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FRENCH HISTORY

French heritage sites ‘at risk’ amid lack of funds

A leading expert has warned that the city of Paris and the French state must do more to protect French heritage, after the World Monuments Fund placed two historically-significant churches in the capital, which have fallen into disrepair, on an "at risk" list.

French heritage sites 'at risk' amid lack of funds
The damaged interior of the Church of Notre Dame de Lorette in Paris, one of two "at risk" French heritage sites in this year's World Monuments Fund "Watch List." Photo: WMF

The Church of Saint-Merri and the Church of Notre Dame de Lorette in Paris, two historically-significant heritage sites, have fallen into disrepair, one of them to the point of being dangerous to the public, due to insufficient investment by the Paris authorities, a leading expert on world monuments told The Local on Wednesday.

Commenting after the two churches were listed on its 2014 ‘at risk list’, the World Monuments Fund ‘s European president said Paris Town Hall, and the French government “must do more” to protect the country’s heritage.

“It’s not that French cities, who are responsible for churches, and the French state, which is responsible for cathedrals, are doing nothing towards the upkeep of these monuments,” said Bertrand Duvignaud.

“But there has been a long-running lack of serious investment in them, and these heritage sites have been neglected for a while now,” he added, noting that the churches listed in the World Monuments Fund were “just two of many worrying sites in France.”

The Eglise Saint-Merri, a Gothic 16th century church near Paris City Hall in the 4th arrondissement, has netting over its façade, to prevent injury to churchgoers and passersby from falling masonry, as well as damage to its interior.

The Eglise Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, a neoclassical 19th century church near Paris’s busy shopping street of Boulevard Haussmann in the 9th arrondissement, has suffered damage to its interior over the years, with many decorative paintings falling into disrepair.

“Like many of these significant but lesser-known churches, they do not have adequate maintenance and conservation resources,” says the World Monuments Fund in its file on the French sites.

“Private organizations, parishes and local groups are trying their best to raise funds, but ultimately the responsibility lies with Paris Town Hall, since the churches are their property,” said Duvignaud.

As for the French government, according to Duvignaud it is still not doing enough to look after monuments such as Beauvais Cathedral, France’s tallest Gothic cathedral, which was on the World Monument Fund’s watch list in previous years.


Beauvais Cathedral. Photo:  Pepijntje/Wikimedia

The World Monuments Fund Watch List for 2014 details 67 heritage sites that are “at risk” in 41 countries throughout the world.

Four UK sites are in danger, according to the list, including Battersea power station in London and Sulgrave Manor in Northamptonshire.

In the US, the Cloisters Museum and Gardens in New York, and the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial in St. Louis Missouri are among five monuments “at risk” in this year’s report.

A representative from the Paris Town Hall was not available for comment at time of writing. 

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PARIS

Paris’ Montmartre sets its sights on World Heritage bid

The Paris neighbourhood of Montmartre - famous for its bohemian and artistic history as well as Sacré-Coeur basilica - plans to apply for Unesco recognition, and has invited residents in the area to support the bid.

Paris' Montmartre sets its sights on World Heritage bid

The “Montmartre Patrimoine Mondial” association has given itself until September to submit an application to the French Ministry of Culture – the first step of gaining recognition as a Unesco World Heritage Site.

The arrondissement’s Mayor’s office told Le Parisien the bid would have its “moral and financial support” for the bid, which aims to make the most of the area’s history, colourful nightlife and timeless charms.

To be listed as Unesco World Heritage site, one of the criteria is to show cultural interest. Montmartre’s application relies – among others – on the Villa Radet, the artistic heritage, the maquis, plants, and the Montmartre wine. Selection criteria have been discussed with connoisseurs and lovers of the Butte such as the Société du Vieux Montmartre.

The first stage of bid would be to get Montmartre included on a national heritage list. Then, it would have to wait to be proposed by France to Unesco – a process that could take many years, as countries can only propose one candidate for inclusion on the list in any given year.

Montmartre is a relatively recent addition to the city – it was annexed into Paris in January 1860, along with other communities (faubourgs) surrounding the capital, and became part of the 18th arrondissement.

In the 19th-century it was a mecca for artists, in part because its status outside the city made it cheaper and exempt from certain city bylaws.

These days, millions of tourists tramp up its slopes every year, usually to admire the white-stone Sacre Coeur basilica, the panoramic views of Paris, or to visit the most famous of the French capital’s vineyards.   

And critics have said that the Place du Tertre, a hugely popular village-like square at the top, is threatening to become some sort of “Disneyland”.

Once favoured by penniless artists for its cheap lodgings, Montmartre has seen property prices sky-rocket, with homes snapped up by the rich and famous. 

Montmartre won further acclaim when its picturesque streets hit the big screen in 1991 with the release of Amelie, a light-hearted romantic comedy which painted a rosy, idealised version of the neighbourhood. 

The possible effects of World Heritage status on already high tourist numbers has been raised numerous times in neighbourhood council meetings, but the association behind the bid believes Unesco listing would only enhance and protect the historic artists’ quarter of Paris.

“We’re applying for World Heritage status, not TripAdvisor,” mayor Éric Lejoindre told Le Parisien. He said that inclusion on the UN list would be “an additional tool to limit Airbnb”. 

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