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DESIGN

Young Italians invent a bright future

In an era where jobs are scarce, Italians are becoming entrepreneurs and creating their own businesses. The Local speaks to Tommaso Marzioni and Davide Dattoli, who have come up with ideas to brighten their future.

Young Italians invent a bright future
The Bulbo team: (L-R) Lorenzo Antonioni, Tommaso Marzioni, Sara Pellegrini, Zeno Pasquini and Chiara Piovene. Photo: Bulbo

Marzioni, 27, is part of a five-strong team behind Bulbo, a company which sells Italian-made lamps designed for home farming. This means urban dwellers can grow chillies in their kitchen and basil in their bathroom with style.

The idea won them the Spinner Global Grant, a prize for innovative technology co-funded by the EU, and the group has just returned from showcasing Bublo in London.

While the team has been awarded for their design efforts – which started back in 2010 as a technology project at the Polytechnic University of Milan – their success can also be a business model for other Italian startups.

“We are going through a tough period in Italy in which the market in most sectors is slowing down…normal work is difficult to find and the pay is very low," Marzioni tells The Local.

“When you are forced to find solutions on your own, it’s then that you come up with the right thing to do."

Bulbo was the brainchild of Lorenzo Antonioni, the 28-year-old who first designed the lamps while doing an internship at a lighting company. He then appealed to friends with different expertise, including economics graduate Marzioni, to turn the idea into a business.

Together they worked on a funding application, which they won in November 2012, before approaching a design company in Bologna to make the lamps.

From the outset the team were determined to create a ‘Made in Italy’ product. “One of the important aspects for European funding is to create new ideas which involve the greatest number of suppliers in country,” he explains.

“Italy has a lot of knowledge and know-how and we wanted to associate this with a new product and innovation.”

With winter fast approaching, the Bulbo team aims to brighten up darker countries in Europe. “The further north you go, the more useful Bulbo is because it’s associated with the land of winters and low light. So we have started focusing on the Nordic countries,” Marzioni says.

Looking beyond Italy is essential for business success, he adds: “Today it’s very important to expand internationally. We have all had experiences working or studying in other countries and live in a society formed of many cultures and ideas.”

Marzioni encourages other young Italians to do the same and look beyond the economic crisis, which has seen youth unemployment top 40 percent.

“You have to choose; take a risk when you don’t know where it’s going and do the best you can with good ideas,” he says.

People should also explore the numerous funding options; by winning a grant Bulbo not only gained vital financing but also credibility on the market. “Never think that without money you can’t do anything…there is always a way to come up with the solution,” Marzioni says.

Space for talent

Davide Dattoli, 22, has also spotted opportunity in Italy. Two years ago he created Talent Garden, a company that runs shared workspaces in seven cities across Italy.

While the concept may be the norm in New York or London, the idea is new to Italy. Dattoli came up with his own model, including appealing design features such as eco-friendly furniture and table football, and raised the capital from local businesses. 

"The idea came from the need to have a stimulating space and to meet interesting people," Dattoli tells The Local. "Local businesses want us to help their area, to develop and improve it; they've helped us grow quickly."

From its origins in the northern city of Brescia, Talent Garden now boasts a team of 30 and 450 members who pay a monthly fee of €250 to access any of the workspaces. Members also benefit from Talent Garden operating around the clock, catering for a diverse range of careers.

Now well established in northern Italy, Dattoli has his sights set on the capital and beyond. 

“We are still working and we will have more places open soon. We are looking to expand the network across Europe, the US – the world,” he says.

While the business is entirely different from that of the Bulbo team, both Dattoli and Marzioni attribute their success to their international approach.

"We are often in different places around the world to study similar models and make agreements. Today the market is global and we cannot only think of our own country; each business must get global," says Dattoli. 

But for those not able to travel beyond Italy's borders, he adds that entrepreneurs can succeed by first focusing on a clear business plan.

"Always aim high," he adds.

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JOBS

Working remotely from Italy: What are the rules for foreigners?

Moving to Italy to work remotely may seem easier than ever before, but what rules do you need to consider if you’re working internationally?

If you work remotely, can you just move your life and laptop to Italy?
If you work remotely, can you just move your life and laptop to Italy? Photo by Persnickety Prints on Unsplash

All you need is a computer and an internet connection for many jobs, meaning that living in Italy while working for a company based in the US, Canada or the UK, for example, is technically straightforward.

