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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

Swedish words that just sound wrong in English

Swedish is a fun language to learn, but there are some words which can bring a blush to English-speakers' cheeks. Here are eight words which we still find awkward to use in conversation.

Swedish words that just sound wrong in English
How can Swedes not giggle when they say this? Photo: Owen W Brown/Flickr

1. Fart

There’s a clever and delightful little Swenglish play on words: “It’s not the fart that kills, it’s the smell.” Why is it clever? Well, the word ‘fart’ is Swedish for ‘speed’ and the word ‘smäll’ (pronounced smell) is the Swedish word for ‘crash’. So, it’s not the speed that kills you, it’s the crash. If you invite your non-Swedish friends on a road trip, be prepared for adolescent humour every time you go past a police ‘fartkontroll’ (speed check) or drive into a carpark at the ‘infart’ (entry) sign.

Oh, and the Swedish word for ‘fart’ is ‘fis’ or ‘prutt’. Photo: Berit Roald/NTB scanpix/SCANPIX

2. Puss

We know that Swedes have a reputation for being sexually liberal, but if your Swedish sambo ends your phone conversations by going “Puss, puss!” it is important to remember that they are not trying to (in a frankly rather awkward manner) turn an otherwise unremarkable chat into something a little more saucy. Nor are they suddenly confusing you with a kitten.

‘Puss’ actually means ‘kiss’ in Swedish and is a common way of wrapping up a phone call or email between family members, similar to ‘bisous’ in French or ‘bacio’ in Italian. Confusingly, the Swedish word ‘kiss’ translates to ‘pee’, so beware of that one too.

Chris O’Neill giving his wife Princess Madeleine an innocent ‘puss’. Photo: Jessica Gow/TT

3. Prick

If a Swede tells you to meet at 8pm “prick”, don’t punch them in the face. Not only because violence does not solve anything, but also because they did not mean to insult you using a vulgar English slang word. In Swedish, ‘prick’ means ‘dot’. So when the ever-so-punctual Swedes want to meet at prick 8pm, they just mean 8pm on the dot.

Meet me at 8pm, prick. Photo: Jonas Ekströmer/TT

4. Kock

If you think this sounds like something famously foulmouthed TV chef Gordon Ramsay might say, you could not be more…well, right, actually. If he were Swedish, at least. Because ‘kock’ is just the word for ‘chef’. So do try to hide your blush when your Swedish dining companion after a particularly yummy meal in a restaurant tries to pass on his or her compliments to the head “kock”.

Gordon Ramsay. What a kock. Photo: AP Photo/Chris Pizzello

5. Bra

No, Swedes aren’t talking about women’s lingerie when you ask them how their weekend was (well, probably not, anyway). The word bra means good. So when Sven says his weekend was “bra” it doesn’t mean he got any action in the bedroom. If you’re Scottish you may have noticed that ‘bra’ is similar to the word ‘braw’, which also means good.

The Swedish word for bra, on the other hand, is ‘behå’. Photo: Malin Hoelstad/SvD/SCANPIX

6. Sex

Get your mind out of the gutters, folks. It just means six. Except it doesn’t – it also means exactly what you think it means. It is a wonder that this one does not cause more confusion, but the fact that the Swedes somehow seem to understand when they are talking about one thing or the other shows that language is really all down to context.

Oh, of course we weren’t going to show you the other one. Photo: Staffan Löwstedt/SvD/SCANPIX

7. Slut

This is one of the first funny words anglophone immigrants tend to notice when they arrive in Sweden – and it’s one The Local’s staff and readers alike keep giggling about even after years in the Nordic country. But no, it’s got nothing to do with hookers. It just means ‘end’. So a ‘slutspurt’ (literally translated ‘end sprint’ or ‘final sprint’) is just the final splurge of a sale in a store. And getting off at the ‘slutstation’ is a far less exciting experience than what you may have been hoping for.

