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ARCHAEOLOGY

Treasure hunters wanted: to retrieve sunken gold from 18thC Spanish galleon

Colombia on Friday opens bidding for investors willing to retrieve billions of dollars in gold and silver from an 18th century ship wreck off the country's Caribbean coast.

Treasure hunters wanted: to retrieve sunken gold from 18thC Spanish galleon
The San Jose has long been a source of fascination and popular legends.

The Spanish galleon “San Jose” was the main ship in a fleet carrying gold and silver — likely extracted from Spanish colonial mines in Peru and Bolivia — and other valuables back to King Philip V.

It sank in June 1708 during combat with British warships attempting to take its cargo, as part of the War of Spanish Succession. Only a handful of the ship's crew of 600 survived.

President Juan Manuel Santos wants to form a public-private partnership to retrieve the shipwreck items, and build a museum for the recovered pieces and a laboratory to study and conserve the material.

The scientific and legal parameters to join the partnership will be made public Friday at a hearing in the Caribbean city of Cartagena.   

Colombia has not set an official value to the wreck, but experts in 1980 estimated that the treasure was worth some $10 billion.   

Treasure hunters have long searched for the “San Jose,” described as the Holy Grail of shipwrecks.

Santos gushed soon after the wreck was discovered in November 2015 that it was “the most valuable treasure found in the history of humanity.”  

The government says there is no pending litigation over the wreckage or the galleon's loot, even though Spain insists it is the rightful owner because the “San Jose” was Spanish.

Spain in part has based its arguments on UN Law of the Sea — a treaty that Colombia never signed.

US-based company Sea Search Armada, whose subsidiary claimed in the early 1980s that it had found the galleon, was engaged in a long-running ownership battle with the Colombian government.

The find however was not confirmed, and in 2011 a US court ruled that the wreck was Colombian property.

A team of Colombian and foreign researchers, including a veteran of the group that discovered the wreck of the Titanic in 1985, studied winds and currents of the Caribbean 307 years ago and delved into colonial archives in Spain and Colombia searching for clues.

The San Jose has long been the source of fascination and popular legends, and even figures in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's novel “Love in the Time of Cholera.”

TODAY IN FRANCE

France to compensate relatives of Algerian Harki fighters

France has paved the way towards paying reparations to more relatives of Algerians who sided with France in their country's independence war but were then interned in French camps.

France to compensate relatives of Algerian Harki fighters

More than 200,000 Algerians fought with the French army in the war that pitted Algerian independence fighters against their French colonial masters from 1954 to 1962.

At the end of the war, the French government left the loyalist fighters known as Harkis to fend for themselves, despite earlier promises it would look after them.

Trapped in Algeria, many were massacred as the new authorities took revenge.

Thousands of others who fled to France were held in camps, often with their families, in deplorable conditions that an AFP investigation recently found led to the deaths of dozens of children, most of them babies.

READ ALSO Who are the Harkis and why are they still a sore subject in France?

French President Emmanuel Macron in 2021 asked for “forgiveness” on behalf of his country for abandoning the Harkis and their families after independence.

The following year, a law was passed to recognise the state’s responsibility for the “indignity of the hosting and living conditions on its territory”, which caused “exclusion, suffering and lasting trauma”, and recognised the right to reparations for those who had lived in 89 of the internment camps.

But following a new report, 45 new sites – including military camps, slums and shacks – were added on Monday to that list of places the Harkis and their relatives were forced to live, the government said.

Now “up to 14,000 (more) people could receive compensation after transiting through one of these structures,” it said, signalling possible reparations for both the Harkis and their descendants.

Secretary of state Patricia Miralles said the decision hoped to “make amends for a new injustice, including in regions where until now the prejudices suffered by the Harkis living there were not recognised”.

Macron has spoken out on a number of France’s unresolved colonial legacies, including nuclear testing in Polynesia, its role in the Rwandan genocide and war crimes in Algeria.

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