In fact, it’s easier than ever before after the pandemic created a worldwide shift to working from home – including in Italy, where the concept was practically unheard of before.

READ ALSO: Freelance or employee: Which is the best way to work in Italy?

Dubbed ‘smart working‘ in Italy, remote work is widely seen as an opportunity to boost economies outside of the main cities and reverse ‘brain drain’ in the south. It has even kickstarted much-needed efforts to improve the country’s internet speeds and accessibility.

Some of Italy’s many depopulated towns are also offering incentives to remote workers who could help revive the area.

But while it’s becoming increasingly feasible to work remotely in Italy, foreign nationals taking this option need also to consider how it affects their residency, work permits and tax status.

Here’s what you need to know before you pack your laptop and passport.

Digital Nomad or Italian resident?

Digital Nomad is a term used to describe people who work from their laptop or smartphone and move around, from country to country.

It usually involves spending a short time in each place while doing some short-term tech-based work, like blogging or publishing content. Instagram influencers are counted among such type of workers.

Some countries including Spain are even offering Digital Nomad visas to tempt people to head to under-populated areas of the country.

READ ALSO: Will Italy really pay you to move to its ‘smart working’ villages?

Remote working in Italy
Photo: Helena Lopes on Unsplash

While Italy doesn’t specifically have a Digital Nomad visa, there are tax breaks on offer for people moving to Italy to become self-employed – see below for how to obtain this type of visa.

What you need to do depends on how long you intend to be in Italy for. If you want to live in Italy rather than just pass through for a short while, working digitally as you go, you’ll need to get some paperwork in order.

It’s important to have a strategy if you’re planning to work remotely in Italy, according to Nicolò Bolla who runs finance firm Accounting Bolla. His advice is to create a rigorous plan regarding immigration and tax.

“If you fail to set up a proper immigration and business strategy, it could cost you time and money. Make your calculations before making any decisions,” he said.

Working in Italy

If you come here for a short amount of time and continue working for a company in your home country, does that count as working in Italy?

Firstly, you need to consider where your home country is as that has an influence on your first step.

If you hold a passport of any EU country, including Ireland or a Schengen zone country, then you are covered by the European Union freedom of movement rules and can move to Italy with much more ease than is the case for non-EU nationals.

READ ALSO:

In fact, EU citizens and also nationals from Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Switzerland don’t need a permit to work in Italy.

However, if you belong in this category you will need an Italian residence permit for stays longer than three months.

If you’re from a country that doesn’t benefit from EU freedom of movement, such as the UK, New Zealand, Canada or the US for example, you can take advantage of the 90-day rule, which means you can travel to Italy visa-free for up to 90 days in every 180.

This may be enough if you’re a digital nomad and only want to spend some time in Italy before returning home. However, if you want to stay longer, you’ll most likely need to work out which visa you’ll need.

Work visas

If you’re planning to move to Italy outside of these parameters you’ll need a work visa. Let’s look at non-EU citizens, as work visas apply to this group.

As a non-EU citizen, there are three main documents you need to live and work in Italy:

  • a work permit
  • a work visa
  • a residence permit (permesso di soggiorno) within 8 days of arriving in Italy.
Photo by Avi Richards on Unsplash

If you’re working remotely, you may choose to be self-employed or, if you have a really understanding boss who’ll let you live abroad, you may continue working for a company in your home country.

Let’s look at the self-employment route first.

READ ALSO: ‘Smart working’? Here’s what you need to know about going self-employed in Italy

If you’re planning on working for yourself, with potentially various clients, but you want to do so while living in Italy, you’ll need a self-employment visa.

The process can be tricky and take months, so it’s best to ensure you account for long timescales before transferring your life to Italy.

It’s also far from guaranteed, even if you’re ready to take on the bureaucracy. Tax advisor Bolla warned that this visa has one of the highest rejected application rates.

What’s more, there is a cap on how many foreign national workers are allowed to come into Italy each year, which is determined by the so-called Inflow Decree, or ‘decreto flussi’.

This only opens for a few months every year and it’s the only time non-EU nationals can apply for all kinds of work visa.