8. Fack

Swap the ‘a’ for a ‘u’ and repeat that word. Yes, that’s how it’s pronounced in Swedish, and no, it is not considered rude at all. Why should it? It is nothing more than the word for a small compartment such as a pocket on a rucksack or a pigeon hole. A friend once told us the story of her Swedish grandmother who tried to buy a suitcase in the United States and emphasized in Swenglish to the salesperson that she “needed plenty of fack”. Coincidentally, it is also the Swedish word for trade union. Go figure.

The Swedish word ‘fack’ is very confusing. Photo: Pontus Lundahl/TT

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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

Villa Volvo Vovve: The Local publishes new book on life in Sweden

In an extract from The Local’s new book about the Swedish language and lifestyle, editor Catherine Edwards asks how much we can learn about a country from its language alone.

A woman sitting by a lake, holding a cup of warm beverage. It's autumn in Sweden.
There is more to Swedish life than fika and lagom. Photo: Alexander Hall/imagebank.sweden.se

Until recently, the Swedish language had had only a modest impact worldwide, with just a few of its words adopted elsewhere, most of them fairly unexciting: orienteering, ombudsman, smorgasbord. For many people overseas, their only interaction with Swedish was laughing at the labels in an Ikea store. When I moved to Stockholm in 2015, I didn’t know much more than hej.

But then a trend for Scandinavian culture swept the globe, boosted by surveys showing their populations to be the world’s happiest, most equal, or boasting the best quality of life. Two words in particular were catapulted to linguistic stardom: fika and lagom, roughly ‘coffee break’ and ‘just the right amount’. Magazine articles and books debate whether the words themselves give us an insight into some ‘Swedish secret’ of how to live. 

But there is much more to Swedish life than fika and lagom.

In 2018, we started our Word of the Day series to introduce our readers to the Swedish words that help you crack these cultural codes. We delved into a mixture of topical words that were making headlines or could help our readers understand the country they found themselves in.

One thing I’ve learned at The Local is that you can almost never translate the news word for word. It doesn’t work. A word that means something concrete to Swedes – whether it’s the name of a political party, national holiday, or a common custom – needs context. 

So what about untranslatable words? If you think about it long enough – and I absolutely have – you could argue that most words are untranslatable. Fika might have a slightly different definition from ‘coffee break’, but the exact meaning depends at least as much on who is talking as what language they are speaking.

Many concepts don’t translate perfectly between people even if they’re speaking the same language. I’ve not seen anyone argue that ‘coffee’ is untranslatable, yet go to a cafe in three different countries and ask for a coffee, and you’re almost guaranteed to be presented with three different drinks: black filter coffee in Sweden, an espresso in Italy, and so on. 

If you describe someone as ‘punctual’, you might be using a different definition than a Swede, even if punktlig is in the dictionary as a direct translation. Someone from India or China might laugh at the size of a settlement that is called a ‘city’ here in Sweden. The list goes on. We all make assumptions based on our personal context every day.

Words like kanelbullens dag (Cinnamon Bun Day), badkruka (bathing coward), and tvättstugelapp (passive-aggressive note left in the communal laundry room) may not have caught on worldwide, but they each help you get a little bit closer to understanding not only Sweden, Swedish and the Swedes but also what it is like being human, anywhere and everywhere.

In Villa, Volvo, Vovve: The Local’s Word Guide to Swedish Life, we explore over 100 Swedish words, including how to use them, when to avoid them, and the history of how they came to be. You’ll learn about Sweden beyond the headlines, beyond the tourist guides, the good, the bad, and the bizarre. This book will help you if you’re travelling to Sweden, or even living there, to understand what’s going on around you. But it’s also a handbook for anyone who wants to embrace the Nordic way of life. Who knows, maybe you’ll even discover the elusive Scandinavian secrets to happiness along the way.

This article is adapted from the introduction to Villa, Volvo, Vovve: The Local’s Word Guide to Swedish Life, written by The Local’s journalists. It is available to order: head to lysforlag.com/vvv to read more about it. It is also possible to buy your copy from Amazon US, Amazon UK, Bokus or Adlibris – alternatively become a member of The Local and get a copy for free.

If you’re already a member of The Local and want to give the book + membership to a friend, buy our gift bundle here.

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