISH CITIZENSHIP

What taking the Danish citizenship test is like

The Local Denmark’s editor Michael Barrett is hoping to become a Danish citizen. For most prospective new nationals of the Scandinavian country, that means passing a citizenship test.

What taking the Danish citizenship test is like
Nørrebrogade in Copenhagen. File photo: Ida Guldbæk Arentsen/Ritzau Scanpix

I pedalled hard as I cycled along Nørrebrogade, a busy main road in Copenhagen’s Nørrebro neighbourhood, in chilly weather on Wednesday afternoon.

I was a few minutes late for the recommended arrival time of 12:15pm at Nørrebrohallen, a sports centre and one of 53 locations across the country where the citizenship test was to be taken simultaneously from 1pm. 4,537 people had registered for the test nationwide, according to figures from the Ministry of Immigration and Integration.

There was no need to get too out of breath, as when I arrived there was still a large queue of people waiting to register and hand over their mobile phones for safekeeping before entering the exam hall.

Actually, there was not a queue at all, but rather a disorganised (but calm) crowd outside the side door to the sports hall.

The fact that this poor queueing bothered me at all is an obvious giveaway that I’m British by upbringing, not Danish. More on this later.

After registering and being given a desk number – 111 – I went inside and found my seat, one row from the back of the hall. Two women sitting adjacent to me had struck up conversation. One, speaking with a Copenhagen accent, explained that she and her older sister were both taking the test today, that the sister was already studying medicine at university. “You’re both so clever,” the other woman, a generation older, replied.

On the other side of me, someone was studiously looking through a printed version of the official learning material for the test, a 148-page document provided by the immigration ministry.

As 1pm neared, the head invigilator gave some brief instructions: mark an ‘X’ carefully by the correct answer, the test lasts 45 minutes, you can’t leave during the first 15 minutes, that kind of thing. A few rows a head of me, a man of muscular build was shaking, either through cold or nervousness.

Then the test began. I flipped over my paper, feeling a bit like this:

Since 2015, the Danish citizenship test (indfødsretsprøven), held twice annually, has consisted of 40 multiple choice questions on Danish culture, history and society. The pass mark is 32.

READ ALSO: Quick quiz: Can you correctly answer ten Danish citizenship test questions?

I’d contend that if you have read the ministry learning material and taken tests from previous cycles as practice (they are always published by Danish media after the event, and are easy to find online), then you should be able to pass. This applies, in my opinion (but not that of immigration minister Inger Støjberg), regardless of whether or not you come from a Western country.

I don’t doubt that the amount of time you have spent in Denmark and around Danes will make a difference, though. I’ve lived here for over 11 years, and that meant that I already knew many of the answers without needing to study.

Nevertheless, I was unsure about a few questions. These I skipped over and came back to at the end of the test. The question that caused me the most trouble was about the size of Denmark’s population. 4.7 million, 5.2 million or 5.7 million? I’ve only ever heard it referred to as a rounded ‘five million’ so any of those could apply.

I went with 5.7 million, let an invigilator know I’d finished the test, got up, collected my things and left with around 20 of the 45 minutes to spare. And then googled ‘population of Denmark’. 5.77 million. Lucky for me.

So why did I go to all this trouble?

There are plenty of good reasons. I’ve lived in Denmark for a long time, pay taxes, participate in society and want to feel like a full member of it. I want to have a say in general elections (although I won’t be in time to vote in the next one, which will be no later than June next year).

I’m also attracted by the luxury of having two passports, which can make travel more convenient and even open up destinations that would otherwise not be accessible.

Then, of course, there’s the spectre of Brexit – the outcome of which for Brits resident in the EU remains unsettlingly and infuriatingly opaque. Regardless of any eventual Brexit deal, or lack of one, my future as a resident of Denmark with free movement throughout the rest of the EU looks far more secure as a Danish citizen.

Is this good enough? You could argue these are all luxury motivations for applying for citizenship. I’m not stateless. Others taking the test today may have been.

This brings us back to my observation about the queue. I’m still British. I complain about queues. I supported England in the World Cup and if they’d ended up facing Denmark, I’d still have supported England.

Yet I’ve lived here for so long now that Denmark has become embedded in me as a person: what I eat, the way I think, the way I view the world. It’s part of me, so am I justified in wanting to be part of it?

Støjberg was recently quoted as saying the citizenship test, which only has a 50 percent pass rate, should be hard, because there “is something quite special about becoming a Danish citizen”. It’s a mantra she often repeats, understandably so – the last thing she wants is to be seen to be giving citizenship away cheaply.

It’s also something I find myself agreeing with, albeit not in the way she meant it. It is special to build up a close connection with a second country. It adds to who you are, without replacing what was there before.

The results of today’s citizenship test will be sent out some time within the next four weeks, and I’ll know whether I can send my application.

READ ALSO: My best and worst days in Denmark

For members

DANISH CITIZENSHIP

Do you need to get a Danish passport after obtaining citizenship?

In Denmark, obtaining a Danish passport is not legally required after gaining citizenship. However, there are several reasons why getting one is a good idea.

Do you need to get a Danish passport after obtaining citizenship?

When you become a citizen of Denmark, you are eligible to apply for a Danish passport, but it’s not a legal obligation.

READ MORE: How to apply for citizenship in Denmark

This approach offers flexibility for those who may already have a travel document from other nations or do not wish to apply for a Danish passport immediately.

However, while not a legal requirement, there are considerable benefits to holding a Danish passport.

Why it’s a good idea to get a Danish passport

The document allows hassle-free travel across the European Union (EU) and numerous other countries, as it’s a reflection of the country’s strong diplomatic ties worldwide.

While new citizens of Denmark are not restricted to using a Danish passport for international travel travelling with a non-Danish passport might require additional visas or entry permits, depending on the destination.

Therefore, the Danish passport serves as a form of identification, simplifying bureaucratic and ID processes within and outside Denmark.

They also highlight to the Danish border force that you are exempt from any restrictions or requirements when crossing onto Danish soil.   

Consular assistance for passport holders

With a Danish passport, you can access consular services and assistance provided by Danish embassies and consulates worldwide.

They effectively extend the reach of Denmark’s government into foreign territories, offering a broad range of services – including emergency assistance, legal services, passport replacement, travel information, and others – that can be vital to Danish passport holders who encounter challenging situations during their travels abroad.

If you face a medical emergency, the consulate or embassy can help you locate medical facilities, contact your family, and provide guidance on dealing with local authorities.

Furthermore, they also offer notarial services such as document legalisations and certifications, often required for legal proceedings in foreign countries.

You can find the contact information for Danish embassies and consulates on this page of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Dual citizenship and passports

Dual citizenship, which refers to people legally recognized as citizens of two countries simultaneously, makes things somewhat different.

READ MORE: What does gaining Danish citizenship mean to dual nationals?

Until 2015, Denmark’s policy was generally against dual citizenship. It required people to renounce their previous nationality when becoming Danish citizens.

In September 2015, Denmark changed its laws to allow dual citizenship. This means that you can now hold Danish citizenship and another nationality without giving up one of them.

Once your second citizenship is granted, provided it’s Danish, you’ll be eligible (though not obligated, as we’ve already explained) to apply for a Danish passport.

You’ll have to follow the standard application process, which involves applying at a local police station in Denmark or Danish consulates abroad if you’re residing overseas.

Furthermore, you’ll need to hand in the required documentation (proof of citizenship, ID, etc.) and pay a fee.

The Local has a deep-dive explainer on the rules for dual-nationals travelling in Denmark, where you can find more details on the issue.

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