This year’s cap has still not been released, but for 2020 the government decree set the limit at 30,850. Very few of those are allocated to self-employed workers – just 500 in 2020 – so you’ll need to be tenacious and quick to get hold of one.

It’s also worth bearing in mind that, among other documents, you’ll also need to show proof of accommodation, funds exceeding €8,500 and a police check.

If you do manage to claim one of these elusive self-employment visas, you can enter Italy.

Once you’re in the country, you have eight days to apply for a ‘permesso di soggiorno’ (a residence permit), which will be issued by your local Questura (the provincial police headquarters).

The visa is valid for two years initially and can be renewed.

What about being an employee for a company in another country?

In this case, you’re still on a payroll somewhere and don’t count as self-employed in Italy.

As stated above, provided you are an EU national, there will be no requirement to obtain a visa or work permit.

If you’re not lucky enough to be in this group, it gets tricky.

EXPLAINED: How to get an Italian work visa

How to work remotely in Italy.
Photo by Hannah Wei on Unsplash

If you are British and covered by the post-Brexit Withdrawal Agreement (for people resident in Italy before December 31st 2020) – the carta di soggiorno maintains your right to work in Italy.

However, the UK/EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement does not contain any provisions to allow new remote working arrangements in the way that UK citizens may hope is possible.

EXPLAINED: What Brits need to know about visas for Italy after Brexit

Employees are entitled to stay in Italy for a maximum period of 90 days without needing to apply for a visa or a residence permit.

Beyond that, it’s currently not possible to stay working in Italy for any longer under these conditions – that is, remotely and without a work visa.

For everyone else, Italy’s official visa portal has created a questionnaire which shows the visa requirements that may apply to you, depending on your reason of stay and how long you intend to stay.

Furthermore, the EU guidelines on moving and working in Europe have provided this advice: “As a basic rule, you are subject to the legislation of the country where you actually work as an employed or a self-employed person. It doesn’t matter where you live or where your employer is based.”

Living and working in Italy

If you decide to make the move and live and work in Italy, what do you need to do?

Once you’ve figured out which work visa is right for you (for those who need one), you’ll then need to apply for residency.

A work visa is a type of long-stay visa that allows you to enter Italy only. After that, you will also have to get an Italian residence permit (permesso di soggiorno) in order to be allowed to stay for longer than 90 days.

READ ALSO:

There are a few different types of permit to stay in Italy and it must correlate with your intentions and with the conditions of your visa.

The permesso di soggiorno is usually processed in about three to six months, and the duration varies according to the type. Having the permit will give you full access to public healthcare, social assistance and education.

After five years of residence in Italy a non-EU citizen can apply for a permesso di soggiorno per soggiornanti di lungo periodo (permission to stay for a long period), which can be renewed less frequently. But you’ll need to meet certain conditions like having a minimum income and passing a language test.

Tax and social security

This is often an area that trips people up if they work for international clients but live in Italy. Where do the taxes get paid to?

“If you live in Italy, you pay taxes in Italy,” Bolla clarified.

If you’re a resident in Italy, as an employee you are subject to Italy’s income tax rates known as ‘Irpef’ (L’imposta sul reddito delle persone fisiche), which currently range from a minimum of 23 percent to a maximum of 43 percent.

The employer is also required to pay the social security contributions to Italian Social Security Authority (INPS) – even if the employer is based outside Italy.

READ ALSO:

This is currently equal to a minimum of 33 percent of earnings, of which approximately 9 percent falls to the employee.

Different tax rates apply for freelancers with tax breaks available to new residents – and of course, you’re responsible for paying social security contributions too.

You’ll need to file an annual tax return in Italy as stipulated by the worldwide taxation principle, which dictates that you must report your worldwide income and therefore file your taxes in the country where you reside.

You shouldn’t be paying your taxes twice, however, according to Italy’s Inland Revenue (Agenzie delle Entrate).

“Italy has bilateral agreements with many foreign countries to avoid double taxation on income and capital. These agreements establish the range of the power to set taxes of the two States,” the tax authorities stated.

The subject of tax for remote workers is complicated, so please seek professional advice based on your personal circumstances before proceeding.

Have you moved to Italy to work remotely? Please get in touch or leave a comment below to tell us about your experience.

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