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UK’s Boots in Gibraltar ‘tax loophole’ row

Boots, the UK's number one chemist chain, has been accused of dodging €1.3 billion (£1.1 billion) in tax via a shell company in Gibraltar just as the European Union launches an investigation into the UK-held territory's fiscal regime.

UK's Boots in Gibraltar 'tax loophole' row
The European Union has opened an investigation into Gibraltar's fiscal regime. Photo: Carl de Souza

A British trade union has slammed slammed the high-street chain for using a legal tax loophole to avoid paying taxes, the UK's Daily Mirror has reported.

The union Unite claims Boots has deducted interest payments on the €10.7 billion (£9 billion) debt taken on to fund its buyout six years ago.

Unite has declared Boots’s "missing millions" could have paid for "two years’ prescription charges in England, the starting wages of 78,000 nurses or 5.2 million ambulance calls".

Founded in England in 1853, Boots was bought by Italian billionaire Stefano Pessina and US multinational private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts in 2007.

The new owners moved the headquarters to tax-friendly Switzerland and now run Boots via a firm based in Gibraltar.

Boots responded to the allegations by releasing a statement in which it claims to organize its tax affairs strictly in compliance with all applicable laws and always with the highest standard of good ethics.

The news comes just as the European Commission opens a rigorous investigation to corroborate whether the new Gibraltar corporate tax regime introduced in 2010 selectively favours certain categories of companies — a stance which breaches EU state aid rules.

"The Commission will in particular examine the exemption for passive income such as royalties and interest from corporate tax," read a press statement released by Brussels on Wednesday.

It’s these exemptions for passive income — including dividends, royalties and corporate tax interest that are not subject to tax in Gibraltar irrespective of where the source of the income is located — that Boots has allegedly made use of.

“Tax avoidance is now part of the DNA of a corporate British culture that is rotten to the core,” said Unite General Secretary Len McCluskey. 

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Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark’s employment allowance?

Denmark's government may soon announce changes to its tax reform plans, which will give all wage earners a bigger employment allowance. What is this and how will it affect foreigners' earnings?

Beskæftigelsesfradraget: What is Denmark's employment allowance?

What is the employment allowance? 

The Beskæftigelsesfradraget (from beskæftigelse, meaning employment, and fradrag, meaning rebate) was brought in by the centre-right Liberal Party back in 2004, the idea being that it would incentivise people to get off welfare and into a job.

Everyone whose employer pays Denmark’s 8 percent AM-bidrag, or arbejdsmarkedsbidrag, automatically receives beskæftigelsesfradraget. Unlike with some of Denmark’s tax rebates, there is no need to apply. The Danish Tax Agency simply exempts the first portion of your earnings from income taxes. 

In 2022, beskæftigelsesfradraget was set at 10.65 percent of income with a maximum rebate of 44,800 kroner. 

How did the government agree to change the employment allowance in its coalition deal? 

In Responsibility for Denmark, the coalition agreement between the Social Democrats, the Liberals and the Moderate Party, the new government said it would set aside 5 billion kroner for tax reforms.

Of this, 4 billion kroner was earmarked for increasing the employment allowance, with a further 0.3 billion going towards increasing an additional employment allowance for single parents.

According to the public broadcaster DR, the expectation was that this would increase the standard employment  allowance to 12.75 percent up to a maximum rebate of 53,600 kroner. 

How might this be further increased, according to Børsen? 

According to a report in the Børsen newspaper, the government now plans to set aside a further 1.75 billion kroner for tax reforms, of which nearly half — about 800 million kroner — will go towards a further increase to the employment allowance. 

The Danish Chamber of Commerce earlier this month released an analysis in which it argued that by raising removing all limits on the rebate for single parents and raising the maximum rebate for everone else by 20,300 kroner, the government could increase the labour supply by 4,850 people, more than double the 1,500 envisaged in the government agreement. 

According to the Børsen, the government estimates that its new extended allowance will increase the labour supply by 5,150 people.  

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