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CORSICA

Macron vows to keep Corsica French

President Emmanuel Macron told nationalists on the island of Corsica during a visit Tuesday that he would try to accommodate their demands for more autonomy while keeping them in France's "Republican fold".

Macron vows to keep Corsica French
Macron in Corsica's capital Ajaccio on Tuesday. Photo: AFP
Macron's two-day visit to Corsica is being closely watched on the mainland, where some fear that giving the Mediterranean island too much autonomy could fuel a breakaway bid in the future.
   
The nationalists, who cemented their control of Corsica's regional assembly in December elections, have denied any plans to try to take the territory of 330,000 people out of France — at least for the time being.
   
Macron began his visit with a tribute to Claude Erignac, the state's top representative on the island who was assassinated 20 years ago in an attack that shocked the country.
 
Addressing a ceremony in the city of Ajaccio, Macron said Corsica had been “sullied” by the killing, over which nationalist Yvan Colonna is serving a life sentence, and that there would be “no forgetting and no amnesty”.
 
READ ALSO: 
Corsica: What do the nationalists actually want from Macron?
Photo: AFP
 
He stressed that Corsica, which is economically dependent on the mainland, was part of the “unwavering” French Republic.
   
He promised, however, to try to give it “the future it aspires to, without giving into demands that would take it out of the Republican fold.”
   
Nationalists have a string of demands, including making Corsican an official language and granting amnesty to Corsicans jailed for
pro-independence violence.
   
A longtime hotbed of anti-French militancy, the mountainous island has enjoyed a measure of stability since 2014 when the separatist National Liberation Front of Corsica (FLNC) called a ceasefire.
 
Not Catalonia
 
Erignac was gunned down on February 6, 1998 while on his way to a concert with his wife.
   
The killing was the worst in a nearly four-decade campaign of attacks on the island, mostly targeting state infrastructure.
   
Tens of thousands of Corsicans took to the streets in protest.
   
Erignac's widow and two children attended Tuesday's ceremony, as did the leader of the regional government, Gilles Simeoni, who later held talks with Macron.
   
Macron's meeting with Simeoni and fellow nationalist leader Jean-Guy Talamoni lasted more than two hours but none of them commented afterwards.
 
Earlier, Talamoni said he would be “dismayed” if Macron “closes the doors” to dialogue. “We are convinced that Mr Macron is a man intelligent enough to understand the situation” and “that what we want to do is in the interests of Corsica and also Paris,” he added.
 
Corsica: Why France's 'Island of Beauty' is not the new Catalonia
Photo: AFP   
 
The wife of Colonna, jailed for killing Erignac, stopped Macron in the street late in the afternoon, saying their six-year-old son had not seen his father for a year and a half. “He's not an animal, he's a human being,” Stephanie Colonna said.
   
“That your child can see his father, that people who are detained in our country can see their family, that's one of the things we will ensure,” said Macron.
   
The Corsican question has plagued successive French governments for nearly half a century.
   
Unlike the separatists in the wealthy Spanish region of Catalonia, who mounted a breakaway bid last year, Corsica's leaders have said they will be content with greater autonomy and a special mention in the constitution.
 
On Saturday, thousands of nationalists marched to demand “respect for the Corsican people.”
   
Macron had suggested during campaigning for president that he was prepared to go further than his predecessors in recognising the distinct nature of the island.
   
He will set out his policy in a highly anticipated speech in the northern city of Bastia on Wednesday.

TOURISM

‘Red lights’ as over-tourism threatens Corsican nature reserve

"It's nature's magical design," says a tourist guide, waxing poetic as he comments on the impressive red cliffs plunging into a turquoise sea at the Scandola nature reserve on France's Corsica island.

'Red lights' as over-tourism threatens Corsican nature reserve
A fisherman sails at sunrise off Ajaccio, Corsica. Photo: AFP

“Amazing!” exclaims Irena Snydrova, a Czech tourist visiting the UNESCO World Heritage site with her family, along with groups from Italy, Spain and France.

Their boat sidles up to the Steps of Paradise, rocks shaped into a stairway some 15 metres long, then glides on to Bad Luck Pass, a former pirates' redoubt.

The ages have sculpted the volcanic cliffs into myriad shapes that beguile the visitor, who might imagine a kissing couple here, a horse's head there, Napoleon's two-cornered hat further on…

The park, created in 1975, is an ecological dream, being a nature reserve and a protected marine zone that is listed by France's coastal protection agency and Natura 2000, in addition to its recognition by UNESCO.

It is a prime destination for the some three million people who visit Corsica each year, 75 percent of them in the summer.

The paradox is that growing numbers of tourists are drawn to Scandola's pristine waters and stunning geological vistas, endangering its fragile ecosystem.

The park, reached only by boat some 40 minutes from the tiny port of Porto,
stretches over 10 square kilometres of sea, and a somewhat smaller area of land.

“The reserve is a jewel for Corsica and the Mediterranean, but several red lights are flashing,” says marine biologist Charles-Francois Boudouresque, listing flora and fauna at risk, including ospreys, seagrass and fish species such as the brown meagre.

The tourist season coincides with the ospreys' mating season, notes Boudouresque, an emeritus professor at the Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography.

Because of over-tourism, ospreys' “reproductive success is zero or near zero, with either no chicks or just one chick” per year, he says.

Boudouresque, who also heads Scandola's scientific advisory council, says the osprey could become extinct in 50 years.

Since last month, at the urging of the scientific council, boats must keep a distance of at least 250 metres from ospreys' nests during the breeding season.

“It's a good start,” Boudouresque says.

As for the marine park's fish species, Boudouresque says he thinks the thrumming of the tourist boats is scaring them away.

But a crew member, who gave his name only as Diego, blamed groupers for the declining population of corb. “They eat everything,” he told AFP.

Tensions have arisen pitting tour boat operators and fishermen against the reserve's conservationist Jean-Marie Dominici.

Boudouresque says the seagrass “is not in the best shape,” blaming the anchors dropped by the many boats — some of them private vessels without authorised guides.

“It's bizarre for a nature reserve to see all these boats,” said Pierre Gilibert, a 65-year-old doctor, who is a regular visitor. “It might be wise to allow access only to professional boats.”

Many share the opinion that private boats are not sufficiently monitored or informed of ecological concerns.

“This morning we saw people climbing on the rocks and berthing their boats in narrow passageways, which is not allowed,” said Gabriel Pelcot, chief mechanic on a cruise ship of the Corsican company Nave Va.

Nave Va, as well as rival Via Mare, uses hybrid vessels: they are powered by diesel up to the edge of the marine park, then switch to electric for a quieter and less polluting presence.

Pelcot notes that this green option is 30 percent more expensive, but he expects it to catch on.

“We must find a compromise between the need for tourists to enjoy this natural treasure and that of not killing the goose that laid the golden egg,” Boudouresque says.

The marine biologist is optimistic that general awareness of the problems is growing.

He envisions ways to marry tourism with preservation. One example, he says, would be to focus cameras on ospreys' nests so that they can be observed without being disturbed.

READ ALSO: 'Cat-fox' found on French island of Corsica may be a new species

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