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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

‘Swenglish’: the definitive guide and top ten

"Swenglish" is a bi-lingual language phenomenon unique to the nearly 10 million Swedes roaming the planet. But what exactly is it and why is it so funny? The Local's Oliver Gee finds out more.

Published: 6 September 2012 14:07 CEST
'Swenglish': the definitive guide and top ten

Any Swede speaking English will blame even the tiniest little slip-up on his or her “terrible Swenglish” – but it’s not that easy, Sven!

“Swenglish” is a peculiar little language phenomenon, but it’s not just about making mistakes – it’s a special kind, the result of speaking English but playing by the rules of Swedish.

Luckily for listeners, this is often hilarious.

CLICK HERE FOR THE TOP TEN EXAMPLES OF SWENGLISH

However, before I go even one sentence further let me make one thing clear: Swedes do speak excellent English.

Swedes are the fourth best country for speaking English as a second language according to education company Education First, with Norway, the Netherlands and Denmark taking the top three.

But as brilliant as the Swedes are, they remain imperfect and that’s what makes it entertaining.

Nothing beats a rousing speech by an articulate politician who wants to improve the lives of every single person in every little willage. And how about those Wikings?

Swenglish is like a Robert de Niro blooper reel – the mistakes are just more amusing when they’re made by the masters.

So, if you hear the word “Swenglish” bandied about and want to know more, here is the definitive guide.

Swenglish is:

– A straight translation where it shouldn’t be (Swedes sometimes claim to be living in a hotel… even if it’s just a one night stay – att bo i ett hotell)

– Getting letters mixed up due to different language sounds: (the Yewish man in our willage is crasy).

– Or, a Swedish word or phrase sneaking into English where it doesn’t quite fit… like calling mashed potatoes “Potato moose” – just because it’s potatismos in Swedish – even if no moose (or elk) featured in the meal or the mash.

So – use this list to help spot a Swede, or if you are in fact a Swede, this top ten might help save you from a little embarrassment in the future.

And be sure to tune in again soon for when we turn the tables on ourselves and investigate the top ten examples of “svengelska” – when English speakers put their foot in it when trying to speak Swedish.

Oliver Gee

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LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

Le Havre rules: How to talk about French towns beginning with Le, La or Les

If you're into car racing, French politics or visits to seaside resorts you are likely at some point to need to talk about French towns with a 'Le' in the title. But how you talk about these places involves a slightly unexpected French grammar rule. Here's how it works.

Published: 30 November 2021 13:04 CET
Updated: 4 December 2021 17:47 CET
An old WW2 photo taken in the French port town of Le Havre.
An old WW2 photo taken in the French port town of Le Havre. It can be difficult to know what prepositions to use for places like this - so we have explained it for you. (Photo by AFP)

If you’re listening to French chat about any of those topics, at some point you’re likely to hear the names of Mans, Havre and Touquet bandied about.

And this is because French towns that have a ‘Le’ ‘La’ or ‘Les’ in the title lose them when you begin constructing sentences. 

As a general rule, French town, commune and city names do not carry a gender. 

So if you wanted to describe Paris as beautiful, you could write: Paris est belle or Paris est beau. It doesn’t matter what adjectival agreement you use. 

For most towns and cities, you would use à to evoke movement to the place or explain that you are already there, and de to explain that you come from/are coming from that location:

Je vais à Marseille – I am going to Marseille

Je suis à Marseille – I am in Marseille 

Je viens de Marseille – I come from Marseille 

But a select few settlements in France do carry a ‘Le’, a ‘La’ or a ‘Les’ as part of their name. 

In this case the preposition disappears when you begin formulating most sentences, and you structure the sentence as you would any other phrase with a ‘le’, ‘la’ or ‘les’ in it.

Masculine

Le is the most common preposition for two names (probably something to do with the patriarchy) with Le Havre, La Mans, Le Touquet and the town of Le Tampon on the French overseas territory of La Réunion (more on that later)

A good example of this is Le Havre, a city in northern France where former Prime Minister, Edouard Philippe, who is tipped to one day run for the French presidency, serves as mayor. 

Edouard Philippe’s twitter profile describes him as the ‘Maire du Havre’, using a masculine preposition

Here we can see that his location is Le Havre, and his Twitter handle is Philippe_LH (for Le Havre) but when he comes to describe his job the Le disappears.

Because Le Havre is masculine, he describes himself as the Maire du Havre rather than the Maire de Havre (Anne Hidalgo, for example would describe herself as the Maire de Paris). 

For place names with ‘Le’ in front of them, you should use prepositions like this:

Ja vais au Touquet – I am going to Le Touquet

Je suis au Touquet – I am in Le Touquet 

Je viens du Touquet – I am from Le Touquet 

Je parle du Touquet – I am talking about Le Touquet

Le Traité du Touquet – the Le Touquet Treaty

Feminine

Some towns carry ‘La’ as part of their name. La Rochelle, the scenic town on the west coast of France known for its great seafood and rugby team, is one such example.

In French ‘à la‘ or ‘de la‘ is allowed, while ‘à le‘ becomes au and ‘de le’ becomes du. So for ‘feminine’ towns such as this, you should use the following prepositions:

Je vais à La Rochelle – I am going to La Rochelle

Je viens de La Rochelle – I am coming from La Rochelle 

Plural

And some places have ‘Les’ in front of their name, like Les Lilas, a commune in the suburbs of Paris. The name of this commune literally translates as ‘The Lilacs’ and was made famous by Serge Gainsbourg’s song Le Poinçonneur des Lilas, about a ticket puncher at the Metro station there. 

When talking about a place with ‘Les’ as part of the name, you must use a plural preposition like so:

Je suis le poinçonneur des Lilas – I am the ticket puncher of Lilas 

Je vais aux Lilas – I am going to Les Lilas

Il est né aux Lilas – He was born in Les Lilas  

Islands 

Islands follow more complicated rules. 

If you are talking about going to one island in particular, you would use à or en. This has nothing to do with gender and is entirely randomised. For example:

Je vais à La Réunion – I am going to La Réunion 

Je vais en Corse – I am going to Corsica 

Generally speaking, when talking about one of the en islands, you would use the following structure to suggest movement from the place: 

Je viens de Corse – I am coming from Corsica 

For the à Islands, you would say:

Je viens de La Réunion – I am coming from La Réunion 

When talking about territories composed of multiple islands, you should use aux.

Je vais aux Maldives – I am going to the Maldives. 

No preposition needed 

There are some phrases in French which don’t require any a preposition at all. This doesn’t change when dealing with ‘Le’ places, such as Le Mans – which is famous for its car-racing track and Motorcycle Grand Prix. Phrases that don’t need a preposition include: 

Je visite Le Mans – I am visiting Le Mans

J’aime Le Mans – I like Le Mans

But for a preposition phrase, the town becomes simply Mans, as in Je vais au Mans.

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