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BUSINESS

France limits Apple’s working day, unlike US

In the US Apple might be free to cater to customers' needs 24-hours a day, but a French court has banned the computer giant from forcing French staff to work at night, after falling foul of a long-standing French restriction on working hours.

France limits Apple's working day, unlike US
File photo of Apple's flagship French store at Opéra, Paris. Photo: zoetnet/Flickr

Apple, which has seven stores in France, was told by the court in Paris this week that it could not have its employees working between the hours of 9pm and 6am.

Trade unions greeted the decision as a victory. Eric Scherrer from the CFTC (French confederation of Christian workers) told AFP: “This shows the desire of the courts to respect our traditions about night-time work.

"We just ask that the law be respected," said Thomas Bordage from the SUD union (United Democratic Unitarians).

As a deterrent, the court set a provisional fine of €50,000 for each recorded instance that staff at Apple Retail France are found working late. The computer giant was also ordered to pay six employee unions a total of €10,000 in damages and interest.

French law prohibits night-time working hours, unless it is "necessary to ensure continued economic activity or public services'.

Apple's flagship Parisian store, at Opéra, for example, is open from 9am to 8pm on Monday to Wednesday, and from 9am to 9pm between Thursday and Saturday. It is closed all day every Sunday. 

By comparison, the Apple store on 5th Avenue in Manhattan is open 24 hours per day, on every day of the year. 

Employee unions in France have in recent years intensified their legal efforts to protect the ban on nocturnal working hours, targeting major retail chains like Franprix, Bricorama and Monoprix in the courts.

According to Europe1 radio, Apple has decided not to appeal against the verdict.

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ENVIRONMENT

Sweden’s SSAB to build €4.5bn green steel plant in Luleå 

The Swedish steel giant SSAB has announced plans to build a new steel plant in Luleå for 52 billion kronor (€4.5 billion), with the new plant expected to produce 2.5 million tons of steel a year from 2028.

Sweden's SSAB to build €4.5bn green steel plant in Luleå 

“The transformation of Luleå is a major step on our journey to fossil-free steel production,” the company’s chief executive, Martin Lindqvist, said in a press release. “We will remove seven percent of Sweden’s carbon dioxide emissions, strengthen our competitiveness and secure jobs with the most cost-effective and sustainable sheet metal production in Europe.”

The new mini-mill, which is expected to start production at the end of 2028 and to hit full capacity in 2029, will include two electric arc furnaces, advanced secondary metallurgy, a direct strip rolling mill to produce SSABs specialty products, and a cold rolling complex to develop premium products for the transport industry.

It will be fed partly from hydrogen reduced iron ore produced at the HYBRIT joint venture in Gälliväre and partly with scrap steel. The company hopes to receive its environemntal permits by the end of 2024.

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The announcement comes just one week after SSAB revealed that it was seeking $500m in funding from the US government to develop a second HYBRIT manufacturing facility, using green hydrogen instead of fossil fuels to produce direct reduced iron and steel.

The company said it also hoped to expand capacity at SSAB’s steel mill in Montpelier, Iowa. 

The two new investment announcements strengthen the company’s claim to be the global pioneer in fossil-free steel.

It produced the world’s first sponge iron made with hydrogen instead of coke at its Hybrit pilot plant in Luleå in 2021. Gälliväre was chosen that same year as the site for the world’s first industrial scale plant using the technology. 

In 2023, SSAB announced it would transform its steel mill in Oxelösund to fossil-free production.

The company’s Raahe mill in Finland, which currently has new most advanced equipment, will be the last of the company’s big plants to shift away from blast furnaces. 

The steel industry currently produces 7 percent of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions, and shifting to hydrogen reduced steel and closing blast furnaces will reduce Sweden’s carbon emissions by 10 per cent and Finland’s by 7 per cent.

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