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OPINION

EUROPE

For business’ sake, UK should stick with EU

Andreas Meyer-Schwickerath, Managing Director of the British Chamber of Commerce in Germany (BCCG), exposes the stakes and consequences if Britain votes to leave the European Union in 2017 in an interview with The Local.

For business' sake, UK should stick with EU
The harbour in Hamburg seen from the air. Photo: DPA

Meyer-Schwickerath has been working at the BCCG since 2003, coming from a background in industry and banking.

In that time, he's seen growth in trade between Germany and the UK balloon.

Figures from UK Trade and Investment (UKTI), the British government's trade promotion body, show that bilateral business has increased by 21 percent since 2009, to £43 billion (€59.16 billion), making the Federal Republic the UK's largest European trading partner.

British companies employ 200,000 people in Germany and represent one tenth of all the foreign businesses present in the country.

On the German side, the UK was behind only France and the United States in its appetite for the country's exports in 2014, splashing out almost €85 billion according to statistics from the Federal Statistics Office (Destatis).

And Germany spent almost half as much money as it earned from selling to the UK on buying British products.

Those numbers are big enough to make the British government's plans for a referendum on leaving the EU, if its demands of fellow members for a renegotiation of the relationship aren't met, a serious concern to business people on both sides.

Bad for business

“The overall sentiment is that it would not be good for Europe, and it would not be good for Britain,” said Meyer-Schwickerath.

“It would also not be good for Germany, because German interests are similar to British interests — for example, on labour or the services sector, which need to be deregulated, but also on migration into our social security systems.”

The fundamentally conservative – with a small 'c' – people of Britain and Germany are a good match for one another and an important counter-balance, Meyer-Schwickerath argues, to the more statist, spendthrift instincts of France, Spain and Italy.

And the UK government's tough rhetoric on Europe belies the effort that has been going into building up the relationship in real economic terms in recent years.

Wasted effort

UKTI has “changed its focus since some time ago, more to small and medium-sized businesses [SMEs] trying to export from the UK, they're supporting a lot of SMEs trying to set foot in Europe and Germany,” Meyer-Schwickerath pointed out.

Those small and medium businesses are where the largest numbers of jobs tend to be created in an advanced economy.

“We've noticed an increasing number of inquiries to us, trying to find out the conditions for companies to establish themselves in Germany and how to improve their business.”

If the UK leaves the EU suddenly, all of that painstaking work will be lost – or at least set back for years.

Europe continues to dominate the UK's export markets, with its top ten trading partners for import and export including only the US, China, Switzerland and Norway from outside the EU.

The EU's significance for Britain “should not be underestimated,” Meyer-Schwickerath said.

“Of course everybody's talking about China, where the growth rates are big, and also about India for the same reason, but for the coming years Europe will remain the largest (trading partner).”

Business hates uncertainty

What keeps people like him up at night when thinking of the British referendum and Prime Minister David Cameron's campaign for EU reform is uncertainty, Meyer-Schwickerath said – even though many business people would like to see cuts to some European red tape.

“We are getting into danger that Europe starts again from the particular interests of each country,” he said. “This uncertainty is very bad for business, for trade or investment in other countries.

“The other thing is that most of the tariff negotiations would have to be redone. Trade tariffs on products and services might apply again if Britain leaves the EU.”

Meyer-Schwickerath points to the difficulty Europe and the USA have had in negotiating what was supposed to be a flagship free-trade agreement, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, as an indicator of the time it might take the UK to negotiate a new deal – or multiple new deals – with its EU trading partners if it were to leave.

Small and medium businesses, like many of those that make up the BCCG membership, were asked to contribute to a British review of the balance of powers between the EU and the member states – but many didn't have the expert knowledge to contribute.

“We did a meeting with UKTI and our parent organization [Council of British Chambers of Commerce in Europe, COBCOE] and some business representatives and the outcome was fairly open,” with no real consensus about what the best reforms to the EU system would be, Meyer-Schwickerath said.

Give and take

“It's really up to the will of the government,” no matter what the facts and statistics say, he concludes.

But for a prudent businessman, the preference would be for a status quo that's proven its worth.

“Of course it's all in the details, there will always be a degree of compromise between the EU and each individual country,” Meyer-Schwickerath concludes.

“You give and take in some instances, but in the end, the economic and political union have been to the great benefit of many countries.

“Even though the British and German governments are net contributors, the benefit for business is much greater.”

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BREXIT

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

The EU has drawn up plans to make it easier for non-EU citizens to gain longterm EU residency so they can move more easily around the bloc, but Italy-based citizens' rights campaigner Clarissa Killwick says Brits who moved to the EU before Brexit are already losing out.

