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UNHCR

Nations in Geneva vow to take 100,000 Syrians

Countries have more than doubled the number of Syrian refugees they are willing to resettle to over 100,000, the head of the UN refugee agency said on Tuesday.

Nations in Geneva vow to take 100,000 Syrians
Antonio Guterres: praises "leading role" of Germany and Sweden. Photo: UNHCR

"Today, 28 countries expressed their solidarity with the Syrian refugees but also with the five neighbouring countries which are hosting them . . . offering what we estimate will be more than 100,000 opportunities for resettlement and humanitarian admission," Antonio Guterres told reporters after a high-level pledging conference in Geneva.
   
There was no clear overview over which countries had pledged what, but Guterres stressed the leading role played by Germany and Sweden in the resettlement programme.
   
Germany, which is hosting some 80,000 Syrian refugees, including 20,000 in the UN resettlement programme, did not immediately pledge additional spots, saying it was waiting for a signal from the European Union and demanding a "Europe-wide campaign" to help distribute the burden more evenly.
   
Going into the conference, just over 40,000 resettlement places had been pledged by two dozen countries, Guterres said.

After the forum, he voiced confidence that "we have clearly more than doubled the perspectives that we had until now".
   
While only 66,254 of the pledged spots were "firm and concrete", Guterres pointed out that 11 countries had announced they were creating new resettlement programmes or would be expanding existing programmes.
   
The UNHCR has called on countries by 2016 to help resettle 130,000 of the more than 3.2 million registered refugees amassed in Syria's neighbours since the conflict erupted in March 2011.
   
The influx is putting a huge strain on host countries Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq and Egypt, and Guterres said he was "very happy" with the solidarity voiced at the conference.
   
He stressed though that Tuesday's pledges were "not the end of the process.

That is the beginning of a process," and that the UN would continue pushing on towards the 130,000 goal.
   
But even that would only be a step towards covering the true resettlement need for Syrian refugees, Guterres said, pointing to estimates that at least ten percent, or more than 300,000, of the refugees would be best served through resettlement.
   
Sweden, which counts the most Syrian refugees compared to population size, with some 60,000 asylum seekers from the war-torn country, said it would double its current 1,500 resettlement spots.
   
German Interior Minister Emily Haber told AFP that "Europe cannot keep its eyes shut," insisting on the need to offer "adequate housing" to the Syrian refugees.
   
Guterres also hailed the United States for vowing to "accelerate" its resettlement programme, which is already reviewing 9,000 Syrian cases.
   
"We are receiving roughly 1,000 new ones each month, and we expect admissions from Syria to surge in 2015 and beyond," Anne Richard, the US Assistant Secretary of State for Population, Refugees and Migration, told the conference.

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IMMIGRATION

ANALYSIS: Fortress Denmark wants to send its asylum seekers outside Europe

Denmark already has one of Europe's harshest stances on immigration, but the wealthy Scandinavian country is set to adopt legislation on Thursday enabling it to open asylum centres outside Europe where applicants would be sent to live.

ANALYSIS: Fortress Denmark wants to send its asylum seekers outside Europe
A group of refugees arrive at Kigali International Airport after a life-saving evacuation flight to Rwanda from Libya. Photo: UNHCR/Eugene Sibomana

The latest move by Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen’s Social Democratic anti-immigration government is aimed at deterring migrants from coming to Denmark at all.

In practice, asylum seekers would have to submit an application in person at the Danish border and then be flown to an asylum centre outside Europe while their application is being processed.

If the application is approved and the person is granted refugee status, he or she would be given the right to live in the host country.

The proposal is expected to sail through parliament on Thursday, supported by a majority including the far-right, despite opposition from some left-wing parties.

Denmark normally has a reputation for being one of the happiest countries in the world. But it has repeatedly made headlines in recent years with its anti-immigration policies, including its official “zero refugees” target, its withdrawal of residence permits from Syrians now that it considers parts of the wartorn country safe, and its crackdown on Danish “ghettos” in a bid to reduce the number of “non-Western” residents.

The aim of the new law is to establish a legal foundation for the transfer of people seeking international protection in Denmark to a third country, according to the immigration ministry.

Denmark would foot the bill for the operation, but the processing of asylum requests would be carried out by the host country. If a person’s asylum request is rejected, the migrant would be asked to leave the host country.

But even “those whose asylum claims are successful after being exported will not be allowed to come ‘back’ to Denmark to enjoy refugee status. They will simply get refugee status in the as-yet unnamed host country,” University of Copenhagen migration expert Martin Lemberg-Pedersen told AFP.

In talks with Rwanda

No country has as yet agreed to collaborate with Denmark on the project, but the government says it is in talks with five to 10 countries, without identifying them.

“A system of transferring asylum seekers to a third country must, of course, be established within the framework of international conventions,” Migration Minister Mattias Tesfaye told AFP. “That will be a prerequisite for an agreement. In addition, we need to have a monitoring mechanism in place so that we can continuously ensure that everything is going as planned.”

He had previously said the countries may not necessarily be democracies “in the way we see things.”

Danish media have mentioned Egypt, Eritrea and Ethiopia as possibilities. Denmark is meanwhile known to be in talks with Rwanda — which also discussed similar plans with Israel in the past.

At the end of April, Denmark and Rwanda signed a memorandum of understanding on asylum and migration cooperation, though the document doesn’t specifically cover external asylum processing.

“Denmark is committed to finding new and sustainable solutions to the present migration and refugee challenges that affect countries of origin, transit and destination,” the document states.

‘Risk of domino effect’

The new legislation marks a complete U-turn on immigration for Denmark’s Social Democrats under Frederiksen’s reign.

For many years, the populist Danish People’s Party had a monopoly on anti-immigration policy. But their stance has become the norm, University of Copenhagen political scientist Kasper Hansen noted.

Five years after the adoption of a law that allowed Denmark to seize asylum seekers’ valuables — legislation that made headlines but was actually rarely applied — authorities continue to practice deterrence.

“This proposal is the continuation of the symbolic policy. It’s a little bit like Donald Trump and his wall,” the secretary-general of ActionAid Denmark, Tim Whyte, told AFP.

In 2019, only 2,716 people sought asylum in Denmark, eight times fewer than during the 2015 migrant crisis. While the initiative will yield political gain at home, international observers have expressed concern.

For the UN refugee agency, the UNHCR, the proposal is “contrary to the principles of international refugee cooperation.”

“By initiating such a drastic and restrictive change in Danish refugee legislation, Denmark risks starting a domino effect, where other countries in Europe and in neighbouring regions will also explore the possibility of limiting the protection of refugees on their soil,” UNHCR’s representative in the Nordic and Baltic countries, Henrik Nordentoft, told news agency Ritzau.

Denmark is letting its European partners down, Whyte said. “Refugees will seek asylum in Germany, France, Sweden. It will not deter them to cross the Mediterranean Sea but they won’t get to Denmark, which in a way is abdicating its responsibilities.”

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