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WORLD WAR TWO

Norwegian ‘witch’ books stolen by Nazis found

Books belonging to former SS leader Heinrich Himmler were recently recovered in a warehouse outside Prague.

Norwegian ‘witch’ books stolen by Nazis found
Heinrich Himmler took some 6,000 books from the Norwegian Order of Freemasons as part of his research into witch hunts. Photos: Public domain
Among the finds where thousands of Norwegian Masonic books that the Germans took from Oslo during the war. 
 
“I was personally involved in identifying some of the books. Many of them belonged to the central Norwegian Order of Freemasons library in Oslo,” Bjørn Helge Horrisland, a Norwegian Freemason historian, told VG. 
 
Himmler ordered a branch of the SS to carry out a massive survey of witch-hunt trial records in Europe. His SS troops combed 260 libraries and archives to find traces of the witch trials of the Middle Ages. According to academics, Himmler was on a mission to prove that the prosecution of witches was tantamount to an attempt by the Roman Catholic Church to wipe out the German race.
 
World War 2 historical centre Stiftelsen Arkivet, along with the National Library of the Czech Republic, was scheduled to hold a conference on Wednesday in Kristiansand about the Nazi confiscation of literature during the ward. Horrisland will present the findings of Himmler’s stash of witchcraft books. 
 
“In all likelihood, many of these books were part of Himmler’s so-called ‘witch library’. The books were found in a large warehouse belonging to the National Library of the Czech Republic. The collection has been left untouched since the 1950s,” he said. 
 
The project to recover Himmler’s witch books received European Economic Area funds from Norway and is a result of a cooperation between Stiftelsen Arkivet, the National Library of Norway and the National Library of the Czech Republic. 
 
Some 6,000 of the 13,000 recovered books belonged to the Norwegian Order of Freemasons.

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TODAY IN FRANCE

France to compensate relatives of Algerian Harki fighters

France has paved the way towards paying reparations to more relatives of Algerians who sided with France in their country's independence war but were then interned in French camps.

France to compensate relatives of Algerian Harki fighters

More than 200,000 Algerians fought with the French army in the war that pitted Algerian independence fighters against their French colonial masters from 1954 to 1962.

At the end of the war, the French government left the loyalist fighters known as Harkis to fend for themselves, despite earlier promises it would look after them.

Trapped in Algeria, many were massacred as the new authorities took revenge.

Thousands of others who fled to France were held in camps, often with their families, in deplorable conditions that an AFP investigation recently found led to the deaths of dozens of children, most of them babies.

READ ALSO Who are the Harkis and why are they still a sore subject in France?

French President Emmanuel Macron in 2021 asked for “forgiveness” on behalf of his country for abandoning the Harkis and their families after independence.

The following year, a law was passed to recognise the state’s responsibility for the “indignity of the hosting and living conditions on its territory”, which caused “exclusion, suffering and lasting trauma”, and recognised the right to reparations for those who had lived in 89 of the internment camps.

But following a new report, 45 new sites – including military camps, slums and shacks – were added on Monday to that list of places the Harkis and their relatives were forced to live, the government said.

Now “up to 14,000 (more) people could receive compensation after transiting through one of these structures,” it said, signalling possible reparations for both the Harkis and their descendants.

Secretary of state Patricia Miralles said the decision hoped to “make amends for a new injustice, including in regions where until now the prejudices suffered by the Harkis living there were not recognised”.

Macron has spoken out on a number of France’s unresolved colonial legacies, including nuclear testing in Polynesia, its role in the Rwandan genocide and war crimes in Algeria.

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