OPINION: Pre-Brexit Brits in Europe should be given EU long-term residency

With all the talk about the EU long-term residency permit and the proposed improvements there is no mention that UK citizens who are Withdrawal Agreement “beneficiaries” are currently being left out in the cold.

The European Commission has stated that we can hold multiple statuses including the EU long-term permit (Under a little-known EU law, third-country nationals can in theory acquire EU-wide long-term resident status if they have lived ‘legally’ in an EU country for at least five years) but in reality it is just not happening.

This effectively leaves Brits locked into their host countries while other third country nationals can enjoy some mobility rights. As yet, in Italy, it is literally a question of the computer saying no if someone tries to apply.

The lack of access to the EU long-term permit to pre-Brexit Brits is an EU-wide issue and has been flagged up to the European Commission but progress is very slow.

READ ALSO: EU government settle on rules for how non-EU citizens could move around Europe

My guess is that few UK nationals who already have permanent residency status under the Withdrawal Agreement are even aware of the extra mobility rights they could have with the EU long-term residency permit – or do not even realise they are two different things.

Perhaps there won’t be very large numbers clamouring for it but it is nothing short of discrimination not to make it accessible to British people who’ve built their lives in the EU.

They may have lost their status as EU citizens but nothing has changed concerning the contributions they make, both economically and socially.

An example of how Withdrawal Agreement Brits in Italy are losing out

My son, who has lived almost his whole life here, wanted to study in the Netherlands to improve his employment prospects.

Dutch universities grant home fees rather than international fees to holders of an EU long-term permit. The difference in fees for a Master’s, for example, is an eye-watering €18,000. He went through the application process, collecting the requisite documents, making the payments and waited many months for an appointment at the “questura”, (local immigration office).

On the day, it took some persuading before they agreed he should be able to apply but then the whole thing was stymied because the national computer system would not accept a UK national. I am in no doubt, incidentally, that had he been successful he would have had to hand in his WA  “carta di soggiorno”.

This was back in February 2022 and nothing has budged since then. In the meantime, it is a question of pay up or give up for any students in the same boat as my son. There is, in fact, a very high take up of the EU long-term permit in Italy so my son’s non-EU contemporaries do not face this barrier.

Long-term permit: The EU’s plan to make freedom of movement easier for non- EU nationals 

Completing his studies was stalled by a year until finally his Italian citizenship came through after waiting over 5 years.  I also meet working adults in Italy with the EU long-term permit who use it for work purposes, such as in Belgium and Germany, and for family reunification.  

Withdrawal agreement card should double up as EU long-term residency permit

A statement that Withdrawal Agreement beneficiaries should be able to hold multiple statuses is not that easy to find. You have to scroll quite far down the page on the European Commission’s website to find a link to an explanatory document. It has been languishing there since March 2022 but so far not proved very useful.

It has been pointed out to the Commission that the document needs to be multilingual not just in English and “branded” as an official communication from the Commission so it can be used as a stand-alone. But having an official document you can wave at the immigration authorities is going to get you nowhere if Member State governments haven’t acknowledged that WA beneficiaries can hold multiple statuses and issue clear guidance and make sure systems are modified accordingly.

I can appreciate this is no mean feat in countries where they do not usually allow multiple statuses or, even if they do, issue more than one residency card. Of course, other statuses we should be able to hold are not confined to EU long-term residency, they should include the EU Blue Card, dual nationality, family member of an EU citizen…

Personally, I do think people should be up in arms about this. The UK and EU negotiated an agreement which not only removed our freedom of movement as EU citizens, it also failed to automatically give us equal mobility rights to other third country nationals. We are now neither one thing nor the other.

It would seem the only favour the Withdrawal Agreement did us was we didn’t have to go out and come back in again! Brits who follow us, fortunate enough to get a visa, may well pip us at the post being able to apply for EU long-term residency as clearly defined non-EU citizens.

I have been bringing this issue to the attention of the embassy in Rome, FCDO and the European Commission for three years now. I hope we will see some movement soon.

Finally, there should be no dragging of heels assuming we will all take citizenship of our host countries. Actually, we shouldn’t have to, my son was fortunate, even though it took a long time. Others may not meet the requirements or wish to give up their UK citizenship in countries which do not permit dual nationality.  

Bureaucratic challenges may seem almost insurmountable but why not simply allow our Withdrawal Agreement permanent card to double up as the EU long-term residency permit.

Clarissa Killwick,

Since 2016, Clarissa has been a citizens’ rights campaigner and advocate with the pan-European group, Brexpats – Hear Our Voice.
She is co-founder and co-admin of the FB group in Italy, Beyond Brexit – UK citizens in Italy.

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