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Hollande lays out new idea for green Tobin tax

French President Francois Hollande shifted position this week on implementing a long-sought financial transactions tax in Europe and said the money should go towards projects aimed at mitigating climate change.

Hollande lays out new idea for green Tobin tax
An activist of the Robin Wood organisation writes the 0,05pc number of the Robin Wood demand referring to the planned Tobin tax on banks. Photo: Michel Gangne/AFP

In an interview on France Inter radio Hollande said such a tax should be put in place next year in willing European countries on "all financial products at a low rate".

That is a shift of position for France, whose insistence that financial derivatives products important for French banks be excluded from the products to be taxed led to the failure of talks last month between 11 EU states that was supposed to finalise the initiative.

The European Commission, the EU's powerful executive arm, as well as Germany and France proposed a tax on financial transactions in the wake of public anger in 2011 against bank traders who were blamed for the financial crisis that had sparked a global recession.

The idea was inspired by the 'Tobin Tax', named after Nobel laureate James Tobin, who proposed it in the 1970s as a means of reducing speculation in global markets and redistributing Wall Street profits to finance development in poor countries.

In the initial European version, the proceeds would go towards financing future bailouts, sparing the taxpayer from saving big banks caught out by over-speculation.

But on Monday Hollande proposed the funds raised by the tax "be used fo the environment, the fight against global warming."

Paris is to host in December a conference that aims to seal a new deal to slow climate change, building on an agreement reached last month in Peru that set in place a format for national pledges to cut emissions of Earth-warming greenhouse gases.

The financial transaction tax has been divisive.

Many EU member states, led by Britain eager to protect its City of London financial hub, have opposed the scheme.

However 11 countries including France and Germany decided to go it alone using a relatively new EU mechanism that allows some members to pursue voluntary agreements.

But as public attention turned away from the crisis, some of those countries, including France, cooled to the idea, preferring to enact a watered-down version that would be less onerous on key types of financial
trades.

France, whose economy is at a standstill, is eager to protect its lucrative derivatives trading sector, a big source of tax receipts for a French government hard-up for cash.

Germany has supported a more ambitious version, covering a wider selection of transactions.

Hollande came under pressure from his Socialist party lawmakers, who pushed for the government to return to the initial plan to tax all transactions.

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Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark’s employment allowance?

Denmark's government may soon announce changes to its tax reform plans, which will give all wage earners a bigger employment allowance. What is this and how will it affect foreigners' earnings?

Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark's employment allowance?

What is the employment allowance? 

The Beskæftigelsesfradraget (from beskæftigelse, meaning employment, and fradrag, meaning rebate) was brought in by the centre-right Liberal Party back in 2004, the idea being that it would incentivise people to get off welfare and into a job.

Everyone whose employer pays Denmark’s 8 percent AM-bidrag, or arbejdsmarkedsbidrag, automatically receives beskæftigelsesfradraget. Unlike with some of Denmark’s tax rebates, there is no need to apply. The Danish Tax Agency simply exempts the first portion of your earnings from income taxes. 

In 2022, beskæftigelsesfradraget was set at 10.65 percent of income with a maximum rebate of 44,800 kroner. 

How did the government agree to change the employment allowance in its coalition deal? 

In Responsibility for Denmark, the coalition agreement between the Social Democrats, the Liberals and the Moderate Party, the new government said it would set aside 5 billion kroner for tax reforms.

Of this, 4 billion kroner was earmarked for increasing the employment allowance, with a further 0.3 billion going towards increasing an additional employment allowance for single parents.

According to the public broadcaster DR, the expectation was that this would increase the standard employment  allowance to 12.75 percent up to a maximum rebate of 53,600 kroner. 

How might this be further increased, according to Børsen? 

According to a report in the Børsen newspaper, the government now plans to set aside a further 1.75 billion kroner for tax reforms, of which nearly half — about 800 million kroner — will go towards a further increase to the employment allowance. 

The Danish Chamber of Commerce earlier this month released an analysis in which it argued that by raising removing all limits on the rebate for single parents and raising the maximum rebate for everone else by 20,300 kroner, the government could increase the labour supply by 4,850 people, more than double the 1,500 envisaged in the government agreement. 

According to the Børsen, the government estimates that its new extended allowance will increase the labour supply by 5,150 people.  

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