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BURMA

Suu Kyi makes historic visit to Switzerland

Burma democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi is due to address the International Labour Organization conference in Geneva on Thursday, kicking off the opposition leader's historic European tour.

Suu Kyi arrived in Switzerland late Wednesday on the first leg of the trip which will see her formally accept the Nobel Peace Prize that thrust her into the global spotlight two decades ago.

The veteran activist has not visited Europe since 1988 after years spent under house arrest.

The trip marks a new milestone in the political changes that have swept Burma, also known as Myanmar, since decades of military rule ended last year, bringing to power a new quasi-civilian government.  

Switzerland is the first stop on a more than two-week tour taking in Norway, Britain, France and Ireland and which will include a speech in Oslo for her 1991 Nobel Peace Prize.

Suu Kyi left Yangon as western Burma was rocked by sectarian violence between Buddhists and Muslim Rohingya that has left dozens dead and prompted President Thein Sein to warn of disruption to the fragile reform process.

The president is credited for a series of reforms including releasing hundreds of political prisoners, signing peace pacts with armed rebel groups and welcoming Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy party back into mainstream politics.

The ILO, a United Nations agency which draws up and monitors international labour standards, has sought for years to rid Burma of the practice of forced labour which it says is widespread there.

In March the government signed an action plan to eliminate it outright by 2015.

Suu Kyi is expected to touch upon this and the issue of trade unions during her address at 11am (0900 GMT).

In a video speech last year to the government representatives, employers and workers who make up the ILO she stressed as a key priority the creation of unions, formerly banned under the military junta.

The ILO welcomed Suu Kyi’s decision to address the conference in person this year.

“I would say it’s remarkable,” said Kari Tapiola, special advisor to ILO Director General Juan Somavia.

“It shows her interest in the labour agenda that she has decided to come here before going to visit Oslo.”

Suu Kyi will later on Thursday take the train to the capital Bern where she will meet with Foreign Minister Didier Burkhalter.

“The political situation in Myanmar, which is currently undergoing a process of opening up, will be the focus of the talks,” a Foreign Ministry statement said.

Suu Kyi will dine with Swiss President Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf in the evening and visit parliament before heading to Oslo on Friday.

Later in the trip the veteran activist will address Britain’s parliament and receive an Amnesty International human rights award in Dublin from rock star Bono.

The daughter of Myanmar’s independence hero General Aung San won her first ever seat in parliament in April, prompting Western nations to start rolling back sanctions.

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MYANMAR

Pope can help but Rohingya ‘have to go back’: Cardinal

The top Catholic official in Bangladesh hopes Pope Francis's visit there and to Myanmar will bolster moves to alleviate the Rohingya refugee crisis that has put the neighbouring nations in the global spotlight.

Pope can help but Rohingya 'have to go back': Cardinal
Archbishop of Dhaka Cardinal Patrick D'Rozario. Photo: AFP

Despite last week's deal to return to Myanmar some of the hundreds of thousands of people housed in the world's largest refugee camp, on the Bangladesh side of the border, Cardinal Patrick D'Rozario warns that the situation remains both explosive and tough to resolve.

“I am hopeful the Rohingya can be returned to Myanmar,” D'Rozario, the Archbishop of Dhaka, told AFP in an interview ahead of Francis's visit.

“The international community wants it and the Holy Father's visit will prepare the minds and hearts of many,” he said.

The UN's refugee agency has said the conditions for a safe return of Rohingya to Myanmar's Rakhine state are not in place and Bangladesh indicated Saturday that the plan was for them to be housed in temporary shelters initially.

Despite the difficult backdrop, D'Rozario is looking forward to the visit of the pontiff who made him a cardinal in 2016, in a first for Bangladesh and its tiny community of 360,000 Catholics.

Francis arrives in Myanmar on Monday and will fly Thursday to Bangladesh.

His schedule does not include a visit to the vast refugee camp but he is due to meet with a small group of Rohingya in Dhaka, the Bangladeshi capital.

“The cries of the Rohingya are the cries of humanity,” D'Rozario said.

“These cries ought to be heard and addressed.”

The archbishop spent two days in the camp himself, speaking to families forced from their homes in Rakhine state by a campaign of orchestrated violence and intimidation condemned as ethnic cleansing by much of the international community.

“The main thing is to tell the people 'We are on your side',” he says, adding how he takes inspiration from Francis's oft-repeated description of the Church's role as being like that of a field hospital.

Caritas, the Church's humanitarian arm, is helping to feed 40,000 families in the refugee camp, an estimated total of around 300,000 people.

“Can you imagine? A small church like ours! Working with the Rohingya and taking care of a third of the refugees… our little church!”

Despite his pride in the pivotal role Bangladesh's small Christian minority has been able to play in the crisis, the cardinal admits the outlook is not good.

“I don't think Bangladesh can take care of the Rohingya in the long term,” he said.

“They have to go back but they will not go back unless there is certainty on their security, their citizenship, their right to land, right to shelter and also a mental security.

“The international response for relief has been satisfactory but how long will it last for? Generosity will not continue to flow as it did in the initial phase of the crisis.”

Overcrowded, impoverished Bangladesh deserves praise for its efforts to accommodate the refugees, D'Rozario added.

But inevitably there will be tensions because of the impact of the latest Rohingya influx on local tribal groups.

“There are a lot of tensions, social tensions. Land is not available. It's a very densely populated country, physically they don't have any space.

“I admire the local people (for their restraint), the population has more than doubled.

“There are environmental issues with all the trees cut to make shelters.

There will be landslides when there is big rain.

“It is not possible for Bangladesh alone to tackle this. The future looks very bleak.” 

READ ALSO: Aung San Suu Kyi's Nobel Peace Prize 'cannot' be revoked over Rohingya crisis: committee