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EBOLA

Danish Ebola vaccine enters human trials

Bavarian Nordic's promising Ebola vaccine began Phase 1 human trials this week at Oxford and plans to expand to the United States and Africa shortly.

Danish Ebola vaccine enters human trials
Photo: Bavarian Nordic
The Danish biomedical company Bavarian Nordic has advanced its Ebola vaccine into the human trial phase, the company has announced.
 
According to Reuters, Bavarian’s vaccine is just the third to enter human testing as researchers continue their efforts to contain an outbreak of Ebola that has killed more than 8,000 people in western Africa. 
 
The company began its Phase 1 trials on Tuesday, having enrolled 72 healthy adult volunteers into four groups that will receive different regimens of Bavarian’s MVA-BN Filovirus and Johnson & Johnson’s AdVac. The initial trials are being held at the University of Oxford and Bavarian said that additional clinic studies will soon get underway in the United States and Africa and will ultimately involve some 300 human subjects. 
 
 
If these initial studies produce positive results, the company will move to Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials in the coming months. 
 
“This first-in-human trial of this Ebola vaccine regimen is a testament of the accelerated efforts by Bavarian Nordic, Johnson & Johnson, the public health authorities and other key stakeholders to make the vaccines broadly available to protect families and frontline health care professionals,“ Bavarian Nordic’s president and CEO, Paul Chaplin, said in a statement.
 
Bavarian Nordic is working closely with Crucell Holland BV, a subsidiary of the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson.
 
In October, Bavarian Nordic and Crucell Holland BV signed a global licence and supply agreement for the MVA-BN Filovirus Ebola vaccine. 
 
According to the company, when combined with Janssen’s AdVac, MVA-BN Filovirus has demonstrated complete protection against Ebola in pre-clinical studies.  

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EBOLA

Spanish researchers develop five-strain vaccine against lethal Ebola virus

Spanish researchers are working on a vaccine against all five strains of the killer Ebola virus in what would be a world first, Madrid's October 12 Hospital said Wednesday (July 11).

Spanish researchers develop five-strain vaccine against lethal Ebola virus
Ebola protects itself with proteins that act as a shield, and only exposes its vulnerable zones for short periods of time. Photo: AFP

A prototype vaccine developed by pharmaceutical group Merck is already in use, but acts only against the most virulent, “Zaire” strain.

Despite not having market approval, Merck's rVSV-ZEBOV was administered to people in the Democratic Republic of Congo in May, with UN approval, in a bid to contain an outbreak of the same virus that killed more than 11,300 in three West African countries from 2013 to 2015, sparking international panic.

For several months, a team from the October 12 Hospital has been working with researchers at two other hospitals in the capital to examine and learn from blood samples taken from three people cured of Ebola in Spain.

Lead researcher Rafael Delgado told reporters the difficulty lay in the fact that the virus protects itself with proteins that act as a shield, and only exposes its vulnerable zones for short periods of time.

That makes it tough for the body's immune system to fight the virus.

The three Spanish patients had produced “very effective” viral antibodies, though in a “small quantity” and only against the Zaire strain they were contaminated with.

Delgado, head of microbiology at the hospital, said researchers are aiming to reproduce these antibodies on a larger scale, and in a way that would make them efficient against all five virus strains.

US medical giant Johnson & Johnson is separately developing an experimental vaccine against two Ebola strains.

Delgado said researchers hope to get results from mouse experiments within a year.

The Ebola epidemic caused alarm in Spain in 2014 when a nursing assistant, Teresa Romero, became the first person infected outside Africa.

She caught the disease while tending to a Spanish missionary repatriated from Sierra Leone, who died in Spain in September that year.