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POLITICS

Sarkozy return hopes hit as cops grill two allies

The chances of former French President Nicolas Sarkozy returning to politics continue to be undermined by legal hurdles. This time it is two of his former allies who are in hot water over a corruption probe. Sarkozy is expected to make his comeback next year.

Sarkozy return hopes hit as cops grill two allies
Former aide and ex-Interior Minister Claude Gueant (left) and Nicolas Sarkozy, whose chances of making a return continue to hit hurdles. Photo: Pascal Pochard-Casabianca/Flickr

Two of Nicolas Sarkozy's closest allies were held for questioning on Tuesday in a corruption probe threatening to undermine the former French president's hopes of staging a political comeback.

Police sources said Claude Gueant and the former director general of the French national police, Michel Gaudin, were being questioned as part of a probe into the alleged operation of a secret slush fund when Gueant was chief of staff for then interior minister Sarkozy.

Gueant went on to become interior minister under Sarkozy's presidency while Gaudin was appointed to another top police job, the prefect of police for Paris, and is the former president's current chief of staff.

An investigation was opened in June after a government report revealed that Gueant had been handed €10,000 ($13,780) in cash every month from the police budget between 2002 and 2004.

Sources close to Gueant say the cash was not for personal or political use and was used to pay special bonuses to officers assigned to ensure Sarkozy's personal protection, in line with longstanding practice in the ministry.

Police can question the two men for up to 48 hours before making a decision on whether to charge them – a move which would represent a setback for Sarkozy's desire to return to the frontline of French politics in time to
fight the 2017 presidential election.

Right-winger Sarkozy was France's president from 2007 until 2012, when he was beaten by the Socialist Party's Francois Hollande.

Married to former supermodel Carla Bruni, he remains France's best-known politician internationally and, since leaving office, he has concentrated on earning money on the international conference circuit.

The biggest obstacle to a political comeback was widely seen as having been lifted in October when judges dropped a formal corruption charge against Sarkozy in a probe into illegal party financing.

Had the charges been maintained, Sarkozy would likely have had to stand trial in 2014 and a possible appeal the following year, around the time the presidential campaign will begin in earnest.

He would have faced a potential three-year prison term and a ban from public office had he been convicted of accepting money from France's richest woman, Liliane Bettencourt, when she was too frail to know what she was doing.

The decision to drop the charges was hailed by Sarkozy's allies as clearing the decks for another tilt at the presidency and he has made it clear in recent weeks that he intends to re-enter the political fray, portraying the
decision as his duty in the face of the current government's failure to revive the stagnating economy.

Comeback pencilled in for mid-2014

"The question is not whether I want to come back or not," French media have quoted Sarkozy as telling prominent members of his UMP party. "I can't not come back, you understand. I don't have any choice."

One regular visitor to Sarkozy's office in central Paris reports that the 58-year-old's relaunch is being pencilled in for the aftermath of European elections in May, at which the far-right National Front (FN) is currently
forecast to making major gains.

Since Sarkozy left office, the UMP has been beset by in-fighting and it is the FN that has been the primary beneficiary of the Socialist government's unpopularity – a situation which analysts say presents the former president
with a perfect opening to return in the guise of saviour.

Whether Sarkozy would actually be capable of leading the UMP to victory in 2017 is less clear.

Analysts attributed his defeat by the uncharismatic Hollande in 2012 to the fact that key swing voters regarded him as a divisive figure and were put off by the lurch to the right that characterised his final years in power.

Sarkozy also faces lingering uncertainty over the fallout from the outstanding corruption cases in which he is embroiled.

His former campaign treasurer Eric Woerth is one of ten people sent for trial in the Bettencourt case.

Sarkozy is separately being investigated over allegations that he:

  • Accepted 50 million euros ($65 million) from former Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi for his 2007 campaign.
  • Organised kickbacks from a Pakistani arms deal to finance the 1995 presidential campaign of former premier Edouard Balladur.
  • Used public funds to pay for party political research while president and handed out contracts for polling to a political crony.
  • Rigged a dispute settlement procedure to deliver a huge state payout to disgraced tycoon Bernard Tapie in return for support in 2007.

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POLITICS

French parliament backs bill against hair discrimination affecting black women

France's lower house of parliament on Thursday approved a bill forbidding workplace discrimination based on hair texture, which the draft law's backers say targets mostly black women wearing their hair naturally.

French parliament backs bill against hair discrimination affecting black women

Olivier Serva, an independent National Assembly deputy for the French overseas territory of Guadeloupe and the bill’s sponsor, said it would penalise any workplace discrimination based on “hair style, colour, length or texture”.

Similar laws exist in around 20 US states which have identified hair discrimination as an expression of racism.

In Britain, the Equality and Human Rights Commission has issued guidelines against hair discrimination in schools.

Serva, who is black, said women “of African descent” were often encouraged before job interviews to change their style of hair. Backers also say that men who wear their hair in styles like dreadlocks are also affected.

The bill was approved in the lower house National Assembly with 44 votes in favour and two against. It will now head to the upper Senate where the right has the majority and the vote’s outcome is much less certain.

‘Target of discrimination’

Serva, who also included discrimination suffered by blondes and redheads in his proposal, points to an American study stating that a quarter of black women polled said they had been ruled out for jobs because of how they wore their hair at the job interview.

Such statistics are hard to come by in France, which bans the compilation of personal data that mention a person’s race or ethnic background on the basis of the French Republic’s “universalist” principles.

The draft law does not, in fact, contain the term “racism”, noted Daphne Bedinade, a social anthropologist, saying the omission was problematic.

“To make this only about hair discrimination is to mask the problems of people whose hair makes them a target of discrimination, mostly black women,” she told Le Monde daily.

A black Air France air crew member in 2022 won a 10-year legal battle for the right to work with braided hair on flights after a decision by France’s highest appeals court.

While statistics are difficult to come by, high-profile people have faced online harassment because of their hairstyle.

In the political sphere they include former government spokeswoman Sibeth Ndiaye, and Audrey Pulvar, a deputy mayor of Paris, whose afro look has attracted much negative comment online.

The bill’s critics say it is unnecessary, as discrimination based on looks is already banned by law.

“There is no legal void here,” said Eric Rocheblave, a lawyer specialising in labour law.

Calling any future law “symbolic”, Rocheblave said it would not be of much practical help when it came to proving discrimination in court.

Kenza Bel Kenadil, an influencer and self-proclaimed “activist against hair discrimination”, said a law would still send an important message.

“It would tell everybody that the law protects you in every way and lets you style your hair any way you want,” she said.

The influencer, who has 256,000 followers on Instagram, said she herself had been “forced” to tie her hair in a bun when she was working as a receptionist.

Her employers were “very clear”, she said. “It was, either you go home and fix your hair or you don’t come here to work”.

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