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ETH ZURICH

ETH Zurich’s reputation rises in new ranking

The Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich remains the top university in continental Europe according to the latest Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings for 2015, released on Wednesday.

ETH Zurich's reputation rises in new ranking
One of ETH's buildings. Photo: Roland Zumbühl

ETH rose to 15th place from 16th place last year in the rankings which are topped again by Harvard University and dominated in the upper echelons of the top 100 by American and British universities.

The universities of Cambridge and Oxford vaulted into second and third places respectively (from fourth and fifth), ahead of MIT, Stanford, University of California, Berkeley, Princeton, Yale, California Institute of Technology and Columbia University.

ETH’s ascension confirms its growing global reputation as a top school for engineering, science, technology and mathematics.

Established in 1855, its famous graduates include Albert Einstein (1921) and numerous Nobel Prize winners.


Around 18,000 students attend classes at the university’s two campuses.

ETH’s sister institution, the Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) also saw its world reputation ranking rise, from 49th to 48th position.

“This ranking is very simple and very powerful,” Phil Blaty, editor of the Times Higher Education Rankings said in a statement.


“It is based purely on subjective judgment,” Blaty said.

“But it is the expert subjective judgment of those who know most about excellent teaching and research – leading academics from all around the world.”

Over 10,000 academics from 142 countries were polled, giving their opinions without being asked to justify them.
 
Blaty noted the importance of a university’s global academic reputation.

“It not only influences investments and funding decisions, but more importantly, it helps a university to develop and nurture its single greatest asset: its student and academic talent.”

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EPFL

EXPLAINED: How will the post-lockdown tracing system work in Switzerland?

Given there is no Covid-19 vaccine at the present time, contact tracing is believed to be an effective, though complex, strategy for breaking transmission chains and controlling the spread of disease. How will it work in Switzerland?

EXPLAINED: How will the post-lockdown tracing system work in Switzerland?
Research at EPFL will help establish a tracing system. Photo by Fabrice Coffrini / AFP

How does the tracking work?

The process involves identifying contaminated people, so that measures can be taken to prevent the spread of infection on to others.

It is all the more important in cases when the sick person has no symptoms and may not even know they are sick.

Once the infected person is identified, efforts are made to locate and test the people they have been in contact with within the past two weeks. If one of those contacts is found to be infected, the investigation starts again.

Trying to find chains of contamination could be a long process.

What are some of the challenges of contact tracing?

In Switzerland, as in many other countries, the challenge is to establish an effective tracking system, while respecting data protection.

Since mobile phones would be used, various technical and legal questions could arise, particularly on the collection and use of data.

In Switzerland, to process this information in the context of the pandemic, either the consent of the individual or an anonymisation of the data is required.

READ MORE: Swiss scientists launch a new app to collect Covid-19 data 

What tools will Switzerland be using for post-confinement contact tracing?

One possibility would be the tracking by GPS of mobile phones, as already implemented in a partnership between the federal government and Swisscom. This method allowed the authorities to monitor the public to see if they complied with the restrictions related to going out and traveling during the Easter holidays. 

But the government is now supporting a brand new project at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and its sister institution, Zurich’s Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETHZ).

Both are working on the so-called D3-PT project, a free downloadable application for mobile phones, which will run on Google’s Android operating system and on Apple’s iOS.

Its goal, according to Edouard Bugnion, professor of computer science at EPFL, is to “break the chain of virus transmission” by identifying new cases and isolating them. If a person is found positive for coronavirus, all the people he has encountered in the previous days will be alerted, so that they can go into quarantine and be tested. 

No exact details or launch date have been released yet, but the Federal Council thinks the D3-PT tracing would work well in Switzerland.

Will this system guarantee privacy?

Until very recently, the two institutions participated in the European research project Pan-European Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing, bringing together 130 organisations from eight countries.

But EPFL and ETHZ distanced themselves from this project after realising that user data would not be protected, and went on launch the D3-PT system which, they said, would be more “decentralised and transparent”.
 

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